Heart Conditions and Valves Quiz

<p>Inability to properly oxygenate blood. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Backward pressure onto veins and increased CO2 levels. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It prevents the proper closure, causing a constant blood flow to the lungs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxygen is taken from arterioles and carbon dioxide is released into venules. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>S2 indicates the closing of the pulmonary valves. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dilation is less severe than stenosis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased rate of oxygenation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>HDL is responsible for reverse cholesterol transport. (C), LDL carries cholesterol from the liver to the body organs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduced salt intake (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Death of cardiac muscle due to insufficient blood supply (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enlarged heart over time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Valves open during diastole to allow blood flow. They prevent backflow.

A valve opening becomes too narrow, impeding blood flow.

Narrowed tricuspid valve leads to increased right atrial pressure, reduced right ventricle filling, and reduced lung oxygenation.

Increased carbon dioxide in the blood leads to cyanosis (bluish/purple skin color).

Red blood cells live for 120 days.

A dilated pulmonary valve (PV) cannot close completely, allowing continuous blood flow to the lungs. This leads to increased lung pressure and enhanced oxygenation.

Dilation is a widening of a valve opening, while stenosis is a narrowing. Dilation is less severe than stenosis, and heart attacks are more common with stenosis.

Capillaries play a crucial role in gas exchange. Pulmonary arteries lead to arterioles, which connect to capillaries. Oxygen from the arterioles enters the capillaries, while carbon dioxide from the lung cells is sent into the venules of the pulmonary veins.

The "Lub" sound (S1) is created by the closure of the tricuspid and mitral valves. The "Dub" sound (S2) is created by the closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves.

Oxygenated blood, after passing through the pulmonary capillaries, flows to the left atrium (LA). This blood is then pumped to the rest of the body.

The first heart sound, caused by the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves.

The second heart sound, caused by the closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves.

The pressure of blood against the walls of blood vessels, mainly arteries.

High blood pressure, often due to cholesterol buildup or blockages in arteries.

A myocardial infarction (MI), where cardiac muscle dies due to lack of blood flow, damaging cells and affecting the heart's function.