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Questions and Answers
What are the functions of the circulatory system?
What are the functions of the circulatory system?
Where is the heart located?
Where is the heart located?
What is the function of the pericardial sac?
What is the function of the pericardial sac?
Which layer of the heart wall is composed of cardiac muscle?
Which layer of the heart wall is composed of cardiac muscle?
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What is the main function of the endocardium?
What is the main function of the endocardium?
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What is the role of the fibrous pericardium?
What is the role of the fibrous pericardium?
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What forms the fluid-filled pericardial cavity?
What forms the fluid-filled pericardial cavity?
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Which layer of the heart wall is fused to the myocardium?
Which layer of the heart wall is fused to the myocardium?
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What reinforces the myocardium?
What reinforces the myocardium?
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What lines the inner surface of the heart and blood vessels?
What lines the inner surface of the heart and blood vessels?
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What is the main function of erythrocytes (RBC)?
What is the main function of erythrocytes (RBC)?
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Where are erythrocytes (RBC) produced?
Where are erythrocytes (RBC) produced?
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What is the main component of plasma in blood?
What is the main component of plasma in blood?
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What is the function of albumins in blood plasma?
What is the function of albumins in blood plasma?
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What is the function of venules in the circulatory system?
What is the function of venules in the circulatory system?
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What is the primary function of arterioles in the circulatory system?
What is the primary function of arterioles in the circulatory system?
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Where are leucocytes (WBC) primarily produced?
Where are leucocytes (WBC) primarily produced?
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What is the main function of leucocytes (WBC)?
What is the main function of leucocytes (WBC)?
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What is the main difference between arteries and veins?
What is the main difference between arteries and veins?
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What is the site of gas and nutrient exchange in the circulatory system?
What is the site of gas and nutrient exchange in the circulatory system?
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What are the components of the fibrous (cardiac) skeleton?
What are the components of the fibrous (cardiac) skeleton?
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Which blood vessels are involved in coronary circulation?
Which blood vessels are involved in coronary circulation?
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What is the structure of arteries and veins?
What is the structure of arteries and veins?
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What is the role of the pulmonary circuit?
What is the role of the pulmonary circuit?
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What is the composition of cardiac muscle cells?
What is the composition of cardiac muscle cells?
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What are the components of the adult circulation?
What are the components of the adult circulation?
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What is the function of the systemic circuit?
What is the function of the systemic circuit?
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What are the components of fetal circulation?
What are the components of fetal circulation?
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What are the components of the heart valves?
What are the components of the heart valves?
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What is the structure of blood vessels?
What is the structure of blood vessels?
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Study Notes
The Heart and Circulatory System
- The heart has four chambers: two atria and two ventricles, separated by septa.
- Blood vessels entering/exiting the heart include the superior and inferior vena cava, pulmonary trunk, pulmonary veins, and aorta.
- Coronary circulation supplies myocardium with O2 and nutrients through left and right coronary arteries.
- Heart valves include atrioventricular valves (bicuspid and tricuspid) and semilunar valves.
- The fibrous (cardiac) skeleton forms solid rings around the valves and creates a firm site for cardiac muscle attachment.
- Cardiac muscle cells consist of 99% contractile cells and 1% non-contractile cells (sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, atrioventricular bundle, Purkinje fibers).
- The adult circulation is a closed, dual-circuit system with one-way blood flow.
- The pulmonary circuit is for oxygenation of the blood, while the systemic circuit sends oxygenated blood to all other tissues.
- Fetal circulation involves the exchange of O2, nutrients, and wastes with the mother at the placenta, and the bypassing of the fetal lungs.
- Blood vessels have a general structure of tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica externa.
- Arteries and veins have different functions and structures.
- Fetal circulation involves specializations such as the ductus venosus, ductus arteriosus, and foramen ovale.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the heart and circulatory system with this quiz. Explore topics such as heart chambers, blood vessels, coronary circulation, cardiac muscle, circulation circuits, fetal circulation, and blood vessel structure. Perfect for students and enthusiasts of human anatomy and physiology.
