Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the minimal mean arterial pressure (MAP) required to perfuse the kidneys?
What is the minimal mean arterial pressure (MAP) required to perfuse the kidneys?
- $65-75$ mmHg
- $60-70$ mmHg
- $55-65$ mmHg (correct)
- $50-60$ mmHg
Which of the following is NOT a clinical significance of mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
Which of the following is NOT a clinical significance of mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
- The oxygen content of the blood (correct)
- The rate at which the heart pumps blood into the large arteries
- Arterial wall compliance
- The rate of blood flow out of the large arteries to enter smaller arteries and arterioles
Which formula is used to calculate mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
Which formula is used to calculate mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
- (Systolic × 2) + Diastolic / 3
- (Systolic + 2 × Diastolic) / 3
- (Diastolic × 2) + Systolic / 3 (correct)
- (Systolic + Diastolic) / 2
What is the normal range for mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
What is the normal range for mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
How does mean arterial pressure (MAP) relate to cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)?
How does mean arterial pressure (MAP) relate to cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that determines mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that determines mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
If the ventricles spent an equal amount of time in systole and diastole, how would the mean arterial pressure (MAP) compare to the average of systolic and diastolic pressures?
If the ventricles spent an equal amount of time in systole and diastole, how would the mean arterial pressure (MAP) compare to the average of systolic and diastolic pressures?
How does mean arterial pressure (MAP) allow the paramedic to have a better clinical evaluation of blood pressure?
How does mean arterial pressure (MAP) allow the paramedic to have a better clinical evaluation of blood pressure?
Which of the following factors would lead to a decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
Which of the following factors would lead to a decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
Which of the following medications is used to increase mean arterial pressure (MAP) in a patient with high afterload?
Which of the following medications is used to increase mean arterial pressure (MAP) in a patient with high afterload?
What is the formula for Cardiac Output?
What is the formula for Cardiac Output?
Which drug influences the rate of spontaneous depolarization at the SA node?
Which drug influences the rate of spontaneous depolarization at the SA node?
Which phase of the electrical activity in the heart represents the repolarization and resting phase?
Which phase of the electrical activity in the heart represents the repolarization and resting phase?
What term describes the quality of conduction and rate of conduction in the heart?
What term describes the quality of conduction and rate of conduction in the heart?
Which factor determines the strength of the circulation system via systolic resistance?
Which factor determines the strength of the circulation system via systolic resistance?
What component influences heart rate by determining the rate of spontaneous depolarization at the SA node?
What component influences heart rate by determining the rate of spontaneous depolarization at the SA node?
Which factor does not influence heart rate?
Which factor does not influence heart rate?
What influences the rate of spontaneous depolarization at the SA node?
What influences the rate of spontaneous depolarization at the SA node?
What provides information about both systemic vascular resistance and heart rate?
What provides information about both systemic vascular resistance and heart rate?
What determines the rate of spontaneous depolarization at the SA node?
What determines the rate of spontaneous depolarization at the SA node?
Which of the following is the primary mechanism by which Dopamine increases cardiac output?
Which of the following is the primary mechanism by which Dopamine increases cardiac output?
What is the normal range for cardiac output?
What is the normal range for cardiac output?
Which of the following factors DECREASES cardiac output?
Which of the following factors DECREASES cardiac output?
What is the primary mechanism by which Nitroglycerin increases cardiac output?
What is the primary mechanism by which Nitroglycerin increases cardiac output?
Which of the following is the primary determinant of stroke volume?
Which of the following is the primary determinant of stroke volume?
What is the primary mechanism by which Epinephrine increases cardiac output?
What is the primary mechanism by which Epinephrine increases cardiac output?
Which of the following is the primary function of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) in relation to afterload?
Which of the following is the primary function of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) in relation to afterload?
Which of the following is the primary mechanism by which Dobutamine increases cardiac output?
Which of the following is the primary mechanism by which Dobutamine increases cardiac output?
Which of the following is the primary determinant of diastolic blood pressure?
Which of the following is the primary determinant of diastolic blood pressure?
What is the primary mechanism by which Norepinephrine (Levophed) increases cardiac output?
What is the primary mechanism by which Norepinephrine (Levophed) increases cardiac output?
What is the primary determinant of cardiac output (CO)?
What is the primary determinant of cardiac output (CO)?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects preload?
Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects preload?
What is the primary determinant of afterload?
What is the primary determinant of afterload?
Which of the following interventions would be appropriate for decreasing afterload?
Which of the following interventions would be appropriate for decreasing afterload?
What is the primary determinant of contractility?
What is the primary determinant of contractility?
Which of the following interventions would be appropriate for increasing contractility?
Which of the following interventions would be appropriate for increasing contractility?
What is the normal range for pulmonary artery pressure (PAP)?
What is the normal range for pulmonary artery pressure (PAP)?
What is the normal range for systemic vascular resistance (SVR)?
What is the normal range for systemic vascular resistance (SVR)?
What is the normal range for ejection fraction?
What is the normal range for ejection fraction?
Which of the following interventions would be appropriate for increasing heart rate (HR)?
Which of the following interventions would be appropriate for increasing heart rate (HR)?
Which of the following is an example of when the central venous pressure (CVP) is low, indicating hypovolemia?
Which of the following is an example of when the central venous pressure (CVP) is low, indicating hypovolemia?
What is the primary function of systemic vascular resistance (SVR) in the circulatory system?
What is the primary function of systemic vascular resistance (SVR) in the circulatory system?
What is the relationship between systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and blood pressure?
What is the relationship between systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and blood pressure?
How does positive pressure ventilation from a bag-valve mask (BVM) affect central venous pressure (CVP)?
How does positive pressure ventilation from a bag-valve mask (BVM) affect central venous pressure (CVP)?
Which of the following is NOT a key element that affects hemodynamics?
Which of the following is NOT a key element that affects hemodynamics?
What is the primary determinant of afterload?
What is the primary determinant of afterload?
What is the relationship between central venous pressure (CVP) and blood volume?
What is the relationship between central venous pressure (CVP) and blood volume?
Which of the following is the primary determinant of cardiac output (CO)?
Which of the following is the primary determinant of cardiac output (CO)?
Which of the following factors would lead to a decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
Which of the following factors would lead to a decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
Which agent is most appropriate for increasing contractility?
Which agent is most appropriate for increasing contractility?
What is the effect of atropine on the heart rate?
What is the effect of atropine on the heart rate?
Which of the following is a common response to β2-receptor stimulation in the lungs?
Which of the following is a common response to β2-receptor stimulation in the lungs?
What is a notable characteristic of β3-receptors compared to β2-receptors?
What is a notable characteristic of β3-receptors compared to β2-receptors?
Which of the following would be an expected result of activating β2-receptors in the bronchi?
Which of the following would be an expected result of activating β2-receptors in the bronchi?
What is the primary metabolic effect of β3-receptor activation?
What is the primary metabolic effect of β3-receptor activation?
Which receptor type is primarily associated with bladder incontinence?
Which receptor type is primarily associated with bladder incontinence?
What is the main benefit of utilizing Albuterol in EMS treatment?
What is the main benefit of utilizing Albuterol in EMS treatment?
What is a significant clinical application of β2-receptor stimulation?
What is a significant clinical application of β2-receptor stimulation?
Which parameter does Cardiac Output (CO) depend on?
Which parameter does Cardiac Output (CO) depend on?
What is the primary purpose of a fluid challenge?
What is the primary purpose of a fluid challenge?
What is the primary determinant of contractility?
What is the primary determinant of contractility?
Which component of the electrical conduction system affects the rate of spontaneous depolarization at the sinoatrial (SA) node?
Which component of the electrical conduction system affects the rate of spontaneous depolarization at the sinoatrial (SA) node?
What is the primary determinant of afterload?
What is the primary determinant of afterload?
Which of the following medications would be appropriate for decreasing afterload?
Which of the following medications would be appropriate for decreasing afterload?
What is the primary mechanism by which central venous pressure (CVP) reflects preload?
What is the primary mechanism by which central venous pressure (CVP) reflects preload?
Which factor primarily influences the rate of spontaneous depolarization at the sinoatrial (SA) node?
Which factor primarily influences the rate of spontaneous depolarization at the sinoatrial (SA) node?
What is the primary mechanism by which diuretics, such as Lasix (furosemide) or Bumex (bumetanide), decrease preload?
What is the primary mechanism by which diuretics, such as Lasix (furosemide) or Bumex (bumetanide), decrease preload?
Which component of the electrical conduction system affects the speed of conduction through the atrioventricular (AV) node?
Which component of the electrical conduction system affects the speed of conduction through the atrioventricular (AV) node?
How does the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) affect hemodynamics?
How does the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) affect hemodynamics?
Which medication primarily causes vasoconstriction to blood vessels?
Which medication primarily causes vasoconstriction to blood vessels?
What is the primary function of Adrenergic receptor beta 3 (3-Receptors)?
What is the primary function of Adrenergic receptor beta 3 (3-Receptors)?
How do Carotid Bodies Chemoreceptors contribute to hemodynamics?
How do Carotid Bodies Chemoreceptors contribute to hemodynamics?
What is the primary role of a2B adrenergic receptors in the pancreas?
What is the primary role of a2B adrenergic receptors in the pancreas?
What is the main effect of Alpha-1 Receptors at the cellular level?
What is the main effect of Alpha-1 Receptors at the cellular level?
Which receptor subtype primarily acts on stress responses?
Which receptor subtype primarily acts on stress responses?
How do Beroreceptors at the Carotid Bodies contribute to hemodynamics?
How do Beroreceptors at the Carotid Bodies contribute to hemodynamics?
