30 Questions
What is the defining characteristic of hemolytic anemias?
Increase in the rate of red cell destruction
Which laboratory finding is indicative of increased red cell breakdown in hemolytic anemias?
Increased serum bilirubin
What can precipitate aplastic crises in hemolytic anemias?
Infection with parvovirus
Which type of red cell morphology may be observed in hemolytic anemias?
Microspherocytes and elliptocytes
What is a characteristic feature of increased red cell production in hemolytic anemias?
Bone marrow erythroid hyperplasia
What happens to serum haptoglobins in hemolytic anemias?
They become saturated with hemoglobin and are removed by RE cells
Which mechanism involves excessive removal of red cells by macrophages of the RE system?
Extravascular hemolysis
What is the main source of NADPH that is needed for the production of reduced glutathione?
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
Which condition renders the red cell susceptible to oxidant stress?
G6PD deficiency
What is the inheritance pattern of G6PD deficiency?
X-linked recessive
In which condition is there a risk of neonatal jaundice?
G6PD deficiency
Which type of anemia is caused by rapidly developing intravascular hemolysis with hemoglobinuria in response to oxidant stress?
March hemoglobinuria
What feature may be observed in the blood film during a crisis of G6PD deficiency?
'Bite' cells and 'blister' cells
What condition can cause intravascular haemolysis with marked microspherocytosis?
Malaria infections
What is the effect of leukemia on the bone marrow?
It replaces normal blood elements with cancer cells
What is the Greek meaning of the word 'Leukemia'?
White blood
How does leukemia affect the ability to kill cancer cells and preserve healthy ones?
It makes it harder to kill cancer cells and preserve the good/healthy ones
What are the characteristics of cancer cells in leukemia?
They replace all bone marrow cells, causing infection and bleeding problems
What is the role of bone marrow in the context of leukemia?
It helps in the production of normal blood elements
How does leukemia impact the DNA and genes of cells?
It causes changes in cells, DNA, and genes
In which type of Leukemia do the white blood cells tend to develop more rapidly and very immature?
Acute lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
Which type of Leukemia is characterized by increased production of granulocytes in the bone marrow and is usually associated with a specific chromosomal abnormality called the Philadelphia chromosome?
Chronic myeloid Leukemia (CML)
Which type of Leukemia progresses slowly, runs a slow course, and is not immediately fatal?
Chronic lymphocyte Leukemia (CLL)
Which type of Leukemia is characterized by an increase in white blood cells produced in lymph nodes and bone marrow, striking without any warning?
Acute lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
Which type of Leukemia starts off in the Bone marrow and runs a slow course, giving more time to live?
Chronic lymphocyte Leukemia (CLL)
$What can be said about Chronic Myeloid Leukemia?$
$Increased production of granulocytes in the bone marrow$
What is the classification for Leukemia based on how quickly the disease develops?
$Classification based on how quickly the disease develops$
$Which type of white blood cells are affected in Myelogenous Leukemia?$
$Myeloid cells$
$What does Acute Myeloid Leukemia refer to?$
$Runs a fast course$
$What type of risk factor has been identified for the development of Leukemia?$
$High energy radiation$
Test your knowledge of hemolytic anemias, which result from an increase in the rate of red cell destruction, leading to clinical features such as pallor, jaundice, and splenomegaly.
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