Układ pokarmowy cz 3

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is the result of the body absorbing too much iron from food in hemochromatosis?

Reduced iron levels in the blood

Decreased oxygen transport to tissues

Increased hemoglobin production in red blood cells

Elevated iron levels in the blood and poisoning of tissues (correct)

What is the significance of the root '-chromat-' in the term hemochromatosis?

It refers to the darkening of the skin due to iron deposition (correct)

It refers to the production of hemoglobin

It refers to the binding of iron to oxygen

It refers to the absence of color in the skin

What is the function of the iron molecule in hemoglobin proteins?

It produces energy in the cells

It binds to oxygen (correct)

It transports oxygen to the tissues

It regulates iron absorption in the body

How much iron do healthy individuals typically absorb from their diet daily?

1-2 mg Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of having hemochromatosis?

The body absorbs an unusually high amount of iron Signup and view all the answers

Why is iron essential for the body?

It is necessary for oxygen transport Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the iron absorbed by the enterocytes in people with the C282Y mutation?

It's absorbed into the bloodstream without regulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main complication of hemosiderosis in the liver?

Cirrhosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the enterocytes in the small intestine?

To regulate iron absorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the Fenton reaction in the body?

Free radical generation Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the HFE gene?

To control iron absorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disorder caused by the HFE gene mutation?

Primary hemochromatosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of frequent blood transfusions on iron levels?

Increased iron levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of iron deposition in pancreatic cells?

Type 1 diabetes mellitus Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated amount of excess iron in the body by age 40?

>20 g Signup and view all the answers

What is the average age of diagnosis for men with hemochromatosis?

50 Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of iron accumulation in the skin?

Bronze pigmented skin Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of transferrin in the blood?

Stores up to two iron molecules and safely transports it in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of high transferrin percent saturation?

The body has enough iron and doesn't need to transport it Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the total iron binding capacity lab test?

To measure the ability of the blood to carry more iron Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ferritin in the body?

Stores iron inside cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a liver biopsy in diagnosing hemochromatosis?

To confirm iron deposition in the hepatocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Prussian blue stain in diagnosing hemochromatosis?

To confirm iron deposition in the liver cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of treatment of hemochromatosis?

To decrease the iron load in the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of deferoxamine in treating hemochromatosis?

Binds to free iron in the blood and makes it easier to get rid of via the urine Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of hemochromatosis?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pancreatic digestive enzymes secreted into the duodenum?

To aid in the digestion of food in the small intestine Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of proenzymes in the pancreas?

To protect the pancreas from autodigestion by digestive enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the pancreas in the body?

In the upper abdomen, behind the stomach Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of the pancreas being destroyed by its own digestive enzymes?

Autodigestion Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of protease inhibitors in the pancreas?

To prevent enzymes from doing damage if they become prematurely active Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the acinar cells in the pancreas?

To manufacture inactive forms of digestive enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of trypsin in the small intestine?

To break down proteins into smaller peptides Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of premature activation of trypsinogen in the pancreas?

Autodigestion of the pancreas and acute pancreatitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which alcohol abuse contributes to acute pancreatitis?

Formation of a protein plug in the pancreatic duct Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the duodenum in the activation of trypsinogen?

It is the site of trypsinogen activation by enteropeptidase Signup and view all the answers

What is the mnemonic device used to remember the causes of acute pancreatitis?

I GET SMASHED Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of autodigestion of the pancreas in acute pancreatitis?

Liquefactive hemorrhagic necrosis of the pancreas Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of neutrophils in the progression of acute pancreatitis?

To release reactive oxygen species and proteases Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of gallstones on the pancreatic duct?

They block the release of pancreatic juices Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of oxidative metabolism of alcohol in the pancreas?

Production of reactive oxygen species Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of pancreatic tissue destruction in acute pancreatitis?

Liquefactive hemorrhagic necrosis of the pancreas Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of a pancreatic pseudocyst?

Fibrous tissue surrounding liquefactive necrotic tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common complication of pancreatic pseudocysts?

Infection by E.coli Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way to image a pancreatic pseudocyst?

Abdominal CT scan Signup and view all the answers

What is the leading cause of death among individuals with acute pancreatitis?

Acute respiratory distress syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinctive sign of acute pancreatitis?

Hypocalcemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Cullen's sign in acute pancreatitis?

Indicates necrosis induced hemorrhaging Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of treatment for acute pancreatitis?

To control pain and provide fluids Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of lipase in diagnosing acute pancreatitis?

It is a specific enzyme for pancreatitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the complication of acute pancreatitis that can cause leaky blood vessels throughout the body?

Acute respiratory distress syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a high white blood cell count in pancreatic pseudocysts?

Indicates infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of chronic pancreatitis on the pancreatic ductal system?

Alternating stenosis and dilation of the ducts Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of pancreatic insufficiency on nutrient absorption?

Impaired absorption of dietary fats Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of pancreatic duct visualization using ERCP?

Delivering contrast medium through an endoscope to the pancreatic ducts Signup and view all the answers

What is the long-term consequence of chronic pancreatitis on blood sugar regulation?

Diabetes mellitus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of pancreatic ductal obstruction in chronic pancreatitis?

Formation of pancreatic pseudocysts Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of treatment for chronic pancreatitis?

Controlling pain and reducing risk factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between chronic pancreatitis and acute pancreatitis in terms of pancreatic structure?

Fibrosis, atrophy, and calcification vs. normal pancreatic structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of producing zymogens in the pancreas?

To protect the pancreas from autodigestion Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of acinar cells in the pancreas?

To manufacture digestive enzymes and proenzymes Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the pancreas in the body?

In the upper abdomen, behind the stomach Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pancreatic digestive enzymes secreted into the duodenum?

To break down macromolecules like carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when the pancreas is destroyed by its own digestive enzymes?

Autodigestion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following prevents enzymes from doing damage if they become prematurely active in the pancreas?

Protease inhibitors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of chronic pancreatitis in children?

Cystic fibrosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of membrane trafficking becoming chaotic in the pancreas?

Zymogen granules merging with lysosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the pancreatic juices becoming thick and viscous in the pancreatic duct?

Formation of a plug that can block the duct Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of the pancreas being destroyed by its own digestive enzymes?

Autodigestion Signup and view all the answers

What is the main consequence of repeated bouts of acute pancreatitis?

Development of chronic pancreatitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of enteropeptidase in the activation of trypsinogen?

To cleave trypsinogen into trypsin Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of elevated lipase and amylase levels in acute pancreatitis?

They are diagnostic for acute pancreatitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of high consumption and subsequent oxidative metabolism of alcohol in the pancreas?

Formation of reactive oxygen species Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which alcohol abuse contributes to acute pancreatitis?

By stimulating acinar cells to release inflammatory cytokines Signup and view all the answers

Układ pokarmowy cz 3

Choose a study mode

Podcast

Questions and Answers

What is the result of the body absorbing too much iron from food in hemochromatosis?

What is the significance of the root '-chromat-' in the term hemochromatosis?

What is the function of the iron molecule in hemoglobin proteins?

How much iron do healthy individuals typically absorb from their diet daily?

What is the consequence of having hemochromatosis?

Why is iron essential for the body?

What happens to the iron absorbed by the enterocytes in people with the C282Y mutation?

What is the main complication of hemosiderosis in the liver?

What is the purpose of the enterocytes in the small intestine?

What is the result of the Fenton reaction in the body?

What is the function of the HFE gene?

What is the name of the disorder caused by the HFE gene mutation?

What is the effect of frequent blood transfusions on iron levels?

What is the result of iron deposition in pancreatic cells?

What is the estimated amount of excess iron in the body by age 40?

What is the average age of diagnosis for men with hemochromatosis?

What is the result of iron accumulation in the skin?

What is the role of transferrin in the blood?

What is the significance of high transferrin percent saturation?

What is the purpose of the total iron binding capacity lab test?

What is the function of ferritin in the body?

What is the significance of a liver biopsy in diagnosing hemochromatosis?

What is the purpose of the Prussian blue stain in diagnosing hemochromatosis?

What is the goal of treatment of hemochromatosis?

What is the mechanism of action of deferoxamine in treating hemochromatosis?

What is the cause of hemochromatosis?

What is the primary function of the pancreatic digestive enzymes secreted into the duodenum?

What is the purpose of proenzymes in the pancreas?

What is the location of the pancreas in the body?

What is the term for the process of the pancreas being destroyed by its own digestive enzymes?

What is the purpose of protease inhibitors in the pancreas?

What is the primary function of the acinar cells in the pancreas?

What is the primary function of trypsin in the small intestine?

What is the consequence of premature activation of trypsinogen in the pancreas?

What is the primary mechanism by which alcohol abuse contributes to acute pancreatitis?

What is the significance of the duodenum in the activation of trypsinogen?

What is the mnemonic device used to remember the causes of acute pancreatitis?

What is the result of autodigestion of the pancreas in acute pancreatitis?

What is the role of neutrophils in the progression of acute pancreatitis?

What is the effect of gallstones on the pancreatic duct?

What is the consequence of oxidative metabolism of alcohol in the pancreas?

What is the result of pancreatic tissue destruction in acute pancreatitis?

What is the main characteristic of a pancreatic pseudocyst?

What is the most common complication of pancreatic pseudocysts?

What is the best way to image a pancreatic pseudocyst?

What is the leading cause of death among individuals with acute pancreatitis?

What is a distinctive sign of acute pancreatitis?

What is the significance of Cullen's sign in acute pancreatitis?

What is the goal of treatment for acute pancreatitis?

What is the significance of lipase in diagnosing acute pancreatitis?

What is the complication of acute pancreatitis that can cause leaky blood vessels throughout the body?

What is the significance of a high white blood cell count in pancreatic pseudocysts?

What is the primary consequence of chronic pancreatitis on the pancreatic ductal system?

What is the primary consequence of pancreatic insufficiency on nutrient absorption?

What is the primary mechanism of pancreatic duct visualization using ERCP?

What is the long-term consequence of chronic pancreatitis on blood sugar regulation?

What is the primary consequence of pancreatic ductal obstruction in chronic pancreatitis?

What is the primary goal of treatment for chronic pancreatitis?

What is the primary difference between chronic pancreatitis and acute pancreatitis in terms of pancreatic structure?

What is the purpose of producing zymogens in the pancreas?

What is the role of acinar cells in the pancreas?

What is the location of the pancreas in the body?

What is the function of the pancreatic digestive enzymes secreted into the duodenum?

What is the process called when the pancreas is destroyed by its own digestive enzymes?

Which of the following prevents enzymes from doing damage if they become prematurely active in the pancreas?

What is the primary cause of chronic pancreatitis in children?

What is the consequence of membrane trafficking becoming chaotic in the pancreas?

What is the result of the pancreatic juices becoming thick and viscous in the pancreatic duct?

What is the term for the process of the pancreas being destroyed by its own digestive enzymes?

What is the main consequence of repeated bouts of acute pancreatitis?

What is the primary role of enteropeptidase in the activation of trypsinogen?

What is the significance of elevated lipase and amylase levels in acute pancreatitis?

What is the consequence of high consumption and subsequent oxidative metabolism of alcohol in the pancreas?

What is the primary mechanism by which alcohol abuse contributes to acute pancreatitis?

More Like This

Iron Overload: Chapter 4