Hematology and Blood Disorders Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is a possible consequence of using corticosteroids?

  • Neutrophilia
  • Eosinophilia
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Neutropenia (correct)
  • What is a characteristic of myelodysplastic syndrome?

  • Leukocytosis and thrombocytosis
  • Splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy
  • Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia (correct)
  • Hemolysis and cholelithiasis
  • Which condition is associated with acquired neutropenia?

  • Sjogren's syndrome (correct)
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Hypertension
  • What is a characteristic of acute leukemias?

    <p>Maturation arrest of hematopoietic stem cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of chronic myeloid leukemia?

    <p>Philadelphia chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of agranulocytosis?

    <p>Neutrophil count less than 1 × 109/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication for therapeutic splenectomy?

    <p>Chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication for therapeutic plasmapheresis?

    <p>Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common tumor of the pituitary gland?

    <p>Adenoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In medullary thyroid cancer, which of the following levels is elevated?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the clinical signs of myxedema coma?

    <p>Decreased mental function, hypoventilation, hypothermia, bradycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic ECG finding in hypothyroidism?

    <p>Low voltage, sinus bradycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the clinical manifestations of hypocorticism?

    <p>Hypotension, shock, hypoglycemia, vomiting, fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of primary hyperaldosteronism?

    <p>Suppressed renin, elevated aldosterone, diastolic hypertension, hypokalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two most important side effects of thyrosuppressant therapy?

    <p>Toxic hepatitis and agranulocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome?

    <p>Hyperproduction of gastrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Blood Disorders

    • Neutropenia can occur as a consequence of using corticosteroids
    • In myelodysplastic syndrome, there is leukopenia and thrombocytopenia
    • Acquired neutropenia can be registered in patients with Sjogren's syndrome
    • Philadelphia chromosome-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms include polycythemia vera, primary myelofibrosis, and others
    • Acute leukemias are characterized by interruption in maturation (maturation arrest)
    • The characteristic of chronic myeloid leukemia is the presence of Philadelphia chromosome
    • Agranulocytosis is a condition characterized by a neutrophil count lower than 0.5 × 10^9/L

    Treatment and Diagnosis

    • Therapeutic splenectomy is used in the treatment of patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
    • Therapeutic plasmapheresis is applied during treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

    Endocrine System

    • Clinical manifestations of acromegaly include enlargement of acral body parts (nose, ears, feet, hands)
    • The most common tumor of the pituitary gland is adenoma
    • In medullary thyroid cancer, calcitonin is elevated
    • Clinical signs of myxedema coma include decreased mental function, hypoventilation, hypothermia, and bradycardia
    • A characteristic ECG finding in hypothyroidism is low voltage and sinus bradycardia

    Adrenal Glands

    • Clinical manifestations of hypocorticism include hypotension, shock, hypoglycemia, vomiting, and fatigue
    • Primary hyperaldosteronism is characterized by suppressed renin, elevated aldosterone, diastolic hypertension, and hypokalemia

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    Description

    This quiz covers various topics related to blood disorders, including neutropenia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and anemia. Test your knowledge and understanding of these complex medical concepts.

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