The Water Chapter
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Questions and Answers

What happens to ice when it gains heat?

  • It remains unchanged
  • It becomes solid water
  • It evaporates to become water vapor
  • It melts to become liquid water (correct)

At what temperature does water transition from liquid to solid?

  • 100°C
  • 25°C
  • 0°C (correct)
  • 50°C

Which factor does NOT affect the rate of evaporation?

  • Color of the container (correct)
  • Wind strength
  • Temperature
  • Exposed surface area

How is evaporation defined?

<p>The change from liquid to gas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does increasing temperature have on the rate of evaporation?

<p>It increases the rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does tepid sponging effectively reduce fever?

<p>It lowers body temperature through evaporation of water. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes mist fans more effective in cooling the surrounding air compared to regular fans?

<p>They release tiny water droplets which evaporate. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does a boy feel colder when he exits the water after swimming?

<p>He loses heat due to evaporation of water from his skin. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does a strong wind have on the sensation of cold after swimming?

<p>It accelerates the evaporation, increasing heat loss from the body. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do rooftop gardens contribute to cooling a building?

<p>They allow water to evaporate, which cools the surrounding air. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the BC section of the graph?

<p>Heat energy is used to melt ice, keeping the temperature constant. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what temperature does ice begin to melt into water?

<p>0°C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which graph section shows a constant temperature despite gaining heat?

<p>BC (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which section of the graph does water start changing into steam?

<p>DE (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of the CD section of the graph?

<p>The beaker contains only water, and temperature increases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when water reaches its boiling point?

<p>The water undergoes a change to a gaseous state. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about the AB section of the graph?

<p>The temperature of ice increases until it reaches 0°C. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the melting point of ice as indicated in the graph?

<p>0°C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main process by which seawater is transformed into pure water in Alice's experiment?

<p>Evaporation followed by condensation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a beaker with a smaller opening recommended in the water collection setup?

<p>It reduces the risk of water spilling. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method will NOT increase the amount of pure water collected in Alice's setup?

<p>Reducing the temperature of the seawater (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to water vapor as it rises into cooler air in the atmosphere?

<p>It condenses into water droplets. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors primarily affects the rate of evaporation in the setup?

<p>Temperature of the environment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the PQ phase in the cooling process of the water?

<p>Water loses heat to the surrounding air. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At which temperature does water start to freeze?

<p>0°C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the QR phase?

<p>Water experiences no heat gain or loss. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the RS phase?

<p>Water loses heat to the cold air in the freezer. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the ST phase of water cooling?

<p>The temperature remains constant during freezing. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the state of water change after the TU phase?

<p>All water has frozen into ice. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about the heat transfer during the cooling of water?

<p>Heat is lost during the cooling process, both in air and in the freezer. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be concluded about the freezing process of water?

<p>Freezing involves a constant temperature until all water turns to ice. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes a mirror to become cloudy after a warm shower?

<p>Warm water vapor condenses on a cooler mirror surface. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do spectacles become misty when leaving an air-conditioned bus?

<p>Cool spectacles encounter warmer outdoor air. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon causes water droplets to form on the outer surface of a glass of cold drink?

<p>The outer surface becomes cooler than the surrounding air. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What explains the formation of water droplets on a car left outdoors overnight?

<p>The cooler air at night cools the car's surface. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What creates the 'white mist' observed when breathing out in winter?

<p>The cooler air condenses warmer water vapor from breath. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What results in a 'white mist' near the spout of a boiling kettle?

<p>Steam loses heat to cooler surrounding air. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does a 'white mist' form around popsicles taken out of the freezer?

<p>Warmer air condenses around the cold popsicles. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do water droplets form on the underside of a lid on a pot of hot soup?

<p>The soup evaporates and cools the lid. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physical process is involved when water vapor condenses on a cold surface?

<p>Condensation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario do water droplets not form?

<p>When the surrounding air is warmer than the surface. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Water's Solid State

Water in its solid form, like ice or snow, at or below 0°C

Evaporation

Liquid water turning into water vapor (gas) at temperatures below boiling point.

Evaporation-Wind

Strong winds increase the speed of evaporation from a liquid's surface.

Evaporation-Surface Area

Larger surface areas cause faster evaporation.

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Evaporation-Temperature

Higher temperatures result in faster evaporation.

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Melting of Ice

The change of state of ice from solid to liquid.

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Melting Point of Ice

The temperature (0°C) at which ice changes to water.

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Boiling of Water

The change of state of water from liquid to gas (steam).

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Boiling Point of Water

The temperature (100°C) at which water changes to steam.

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State Change

Transformation of a substance from one state (solid, liquid, or gas) to another.

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Heat Energy

Energy that causes a change in temperature.

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Temperature Increase (Ice)

Ice gains heat and it's temperature increases from -x to 0°C

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Temperature remains constant (melting)

During melting, the heat is absorbed to melt the ice without temperature change

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Water's Freezing Point

0°C, the temperature where water changes from liquid to solid (ice).

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Water's Liquid State

Water in a liquid form, like a glass of water.

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Temperature Changes (Cooling)

Water's temperature decreases as heat leaves it and cools to the surroundings.

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Freezing Process

The phase change of water from liquid to solid (ice) at 0°C

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Constant Temperature During Freezing

The temperature of water remains constant at 0°C during the entire freezing process until all liquid water is turned into ice.

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Heat Loss and Temperature

Water loses heat to the environment, causing its temperature to decrease.

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Water Cycle Purpose

The water cycle continuously provides fresh water for all living things.

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Evaporation Process

Water absorbs heat from the sun and transforms into water vapor.

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Condensation Process

As water vapor rises, it cools and changes back into tiny water droplets, forming clouds.

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Seawater Purification

A process that separates pure water from seawater using evaporation and condensation.

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Smaller Opening, More Water?

A smaller opening on a beaker collecting condensed water results in more water collected, due to a larger surface area of seawater allowing for more evaporation.

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Tepid Sponging

Using a wet towel to cool down a feverish body. The water absorbs heat from the body, evaporates, and lowers the body temperature.

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Mist Fan Cooling

A mist fan uses tiny water droplets that evaporate, taking heat away from the air and making it cooler than a regular fan.

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Why Swimming Feels Cold Afterward?

Water on your skin absorbs heat from your body and evaporates, causing a drop in your body temperature.

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Wind & Evaporation

Wind speeds up the evaporation of water on the skin, causing a faster heat loss and making you feel colder.

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Rooftop Gardens: Cooling Effect

Plants and soil in rooftop gardens use water that absorbs heat from the surrounding air, lowering its temperature.

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Condensation

When warm water vapor (gas) cools down and changes into tiny water droplets.

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What makes a mirror get cloudy?

Warm water vapor from a shower condenses on the cooler mirror surface, forming tiny water droplets.

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Why do spectacles get misty?

The cooler spectacles condense warm water vapor from the air, making them foggy.

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What causes water droplets on a cold drink?

The cold drink cools the glass, causing warm air to condense on its surface.

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Why is there condensation at night?

A car cools down overnight, leading to condensation of warm air on its cooler surface.

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Why does our breath become a 'white mist' in winter?

Warm breath condenses in the cold air, forming tiny water droplets visible as a mist.

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How does a boiling kettle create mist?

Steam from the kettle condenses in the cooler air, creating tiny water droplets called mist.

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Why do popsicles create mist?

Warm air around the ice-cold popsicle condenses, forming a 'white mist'.

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Why does water collect under a hot soup lid?

Warm water vapor from the soup condenses on the cooler underside of the lid.

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What is the key factor in condensation?

A difference in temperature. Warm water vapor condenses when it comes in contact with a cooler surface.

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