Heart Physiology: The Cardiac Cycle
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Questions and Answers

During diastole in the cardiac cycle, what happens?

  • Ventricles contract forcing blood up and out of the heart arteries
  • AV valves shut
  • Atria contract simultaneously to complete the filling of ventricles
  • Atria and ventricles fill with blood (correct)
  • Where is the sinoatrial (SA) node located?

  • In the wall of the right atrium (correct)
  • In the right and left bundle branches
  • In the interventricular septum
  • In the junction of the R & L atria
  • What is the function of the atrioventricular (AV) node in the heart's conduction system?

  • To fill the ventricles with blood
  • To contract simultaneously with atria
  • To regulate heart wall contractions via electrical impulses (correct)
  • To cause AV valves to shut
  • Which part of the heart acts as a 'pacemaker' due to its role in generating electrical impulses?

    <p>Sinoatrial (SA) node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the semilunar valves to shut during the cardiac cycle?

    <p>Backflow in the aorta &amp; pulmonary arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of the bundle branches in the heart's conduction system?

    <p>To carry nerve impulses affecting contractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the heart's electrical conduction system is responsible for depolarizing the atria?

    <p>SA node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)?

    <p>Recording the electrical changes in the myocardium during a cardiac cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition results in an irregular and often rapid heart rate, leading to decreased blood flow?

    <p>Fibrillation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for cardiac output?

    <p>(Heart rate) x (Stroke volume)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions can lead to abnormalities or damage to the heart's structure?

    <p>None of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a heart rate of more than 100 beats per minute?

    <p>Tachycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?

    <p>(Heart rate) x (Stroke volume)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is cardiac output regulated in the body?

    <p>By changing the heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors can lead to an increase in heart rate?

    <p>High blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does digitalis work in congestive heart failure?

    <p>It provides a slow and steady beat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the parasympathetic nervous system in regulating heart rate?

    <p>Decreases heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often does the entire blood supply pass through the body?

    <p>Every 60 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

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