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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of the heart?
Which chamber receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
What happens during diastole?
What is the function of the tricuspid valve?
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Which valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta?
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Deoxygenated blood from the body enters which chamber?
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During systole, which valves are open?
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What is the final destination of deoxygenated blood in the heart?
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What is the function of the sinoatrial node in the heart?
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Which blood vessel distributes oxygenated blood throughout the body?
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What is the purpose of the atrioventricular node?
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Which structure separates the left and right atria of the heart?
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What is the purpose of the bundle of His?
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Where does oxygenated blood return to the heart from the lungs?
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What is the function of the Purkinje fibers?
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What is the result of the heart's pumping action?
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Study Notes
Heart Anatomy
- The heart is a muscular organ located in the chest cavity, between the lungs.
- It consists of four chambers: right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle.
Heart Chambers
- Right Atrium: receives deoxygenated blood from the body through the superior and inferior vena cava.
- Right Ventricle: pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs via the pulmonary artery for oxygenation.
- Left Atrium: receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the pulmonary veins.
- Left Ventricle: pumps oxygenated blood to the body through the aorta.
Heart Valves
- Tricuspid Valve: located between the right atrium and right ventricle.
- Pulmonary Valve: located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.
- Mitral Valve: located between the left atrium and left ventricle.
- Aortic Valve: located between the left ventricle and the aorta.
The Cardiac Cycle
- Diastole: heart muscles relax, and chambers fill with blood.
- Systole: heart muscles contract, and blood is pumped out of the heart.
Blood Flow Through the Heart
- Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium through the superior and inferior vena cava.
- Blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve.
- Blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs through the pulmonary valve.
- Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium via the pulmonary veins.
- Blood flows from the left atrium to the left ventricle through the mitral valve.
- Blood is pumped from the left ventricle to the body through the aortic valve.
Electrical Conduction System
- The heart's pumping action is regulated by its electrical conduction system.
- Sinoatrial (SA) Node: generates electrical impulses that initiate each heartbeat.
- Atrioventricular (AV) Node: receives impulses from the SA node and delays them slightly.
- Bundle of His: transmits impulses from the AV node to the ventricles.
- Purkinje Fibers: spread the impulse throughout the ventricles, causing them to contract and pump blood.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the heart's structure and function, including its chambers and blood flow.
