Heart Anatomy Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the anterior side of the heart?

Base

Apex

Ventricle

Auricle (correct)

What is the term for the posterior side of the heart?

Posterior

What is the base of the heart?

Base

What is the apex of the heart?

Apex Signup and view all the answers

What are coronary arteries?

Coronary arteries Signup and view all the answers

What are coronary veins?

Coronary veins Signup and view all the answers

What is an auricle in the context of heart anatomy?

Auricle Signup and view all the answers

What is the pulmonary trunk?

Pulmonary trunk Signup and view all the answers

What is the tricuspid valve?

Tricuspid valve Signup and view all the answers

What is the bicuspid valve?

Bicuspid valve Signup and view all the answers

What are chordae tendineae?

Chordae tendineae Signup and view all the answers

What are papillary muscles?

Papillary muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the interventricular septum?

Interventricular septum Signup and view all the answers

What is the right atrium?

Right atrium Signup and view all the answers

What is the left atrium?

Left atrium Signup and view all the answers

What is the right ventricle?

Right ventricle Signup and view all the answers

What is the left ventricle?

Left ventricle Signup and view all the answers

What are trabeculae carneae?

Trabeculae carneae Signup and view all the answers

What is the aorta?

Aorta Signup and view all the answers

What is the aortic semilunar valve?

Aortic semilunar valve Signup and view all the answers

What is the superior vena cava?

Superior vena cava Signup and view all the answers

What is the inferior vena cava?

Inferior vena cava Signup and view all the answers

What are pulmonary veins?

Pulmonary veins Signup and view all the answers

What is the pulmonary semilunar valve?

Pulmonary semilunar valve Signup and view all the answers

What is the left pulmonary veins?

Left pulmonary veins Signup and view all the answers

What is the left pulmonary arteries?

Left pulmonary arteries Signup and view all the answers

What is the ligamentum arteriosum?

Ligamentum arteriosum Signup and view all the answers

What is the coronary sinus?

Coronary sinus Signup and view all the answers

What is the great cardiac vein?

Great cardiac vein Signup and view all the answers

What is the middle cardiac vein?

Middle cardiac vein Signup and view all the answers

What is the small cardiac vein?

Small cardiac vein Signup and view all the answers

What is the fossa ovalis?

Fossa ovalis Signup and view all the answers

What are cusps in a valve?

Cusps Signup and view all the answers

What is the myocardium?

Myocardium Signup and view all the answers

What is pectinate muscle?

Pectinate muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the moderator band?

Moderator band Signup and view all the answers

What is the anterior interventricular sulcus?

Anterior interventricular sulcus Signup and view all the answers

What is the posterior interventricular sulcus?

Posterior interventricular sulcus Signup and view all the answers

What is the interatrial septum?

Interatrial septum Signup and view all the answers

What is foramen ovale?

Foramen ovale Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Heart Anatomy Terms

Anterior: Refers to the front side of the heart.
Posterior: Indicates the back side of the heart.
Base: The broad upper part of the heart where major blood vessels attach.
Apex: The pointed lower part of the heart, directed toward the left side.

Coronary Circulation

Coronary Arteries: Supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.
Coronary Veins: Drain deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle back to the right atrium.

Heart Chambers and Valves

Auricle: Flap-like structure that increases the volume of the atria.
Pulmonary Trunk: Large vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
Tricuspid Valve: Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle; prevents backflow of blood.
Bicuspid Valve (Mitral Valve): Connects the left atrium to the left ventricle; prevents backflow into the atrium.

Structural Features

Chordae Tendineae: Tendon-like cords that anchor the heart valves.
Papillary Muscles: Muscle projections that contract to tighten chordae tendineae and stabilize valves.
Interventricular Septum: Thick wall separating the left and right ventricles.
Right Atrium: Receives deoxygenated blood from the body via superior and inferior vena cava.
Left Atrium: Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via pulmonary veins.

Ventricles

Right Ventricle: Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary trunk.
Left Ventricle: Pumps oxygenated blood to the body through the aorta.

Other Terminology

Trabeculae Carneae: Muscular ridges on the ventricular walls that support heart function.
Aorta: Major artery that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body.
Aortic Semilunar Valve: Opens to allow blood to flow from the left ventricle into the aorta.
Superior Vena Cava: Returns deoxygenated blood from the head, arms, and upper body to the right atrium.
Inferior Vena Cava: Returns deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the right atrium.

Coronary Arteries and Veins

Left Coronary Artery: Branches off the aorta; supplies blood to the left side of the heart.
Great Cardiac Vein: Drains blood from the anterior part of the heart into the coronary sinus.
Middle Cardiac Vein: Drains blood from the posterior part of the heart; lies in the posterior interventricular sulcus.
Small Cardiac Vein: Drains the right atrium and ventricle; located between the great and middle cardiac veins.

Fetal Structures and Changes

Foramen Ovale: Opening between the right and left atria in fetal development; closes at birth to form the fossa ovalis.
Fossa Ovalis: Remnant of the foramen ovale; a shallow depression in the interatrial septum.

Positioning and Features on Models

Coronary Sulcus: A groove that marks the division between atria and ventricles.
Interatrial Septum: Wall that divides the left and right atria.
Anterior/Posterior Interventricular Sulcus: Grooves indicating the division of ventricles.

Additional Structures

Ligamentum Arteriosum: Remnant of the ductus arteriosus linking the aorta and pulmonary trunk in fetal circulation.
Pectinate Muscle: Muscles found in the walls of the atria that aid in contraction.

Key Vessel Functions

Pulmonary Arteries: Branch from the pulmonary trunk; carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
Pulmonary Veins: Return oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium.

These notes cover essential anatomical terms, structural features, circulatory pathways, and embryonic development related to the heart.

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Explore key terms related to heart anatomy with these flashcards. Each card presents a specific term associated with the heart, including its definition. Perfect for medical students or anyone interested in cardiovascular studies.