Heat Engine Components and Efficiency

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Questions and Answers

What are the two primary types of fuels used in internal combustion engines?

Petrol and Diesel

Which of the following is NOT a part of the internal combustion process?

  • Intake
  • Power
  • Evaporation (correct)
  • Compression

Flashcards

Heat Source

The part of a heat engine that provides heat at a high temperature.

Working Substance/Fluid

The substance inside the heat engine that absorbs heat, does work, and releases heat.

Heat Sink

The part of a heat engine that absorbs remaining heat at a lower temperature.

Q1

The heat absorbed by the working substance from the heat source.

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Q2

The heat released by the working substance to the heat sink.

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W

The amount of work done by the heat engine.

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W = Q1 - Q2

The relationship between heat absorbed, heat released, and work done in a heat engine.

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Working Substance

Any substance, like fuel, that acts as the medium for heat transfer and work in a heat engine.

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Petrol Engine

A type of heat engine that uses petrol as the working substance.

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Diesel Engine

A type of heat engine that uses diesel as the working substance.

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Gas Engine

A type of heat engine that uses gas as the working substance.

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T1 or Tk

The temperature of the heat source in a heat engine.

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T2 or T2,k

The temperature of the heat sink in a heat engine.

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Heat Absorption

The process of absorbing heat from the heat source in a heat engine.

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Heat Release

The process of releasing heat to the heat sink in a heat engine.

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Net Work

The difference between the heat absorbed and the heat released in a heat engine.

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Study Notes

Heat Engine Components

  • A heat engine has three main parts: heat source, working substance, and heat sink
  • Heat source (T1K): provides heat to the working substance
  • Working substance: converts heat into work
  • Heat sink (T2K): absorbs waste heat from the working substance

Heat Engine Processes

  • Heat is absorbed from the heat source, converting some into work.
  • The remaining heat is expelled to the heat sink.
  • Net work done = heat absorbed - heat expelled
  • Q1 = heat absorbed from source
  • Q2 = heat released to sink
  • W = net work done

Heat Engine Efficiency

  • Efficiency = (Work output) / (Heat input)
  • Efficiency = (Q1 - Q2) / Q1

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