Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the typical reticulocyte count in healthy individuals?
What is the typical reticulocyte count in healthy individuals?
- 0.5-1%
- 1-2% (correct)
- 3-4%
- 2-3%
Macrocytic anemia is associated with decreased production of red blood corpuscles.
Macrocytic anemia is associated with decreased production of red blood corpuscles.
False (B)
Name one condition that can lead to increased destruction of red blood corpuscles.
Name one condition that can lead to increased destruction of red blood corpuscles.
Hemolytic anemia
Anemia due to iron deficiency results in ________ RBC morphology.
Anemia due to iron deficiency results in ________ RBC morphology.
Match the following types of anemia with their associated causes:
Match the following types of anemia with their associated causes:
What change in reticulocyte count is expected in hemolytic anemia?
What change in reticulocyte count is expected in hemolytic anemia?
Sickle-shaped RBCs are an indicator of increased destruction in sickle cell anemia.
Sickle-shaped RBCs are an indicator of increased destruction in sickle cell anemia.
Identify one type of anemia caused by decreased maturation of RBCs.
Identify one type of anemia caused by decreased maturation of RBCs.
Which of the following is NOT part of a standard haemogram (CBC)?
Which of the following is NOT part of a standard haemogram (CBC)?
The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) is used to evaluate blood chemistry.
The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) is used to evaluate blood chemistry.
Name one test included in the tests for diabetes mellitus.
Name one test included in the tests for diabetes mellitus.
Testing for ____ function is part of the tests for haemostasis.
Testing for ____ function is part of the tests for haemostasis.
Match the laboratory investigation type with its corresponding test:
Match the laboratory investigation type with its corresponding test:
Which investigation would you use to assess the clotting factors?
Which investigation would you use to assess the clotting factors?
Self assessment tests are used to monitor blood glucose levels.
Self assessment tests are used to monitor blood glucose levels.
What test might be performed to determine if someone has ketoacidosis?
What test might be performed to determine if someone has ketoacidosis?
Which test is specifically used to assess glucose levels over a period of time in diabetes management?
Which test is specifically used to assess glucose levels over a period of time in diabetes management?
Blood diseases do not impact dental treatments.
Blood diseases do not impact dental treatments.
What are the main types of tests included in a complete blood count?
What are the main types of tests included in a complete blood count?
The test used to evaluate kidney function is known as __________.
The test used to evaluate kidney function is known as __________.
Match the following tests with their purposes:
Match the following tests with their purposes:
Which of the following conditions would NOT typically show oral manifestations?
Which of the following conditions would NOT typically show oral manifestations?
The differential white blood cell count is part of the haemogram.
The differential white blood cell count is part of the haemogram.
List one reason why blood tests are important for dentists.
List one reason why blood tests are important for dentists.
What is the average normal mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)?
What is the average normal mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)?
Eosinophils are primarily involved in the defense against bacterial infections.
Eosinophils are primarily involved in the defense against bacterial infections.
What hemoglobin concentration indicates hypochromic anemia?
What hemoglobin concentration indicates hypochromic anemia?
Both B-cells and T-cells are types of ______ which play a role in immune response.
Both B-cells and T-cells are types of ______ which play a role in immune response.
Match the following blood cell components with their primary function:
Match the following blood cell components with their primary function:
Which condition is likely associated with leukocytosis?
Which condition is likely associated with leukocytosis?
Children have a lower normal white blood cell count than adults.
Children have a lower normal white blood cell count than adults.
What are the normal white blood cell count ranges for adults?
What are the normal white blood cell count ranges for adults?
What is considered normal glucose tolerance for 2 hours post-prandial glucose (2h PPG)?
What is considered normal glucose tolerance for 2 hours post-prandial glucose (2h PPG)?
A 2h PPG value greater than 200 mg/dl indicates a provisional diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.
A 2h PPG value greater than 200 mg/dl indicates a provisional diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.
What is the fasting blood glucose level considered normal?
What is the fasting blood glucose level considered normal?
For the glucose tolerance test, a measured dose of glucose can be administrated either orally as _____ grams or intravenously as 0.5 mg glucose per kg body weight.
For the glucose tolerance test, a measured dose of glucose can be administrated either orally as _____ grams or intravenously as 0.5 mg glucose per kg body weight.
Match the glucose levels with their time post-glucose administration for a glucose tolerance test:
Match the glucose levels with their time post-glucose administration for a glucose tolerance test:
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of the glucose tolerance test?
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of the glucose tolerance test?
Blood samples for a glucose tolerance test are typically taken at ½ hour, 1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours after glucose administration.
Blood samples for a glucose tolerance test are typically taken at ½ hour, 1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours after glucose administration.
Name one disadvantage of the glucose tolerance test.
Name one disadvantage of the glucose tolerance test.
Which type of tests are performed for Diabetes Mellitus?
Which type of tests are performed for Diabetes Mellitus?
The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) is a test for kidney function.
The Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) is a test for kidney function.
What does HbA1C stand for?
What does HbA1C stand for?
The total _____ count is measured in WBC/mm3.
The total _____ count is measured in WBC/mm3.
Which test is least likely to be associated with evaluating liver function?
Which test is least likely to be associated with evaluating liver function?
Self-assessment tests are designed for blood sampling.
Self-assessment tests are designed for blood sampling.
What does CBC stand for in the context of testing?
What does CBC stand for in the context of testing?
Flashcards
Red blood cell count (RBC/mm3)
Red blood cell count (RBC/mm3)
A blood test that measures the number of red blood cells per cubic millimeter.
Hemoglobin level (Hb %)
Hemoglobin level (Hb %)
A blood test that measures the amount of hemoglobin in the blood.
White blood cell count (WBC/mm3)
White blood cell count (WBC/mm3)
A blood test that measures the number of white blood cells per cubic millimeter.
Differential white blood cell count
Differential white blood cell count
Signup and view all the flashcards
Platelet count
Platelet count
Signup and view all the flashcards
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1C)
Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1C)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Blood Glucose concentration
Blood Glucose concentration
Signup and view all the flashcards
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tests for Hemostasis
Tests for Hemostasis
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tests for Diabetes Mellitus
Tests for Diabetes Mellitus
Signup and view all the flashcards
Blood Chemistry
Blood Chemistry
Signup and view all the flashcards
Biopsy
Biopsy
Signup and view all the flashcards
Red Blood Cell Count (RBC)
Red Blood Cell Count (RBC)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Hemoglobin Concentration (Hb%)
Hemoglobin Concentration (Hb%)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Total White Blood Cell Count (WBC)
Total White Blood Cell Count (WBC)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Haemogram (Complete Blood Count)
Haemogram (Complete Blood Count)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Main function of Red Blood Cells (RBCs)
Main function of Red Blood Cells (RBCs)
Signup and view all the flashcards
White Blood Cell Count
White Blood Cell Count
Signup and view all the flashcards
Testing the Clotting Factors
Testing the Clotting Factors
Signup and view all the flashcards
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Normal Red Blood Cell Counts (RBCs)
Normal Red Blood Cell Counts (RBCs)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Anemia
Anemia
Signup and view all the flashcards
Polycythemia
Polycythemia
Signup and view all the flashcards
Neutrophils
Neutrophils
Signup and view all the flashcards
Eosinophils
Eosinophils
Signup and view all the flashcards
Basophils
Basophils
Signup and view all the flashcards
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes
Signup and view all the flashcards
2-hour Postprandial Glucose (2h PPG)
2-hour Postprandial Glucose (2h PPG)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Post-Challenge Plasma Glucose (PCG)
Post-Challenge Plasma Glucose (PCG)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Postprandial Glucose (PPG)
Postprandial Glucose (PPG)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT)
Glucose Tolerance Test (GTT)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT)
Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Normal Glucose Tolerance
Normal Glucose Tolerance
Signup and view all the flashcards
Provisional Diagnosis of Diabetes
Provisional Diagnosis of Diabetes
Signup and view all the flashcards
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Decreased Production of RBCs
Decreased Production of RBCs
Signup and view all the flashcards
Decreased Maturation of RBCs
Decreased Maturation of RBCs
Signup and view all the flashcards
Increased Destruction of RBCs
Increased Destruction of RBCs
Signup and view all the flashcards
Microcytic Anemia
Microcytic Anemia
Signup and view all the flashcards
Macrocytic Anemia
Macrocytic Anemia
Signup and view all the flashcards
Reticulocyte Count
Reticulocyte Count
Signup and view all the flashcards
Decreased Reticulocyte Count
Decreased Reticulocyte Count
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
Laboratory Investigations
- Presented by Dr. Maha Abdelkawy Fahmy, Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Beni-Suef University
- Includes various laboratory investigations, including complete blood count (CBC), tests for hemostasis, diabetes mellitus, blood chemistry, and biopsy
1- Haemogram (CBC) (Complete Blood Count)
- Includes:
- Red blood cell count (RBC/mm3)
- Hemoglobin concentration (Hb %)
- Total white blood cell count (WBC/mm3)
- Differential white blood cell count
- Platelet count
- Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
2- Tests for Haemostasis
- Testing Capillary Function (Hess test)
- Testing Platelet Function (PFA-100)
- Testing Clotting Factors (various tests)
3- Tests for Diabetes Mellitus
- Test Paper Strips
- Blood Glucose Level (casual/random, fasting)
- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
- Urinary Glucose
- Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)
- Ketoacidosis
- Self Assessment tests
4- Blood Chemistry
- Tests to check Liver function (Alkaline Phosphatase, Serum transaminases, Serum bilirubin, Blood glucose level, Blood urea nitrogen)
- Tests to check Kidney function (Blood urea nitrogen, Creatinine level, Creatinine clearance, Uric acid)
- Tests for patients with multiple jaw bone lesions (Alkaline phosphatase enzyme, Serum Ca, Serum P)
5- Biopsy
-
Microscopic examination of tissues from the living body to reach a definite diagnosis.
-
Indications:
- When careful examination fails to reach the diagnosis
- To recognize precancerous lesions
- Lesions which present clinical signs of malignancy
- Lesions that failed to respond to therapy
- To differentiate between lesions
- When there is doubt
-
Principles of Biopsy surgery:
- Anesthesia: Nerve block preferred over infiltration
- Tissue Stabilization: Specialised retractors, traction sutures, digital stabilization. Avoid crushing.
- Hemostasis: Gauze compresses adequate, Avoid Suction devices.
- Incisions: Multiple scalpels, sufficient tissue, include clinically normal tissue for comparison.
- Handling Specimen Care: Place in large mouthed bottle, use 10% formalin, for thin specimens place on glazed paper.
-
Types of Biopsy:
- Excisional
- Incisional
- Aspiration
- Punch
- Drill
- Exfoliative Cytology
- Brush
Additional Topics
-
Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells):
- Functioning: Carrying oxygen
- Maturation: Reticulocytes (1-2% of RBC count), unnucleated, no RNA
- Life Span: 120 days, destroyed in liver and spleen
- Morphology: Biconcave discs, 2 microns thick
-
Hemoglobin concentration: Normal range and conditions causing deviations
-
Leukocytes (White Blood Cells):
- Types: Neutrophils, Basophils, Eosinophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes
- Functions of different cell types
- Normal range and disorders
-
Platelet count: Normal range and conditions causing deviations
-
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR): Indicates an active disease process
-
Hepatitis B virus (HBV): Markers and interpretation
-
Hepatitis C virus (HCV): Diagnosis based on anti-HCV IgG and PCR
-
Importance of liver function tests in dentistry: Link between liver function and clotting factors, infectivity risks, and drug metabolism
-
Kidney function tests (BUN, Uric acid, Serum Creatinine): Normal ranges and associated clinical conditions (Renal failure, Gout, Cancer)
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz covers essential concepts in hematology, particularly focusing on various types of anemia, reticulocyte counts, and laboratory investigations. Test your knowledge on the causes, characteristics, and diagnostic tests associated with blood disorders and functions. Ideal for students studying medical or biological sciences.
