CVS part 1

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Which of the following is correct regarding heart surfaces ?

Anterior= base

Inferior= apex

Posterior= base (correct)

Medial= diaphragmatic

Where does the superior vena cava (SVC) drain?

Into the left ventricle

Into the right atrium (correct)

Into the right ventricle

Into the left atrium

At what vertebral level does the inferior vena cava (IVC) pass through the central tendon of the diaphragm?

L3

T8 (correct)

T5

T12

How many pulmonary veins transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium?

4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the lack of valves in the superior vena cava (SVC)?

To facilitate the flow of blood in the direction of gravity Signup and view all the answers

Where does the left pulmonary artery go?

To the left lung Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the inferior vena cava (IVC)?

To transport venous blood from the abdomen, pelvis and lower limbs Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ascending aorta?

To transport oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the descending aorta is correct?

It begins to the left of the vertebral bodies and moves anteriorly as it descends Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is contained within the pericardial sac?

Ascending aorta Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct order of the branches arising from the arch of the aorta?

Brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between arteries and veins?

Arteries have thicker walls than veins. Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the arterial wall is the most prominent in elastic arteries?

Tunica media Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of elastic arteries?

Transport blood from the heart to arterioles. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the tunica adventitia is correct?

It is loose connective tissue that blends with surrounding tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pericytes in capillaries?

To control systemic blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the heart tube is responsible for the venous inflow into the heart?

Sinus venosus Signup and view all the answers

What process results in the formation of the atrioventricular groove in the developing heart?

Growth and folding of the bulbus cordis and primitive ventricle Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is responsible for partitioning the atrium into left and right chambers during heart development?

Endocardial cushions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the partitioning of the bulbus cordis and truncus arteriosus is correct?

It results in the formation of the aorta and pulmonary artery Signup and view all the answers

What does the Right Marginal Branch of the Right Coronary Artery supply?

Left ventricle (diaphragmatic part only) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following veins is responsible for draining the majority of the venous blood from the heart?

Coronary sinus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following branches of the left coronary artery gives rise to the left marginal branch?

Circumflex branch Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following veins is associated with the posterior interventricular artery?

Middle cardiac vein Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells line the endocardium?

Simple squamous Signup and view all the answers

What is the earliest significant lesion in the formation of atherosclerosis?

Fatty streak Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cell type found in fatty streaks in the arterial wall?

Foam cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a type of muscle in the ventricles?

Oblique Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following breaks down fibrin?

Plasmin Signup and view all the answers