Hematology: Hemolytic Anemias
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Questions and Answers

What is the defining characteristic of hemolytic anemias?

  • Decrease in the rate of red cell destruction
  • Increase in the rate of red cell production
  • Increase in the rate of red cell destruction (correct)
  • Decrease in the rate of red cell production

Which laboratory finding is indicative of increased red cell breakdown in hemolytic anemias?

  • Increased serum bilirubin (correct)
  • Decreased serum bilirubin
  • Decreased urine urobilinogen
  • Increased serum haptoglobins

What can precipitate aplastic crises in hemolytic anemias?

  • Decreased reticulocyte count
  • Infection with parvovirus (correct)
  • Increased serum haptoglobins
  • Elevated serum bilirubin

Which type of red cell morphology may be observed in hemolytic anemias?

<p>Microspherocytes and elliptocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of increased red cell production in hemolytic anemias?

<p>Bone marrow erythroid hyperplasia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to serum haptoglobins in hemolytic anemias?

<p>They become saturated with hemoglobin and are removed by RE cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism involves excessive removal of red cells by macrophages of the RE system?

<p>Extravascular hemolysis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of NADPH that is needed for the production of reduced glutathione?

<p>Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition renders the red cell susceptible to oxidant stress?

<p>G6PD deficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the inheritance pattern of G6PD deficiency?

<p>X-linked recessive (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition is there a risk of neonatal jaundice?

<p>G6PD deficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anemia is caused by rapidly developing intravascular hemolysis with hemoglobinuria in response to oxidant stress?

<p>March hemoglobinuria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature may be observed in the blood film during a crisis of G6PD deficiency?

<p>'Bite' cells and 'blister' cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition can cause intravascular haemolysis with marked microspherocytosis?

<p>Malaria infections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of leukemia on the bone marrow?

<p>It replaces normal blood elements with cancer cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Greek meaning of the word 'Leukemia'?

<p>White blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does leukemia affect the ability to kill cancer cells and preserve healthy ones?

<p>It makes it harder to kill cancer cells and preserve the good/healthy ones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of cancer cells in leukemia?

<p>They replace all bone marrow cells, causing infection and bleeding problems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of bone marrow in the context of leukemia?

<p>It helps in the production of normal blood elements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does leukemia impact the DNA and genes of cells?

<p>It causes changes in cells, DNA, and genes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of Leukemia do the white blood cells tend to develop more rapidly and very immature?

<p>Acute lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of Leukemia is characterized by increased production of granulocytes in the bone marrow and is usually associated with a specific chromosomal abnormality called the Philadelphia chromosome?

<p>Chronic myeloid Leukemia (CML) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of Leukemia progresses slowly, runs a slow course, and is not immediately fatal?

<p>Chronic lymphocyte Leukemia (CLL) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of Leukemia is characterized by an increase in white blood cells produced in lymph nodes and bone marrow, striking without any warning?

<p>Acute lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of Leukemia starts off in the Bone marrow and runs a slow course, giving more time to live?

<p>Chronic lymphocyte Leukemia (CLL) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

$What can be said about Chronic Myeloid Leukemia?$

<p>$Increased production of granulocytes in the bone marrow$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification for Leukemia based on how quickly the disease develops?

<p>$Classification based on how quickly the disease develops$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

$Which type of white blood cells are affected in Myelogenous Leukemia?$

<p>$Myeloid cells$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

$What does Acute Myeloid Leukemia refer to?$

<p>$Runs a fast course$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

$What type of risk factor has been identified for the development of Leukemia?$

<p>$High energy radiation$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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