Hematology: Blood Composition and Clotting

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What is the primary phagocytosis function of neutrophils in tissues?

Defend against viral infection

Produce antibodies

Defend against bacterial infection (correct)

Produce histamine

Why can neutrophils not return to the blood once they leave to enter tissues?

They get destroyed in tissues

They lose their ability to circulate

They are too large to re-enter blood vessels

They undergo irreversible changes upon tissue entry (correct)

What percentage of the vascular pool do the marginating pool of neutrophils represent?

~50-55% (correct)

~90%

~25%

~75%

What distinguishes leukocytes from RBCs?

Presence of nuclei Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the increase in circulating neutrophils in response to acute stress?

Increased neutrophil production Signup and view all the answers

Which type of leukocytes are segmented cells with granules?

Neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

Why are the neutrophil granules referred to as neutrophilic?

They are acidic components Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the presence of drumstick (Barr body) in some females' neutrophils?

Has no physiological significance Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes band neutrophils from segmented neutrophils?

Nucleus shape Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical percentage range of segmented neutrophils in total WBC count?

~45% to 70% Signup and view all the answers

Where do leukocytes mainly function?

In tissues Signup and view all the answers

Which type of leukocyte represents an earlier stage of segmented neutrophils?

Band neutrophils Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of the liquid part in the blood volume?

60-70% Signup and view all the answers

Why is clotting prevented when blood is mixed with anticoagulant?

To prevent the blood from forming a solid clot Signup and view all the answers

What is the liquid remaining after blood clots called?

Serum Signup and view all the answers

Which anticoagulant is preferred for blood samples?

EDTA Signup and view all the answers

What are the three populations into which blood cells can be divided?

Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, Thrombocytes Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of plasma is water?

90% Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of erythrocytes (red blood cells)?

Carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate normal red blood cell (RBC) count in a healthy individual?

4.5 to 6 million cells per microliter Signup and view all the answers

How are microcytic red blood cells characterized?

They have a mean corpuscular volume of less than 80 fL Signup and view all the answers

What is the best estimate of red blood cell (RBC) production?

Blood reticulocyte count Signup and view all the answers

What gives red blood cells their flexibility to squeeze through capillaries?

Their biconcave shape Signup and view all the answers

What can be observed in young red blood cells that helps in identifying them?

Visible particles called reticulin Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of eosinophils in total white blood cell count?

2 to 6% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of eosinophils?

Production of red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

Which protein represents approximately 50% of the content in eosinophil granules and has a toxic effect causing cell membrane permeabilization?

Major basic protein (MBP) Signup and view all the answers

Where is Charcot-Leyden protein mostly detected in patients with hypereosinophilia?

Sputum Signup and view all the answers

What is the average survival time of eosinophils in circulation before they enter tissues?

~5 to 6 hours Signup and view all the answers

Which type of infections can lead to an increase in the number of eosinophils in the body?

Parasitic infections Signup and view all the answers