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Heat Engines and Material Science Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a heat engine?

To convert heat energy into work (correct)

To transfer heat from one place to another

To store heat energy for future use

To convert work into heat energy

Which stage of a steam turbine process involves converting high-pressure steam back into liquid?

Condensation (correct)

Expansion

Pumping

Heating/boiling

What is a defining characteristic of a diesel engine compared to a petrol engine?

It ignites fuel mixed with air using a spark plug

It does not use air in the combustion process

It operates at lower temperatures

It generally has a higher efficiency (correct)

In the context of heat pumps and refrigerators, what does COP stand for?

Coefficient of Performance Signup and view all the answers

What does a higher COP indicate for a refrigerator?

Higher cooling efficiency with reduced electricity use Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a known inefficiency in real systems regarding heat pumps?

Fuel combustion loss Signup and view all the answers

What process occurs during isothermal compression in the reverse Carnot cycle?

Heat is rejected to the surroundings at a high temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is a common factor that can help maximize the COP in heat pumps and refrigerators?

Optimizing the circulation of refrigerant Signup and view all the answers

What does the elastic limit of a material indicate?

The maximum force the material can withstand before permanent deformation occurs. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes ductile materials?

Materials that can be drawn into wires or thin sheets without breaking. Signup and view all the answers

What is represented on a stress-strain curve in materials science?

The relationship between the applied force and the resulting deformation of a material. Signup and view all the answers

How is Young's Modulus defined?

The ratio of stress to strain within the elastic limit of a material. Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon describes the failure of materials due to repeated stress cycles?

Fatigue failure. Signup and view all the answers

Which material property does plastic flow relate to?

The viscosity change of a material in response to stress. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about elastomers is true?

They can return to their original shape after being stretched. Signup and view all the answers

What does work hardening refer to in materials science?

The increase in a material's resistance to deformation through repeated stress. Signup and view all the answers