Questions and Answers
What is the anterior side of the heart?
What is the term for the posterior side of the heart?
Posterior
What is the base of the heart?
Base
What is the apex of the heart?
Signup and view all the answers
What are coronary arteries?
Signup and view all the answers
What are coronary veins?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an auricle in the context of heart anatomy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the pulmonary trunk?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the tricuspid valve?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the bicuspid valve?
Signup and view all the answers
What are chordae tendineae?
Signup and view all the answers
What are papillary muscles?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the interventricular septum?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the right atrium?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the left atrium?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the right ventricle?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the left ventricle?
Signup and view all the answers
What are trabeculae carneae?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the aorta?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the aortic semilunar valve?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the superior vena cava?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the inferior vena cava?
Signup and view all the answers
What are pulmonary veins?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the pulmonary semilunar valve?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the left pulmonary veins?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the left pulmonary arteries?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the ligamentum arteriosum?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the coronary sinus?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the great cardiac vein?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the middle cardiac vein?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the small cardiac vein?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the fossa ovalis?
Signup and view all the answers
What are cusps in a valve?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the myocardium?
Signup and view all the answers
What is pectinate muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the function of the moderator band?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the anterior interventricular sulcus?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the posterior interventricular sulcus?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the interatrial septum?
Signup and view all the answers
What is foramen ovale?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Heart Anatomy Terms
- Anterior: Refers to the front side of the heart.
- Posterior: Indicates the back side of the heart.
- Base: The broad upper part of the heart where major blood vessels attach.
- Apex: The pointed lower part of the heart, directed toward the left side.
Coronary Circulation
- Coronary Arteries: Supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.
- Coronary Veins: Drain deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle back to the right atrium.
Heart Chambers and Valves
- Auricle: Flap-like structure that increases the volume of the atria.
- Pulmonary Trunk: Large vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
- Tricuspid Valve: Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle; prevents backflow of blood.
- Bicuspid Valve (Mitral Valve): Connects the left atrium to the left ventricle; prevents backflow into the atrium.
Structural Features
- Chordae Tendineae: Tendon-like cords that anchor the heart valves.
- Papillary Muscles: Muscle projections that contract to tighten chordae tendineae and stabilize valves.
- Interventricular Septum: Thick wall separating the left and right ventricles.
- Right Atrium: Receives deoxygenated blood from the body via superior and inferior vena cava.
- Left Atrium: Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via pulmonary veins.
Ventricles
- Right Ventricle: Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary trunk.
- Left Ventricle: Pumps oxygenated blood to the body through the aorta.
Other Terminology
- Trabeculae Carneae: Muscular ridges on the ventricular walls that support heart function.
- Aorta: Major artery that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body.
- Aortic Semilunar Valve: Opens to allow blood to flow from the left ventricle into the aorta.
- Superior Vena Cava: Returns deoxygenated blood from the head, arms, and upper body to the right atrium.
- Inferior Vena Cava: Returns deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the right atrium.
Coronary Arteries and Veins
- Left Coronary Artery: Branches off the aorta; supplies blood to the left side of the heart.
- Great Cardiac Vein: Drains blood from the anterior part of the heart into the coronary sinus.
- Middle Cardiac Vein: Drains blood from the posterior part of the heart; lies in the posterior interventricular sulcus.
- Small Cardiac Vein: Drains the right atrium and ventricle; located between the great and middle cardiac veins.
Fetal Structures and Changes
- Foramen Ovale: Opening between the right and left atria in fetal development; closes at birth to form the fossa ovalis.
- Fossa Ovalis: Remnant of the foramen ovale; a shallow depression in the interatrial septum.
Positioning and Features on Models
- Coronary Sulcus: A groove that marks the division between atria and ventricles.
- Interatrial Septum: Wall that divides the left and right atria.
- Anterior/Posterior Interventricular Sulcus: Grooves indicating the division of ventricles.
Additional Structures
- Ligamentum Arteriosum: Remnant of the ductus arteriosus linking the aorta and pulmonary trunk in fetal circulation.
- Pectinate Muscle: Muscles found in the walls of the atria that aid in contraction.
Key Vessel Functions
- Pulmonary Arteries: Branch from the pulmonary trunk; carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
- Pulmonary Veins: Return oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium.
These notes cover essential anatomical terms, structural features, circulatory pathways, and embryonic development related to the heart.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore key terms related to heart anatomy with these flashcards. Each card presents a specific term associated with the heart, including its definition. Perfect for medical students or anyone interested in cardiovascular studies.
