Hematopoiesis and Erythropoiesis Overview

The process of blood cell formation.

Blood cell formation in the fetus, shifting from yolk sac to liver/spleen and eventually to bone marrow.

Blood cell formation outside the bone marrow, often in the liver and spleen, triggered by disease conditions.

The primary site of haemopoiesis in early fetal development.

Aorta-gonads-mesonephros region, source of definitive haemopoietic stem cells.

Major site of blood cell production in adults and infants; vertebrae, ribs, sternum, skull etc.

Rare, pluripotent cell in bone marrow, the ancestor of all blood cells.

The primary site of haemopoiesis in later fetal, child and adult life.

Common precursors of both endothelial and haempoietic cells.

Stem cell able producing cells of multiple types

Specialized cells in development from the stem cell, limited to certain lineage potential.

The formation of red blood cells.

Identifying markers for haemopoietic stem cells, found on immunological testing.

The formation of granulocytes and monocytes.

The formation of platelets.

Cells capable of differentiating into all types of blood cells.

The supportive tissue in bone marrow that surrounds blood cells.

The process of blood cell formation

Cells with the ability to renew themselves and differentiate into other cell types.

Cells that are committed to differentiating into specific blood cell types.

The ability of stem cells to replicate themselves.

The process by which cells become specialized into mature blood cell types.

Primary site of blood cell formation and development.

The final, specialized blood cells.

Supportive tissue in the bone marrow.

A precursor cell that forms a colony of blood cells

A single stem cell can produce millions of mature blood cells through many divisions

The bone marrow provides a supportive environment for stem cell survival, growth, and development, comprised of stromal cells and a network of blood vessels.

Cells in bone marrow that support stem cell growth, including adipocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages.

A network of proteins and other molecules secreted by stromal cells that maintains the structure of bone marrow and provides support and signals to stem cells.

Proteins secreted by stromal cells that promote stem cell survival, differentiation and function.

The ability of stem cells to differentiate into various types of cells in different parts of the body.

The movement of stem cells around the body

The process of increasing the number of stem cells in the blood, often using cytokines like G-CSF or GM-CSF

The process of stem cells migrating to specific tissues, guided by chemokine gradients.

A chemokine crucial for stem cell homing, guiding stem cells to the right places

A cell capable of forming all types of cells in the body, including body tissues.

Specialized stem cells found in various adult organs

Cells from a donor that have the potential to contribute to non-blood tissues like neurons, liver, and muscle

Stem cells with the potential to form all types of tissues, but not the placenta or extra-embryonic tissues.

Proteins that stimulate the growth and differentiation of stem cells.

A stem cell that can differentiate into various tissues, including bone, cartilage, and fat.

The process of blood cell formation in the body

A stem cell can produce another stem cell (self-renewal) as well as one committed to differentiation.

Early cells in the blood cell development that are partially specialized and proceed down specific blood cell lineages.

Proteins that control which genes are expressed during blood cell differentiation. Examples include GATA-1 and PD-1.

Proteins that regulate blood cell production and function by influencing proliferation, differentiation, and survival of precursor cells and mature cells.

The process by which cells become specialized into mature blood cells (e.g. red blood cells, white blood cells).

The ability of stem cells to divide and produce more stem cells.

A stem cell's ability to be directed to develop into other cell types.

Partially specialized cells that can develop into specific blood cell types.