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Questions and Answers
What is a distinctive feature of the Ionic Column?
What is a distinctive feature of the Ionic Column?
What period in ancient history is characterized by the spread of Greek culture in Asia and Europe?
What period in ancient history is characterized by the spread of Greek culture in Asia and Europe?
What is the subject matter depicted in the Athena Battling Alkyoneos sculpture?
What is the subject matter depicted in the Athena Battling Alkyoneos sculpture?
What is a characteristic of Hellenistic sculptors' depiction of the male athlete?
What is a characteristic of Hellenistic sculptors' depiction of the male athlete?
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What is a notable feature of the Seated Boxer sculpture?
What is a notable feature of the Seated Boxer sculpture?
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What is the period during which the Hellenistic sculptors were active?
What is the period during which the Hellenistic sculptors were active?
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What is a characteristic of the Corinthian column?
What is a characteristic of the Corinthian column?
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What is the significance of the Hellenistic Period in the European and Near Asian space?
What is the significance of the Hellenistic Period in the European and Near Asian space?
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Which of these periods in Ancient Greece marked the end of the Dark Age and the re-emergence of ceramic painting?
Which of these periods in Ancient Greece marked the end of the Dark Age and the re-emergence of ceramic painting?
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What is a characteristic feature of the Geometric Period in Ancient Greece?
What is a characteristic feature of the Geometric Period in Ancient Greece?
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How did the focus of art shift from the Mycenaean period to the Geometric Period?
How did the focus of art shift from the Mycenaean period to the Geometric Period?
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Which of these is NOT a sub-period of the Geometric Period?
Which of these is NOT a sub-period of the Geometric Period?
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What was the purpose of statues during the Greek era?
What was the purpose of statues during the Greek era?
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Why was it important for Greek artists to understand human anatomy?
Why was it important for Greek artists to understand human anatomy?
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What is the name of the famous statue of Athena that was located in the Parthenon?
What is the name of the famous statue of Athena that was located in the Parthenon?
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What was the purpose of the Acropolis of Athens?
What was the purpose of the Acropolis of Athens?
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What is the significance of the depiction of different ethnic groups in the Hellenistic era?
What is the significance of the depiction of different ethnic groups in the Hellenistic era?
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Which artistic technique is exemplified by the exaggerated musculature of the Dying Gaul statue?
Which artistic technique is exemplified by the exaggerated musculature of the Dying Gaul statue?
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What is the main theme conveyed by the sculpture of the Dying Gaul?
What is the main theme conveyed by the sculpture of the Dying Gaul?
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Which architectural order is associated with the Temple of Olympian Zeus?
Which architectural order is associated with the Temple of Olympian Zeus?
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What was the reason for the delayed completion of the Temple of Olympian Zeus?
What was the reason for the delayed completion of the Temple of Olympian Zeus?
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Which of the following architectural features is NOT characteristic of the Corinthian order?
Which of the following architectural features is NOT characteristic of the Corinthian order?
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How did the Hellenistic era impact the development of Greek art?
How did the Hellenistic era impact the development of Greek art?
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What is the main difference between the Dying Gaul and the Parthenon?
What is the main difference between the Dying Gaul and the Parthenon?
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Study Notes
Hellenistic Era
- Dates: 330-31 B.C.E
- Period between the death of Alexander the Great (323 BC) and the beginnings of the Roman Empire (146 BC)
- Part of the Ancient Period for the European and Near Asian space
- Characterized by the extent of the Hellenic culture in most of these areas, due to the Greek political presence especially in Asia after Alexander's conquests
Art and Architecture
- Temple of Olympian Zeus, Athens:
- Completed in 131 AD during the reign of the Roman Emperor Hadrian
- Took 638 years to complete
- Corinthian order is considered the third order of Classical architecture
- Columns:
- Corinthian columns are slender and fluted, sit atop a base
- Ionic columns are higher than Doric columns, with a base and spiral motifs on the crown
- Sculptures:
- Dying Gaul, Pergamon, Turkey (ca. 230-220 BCE):
- Depiction of a variety of ethnic groups was a new concept in Greek art
- Reflects the drama seen on the stages of the Greek amphitheaters
- Athena Battling Alkyoneos, Pergamon, Turkey (ca. 175 BCE):
- Describes the battle between gods and giants
- Deeply carved figures overlap, showing mastery of depth, space, drama, and musculature
- Seated Boxer, Bronze (c100 BCE):
- Hellenistic sculptors often rendered the common theme of the male athlete in a new way
- Depicts a heavily battered, defeated veteran with a sense of realism
- Dying Gaul, Pergamon, Turkey (ca. 230-220 BCE):
Characteristics of Hellenistic Art
- Depiction of a variety of ethnic groups
- Drama and pathos
- Exaggerated musculature
- Realism
- Mastery of depth, space, and drama
Greek Era
- Dates: Not specified
- Ancient Greek art and culture have become cornerstones of modern western society
- Underwent several distinct changes in medium, style, use, and accessibility throughout ancient Greek civilization
- Geometric Period:
- Marked the end of the Dark Age, beginning with the re-emergence of ceramic painting during the Proto-Geometric Period (ca. 1050-900 B.C.)
- Characterized by its use of geometric patterns and shapes in its iconography
- Focus shifted from fluid, amorphous shapes to more recognizable depictions of people and animals of the Athenian polis
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Description
Test your knowledge of the Hellenistic Era, a period of Greek cultural and political dominance in the Ancient Near East and Europe, characterized by iconic architectural achievements.
