Hematology: Blood Composition and Clotting
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary phagocytosis function of neutrophils in tissues?

  • Defend against viral infection
  • Produce antibodies
  • Defend against bacterial infection (correct)
  • Produce histamine

Why can neutrophils not return to the blood once they leave to enter tissues?

  • They get destroyed in tissues
  • They lose their ability to circulate
  • They are too large to re-enter blood vessels
  • They undergo irreversible changes upon tissue entry (correct)

What percentage of the vascular pool do the marginating pool of neutrophils represent?

  • ~50-55% (correct)
  • ~90%
  • ~25%
  • ~75%

What distinguishes leukocytes from RBCs?

<p>Presence of nuclei (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the increase in circulating neutrophils in response to acute stress?

<p>Increased neutrophil production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of leukocytes are segmented cells with granules?

<p>Neutrophils (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are the neutrophil granules referred to as neutrophilic?

<p>They are acidic components (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the presence of drumstick (Barr body) in some females' neutrophils?

<p>Has no physiological significance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes band neutrophils from segmented neutrophils?

<p>Nucleus shape (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical percentage range of segmented neutrophils in total WBC count?

<p>~45% to 70% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do leukocytes mainly function?

<p>In tissues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of leukocyte represents an earlier stage of segmented neutrophils?

<p>Band neutrophils (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of the liquid part in the blood volume?

<p>60-70% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is clotting prevented when blood is mixed with anticoagulant?

<p>To prevent the blood from forming a solid clot (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the liquid remaining after blood clots called?

<p>Serum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which anticoagulant is preferred for blood samples?

<p>EDTA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three populations into which blood cells can be divided?

<p>Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, Thrombocytes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of plasma is water?

<p>90% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?

<p>Carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate normal red blood cell (RBC) count in a healthy individual?

<p>4.5 to 6 million cells per microliter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are microcytic red blood cells characterized?

<p>They have a mean corpuscular volume of less than 80 fL (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best estimate of red blood cell (RBC) production?

<p>Blood reticulocyte count (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What gives red blood cells their flexibility to squeeze through capillaries?

<p>Their biconcave shape (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be observed in young red blood cells that helps in identifying them?

<p>Visible particles called reticulin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of eosinophils in total white blood cell count?

<p>2 to 6% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of eosinophils?

<p>Production of red blood cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein represents approximately 50% of the content in eosinophil granules and has a toxic effect causing cell membrane permeabilization?

<p>Major basic protein (MBP) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is Charcot-Leyden protein mostly detected in patients with hypereosinophilia?

<p>Sputum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average survival time of eosinophils in circulation before they enter tissues?

<p>~5 to 6 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of infections can lead to an increase in the number of eosinophils in the body?

<p>Parasitic infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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