16 Questions
What is a possible consequence of using corticosteroids?
Neutropenia
What is a characteristic of myelodysplastic syndrome?
Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia
Which condition is associated with acquired neutropenia?
Sjogren's syndrome
What is a characteristic of acute leukemias?
Maturation arrest of hematopoietic stem cells
What is the characteristic of chronic myeloid leukemia?
Philadelphia chromosome
What is the definition of agranulocytosis?
Neutrophil count less than 1 × 109/L
What is the indication for therapeutic splenectomy?
Chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
What is the indication for therapeutic plasmapheresis?
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
What is the most common tumor of the pituitary gland?
Adenoma
In medullary thyroid cancer, which of the following levels is elevated?
Calcitonin
What are the clinical signs of myxedema coma?
Decreased mental function, hypoventilation, hypothermia, bradycardia
What is a characteristic ECG finding in hypothyroidism?
Low voltage, sinus bradycardia
What are the clinical manifestations of hypocorticism?
Hypotension, shock, hypoglycemia, vomiting, fatigue
What is a characteristic of primary hyperaldosteronism?
Suppressed renin, elevated aldosterone, diastolic hypertension, hypokalemia
What are the two most important side effects of thyrosuppressant therapy?
Toxic hepatitis and agranulocytosis
What is the basis of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome?
Hyperproduction of gastrin
Study Notes
Blood Disorders
- Neutropenia can occur as a consequence of using corticosteroids
- In myelodysplastic syndrome, there is leukopenia and thrombocytopenia
- Acquired neutropenia can be registered in patients with Sjogren's syndrome
- Philadelphia chromosome-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms include polycythemia vera, primary myelofibrosis, and others
- Acute leukemias are characterized by interruption in maturation (maturation arrest)
- The characteristic of chronic myeloid leukemia is the presence of Philadelphia chromosome
- Agranulocytosis is a condition characterized by a neutrophil count lower than 0.5 × 10^9/L
Treatment and Diagnosis
- Therapeutic splenectomy is used in the treatment of patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
- Therapeutic plasmapheresis is applied during treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Endocrine System
- Clinical manifestations of acromegaly include enlargement of acral body parts (nose, ears, feet, hands)
- The most common tumor of the pituitary gland is adenoma
- In medullary thyroid cancer, calcitonin is elevated
- Clinical signs of myxedema coma include decreased mental function, hypoventilation, hypothermia, and bradycardia
- A characteristic ECG finding in hypothyroidism is low voltage and sinus bradycardia
Adrenal Glands
- Clinical manifestations of hypocorticism include hypotension, shock, hypoglycemia, vomiting, and fatigue
- Primary hyperaldosteronism is characterized by suppressed renin, elevated aldosterone, diastolic hypertension, and hypokalemia
This quiz covers various topics related to blood disorders, including neutropenia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and anemia. Test your knowledge and understanding of these complex medical concepts.
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