32 Questions
Approximately how large is the heart?
The size of your fist
Where is the heart located in relation to the diaphragm?
Superior
Which direction from the midline is the heart mostly positioned?
Left
Which anatomical structure is anterior to the heart?
The sternum
Which anatomical structure lies posterior to the heart?
The vertebral column
Which valve is also known as the right atrioventricular valve?
Tricuspid valve
Which valve prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle?
Pulmonary semilunar valve
Where is the bicuspid valve located?
Between the left atrium and left ventricle
Which valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta?
Aortic semilunar valve
What is another name for the bicuspid valve?
Mitral valve
What is the function of the visceral layer of the pericardium?
Lines the surface of the heart
Which structure is not part of the heart anatomy?
Epiglottis
What structure is labeled alongside the diaphragm in the lateral view of the heart?
Pulmonary trunk
What separates the parietal layer of the pericardium from the visceral layer?
Pericardial cavity
Which view shows the heart along with the rib cage and sternum?
Schematic representation within the chest cavity
Which structure lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium?
Parietal layer
What is the primary function of the atria in the heart?
Receiving blood returning to the heart
From where does blood enter the right atrium?
Superior and inferior venae cavae and coronary sinus
What marks the ventricular walls?
Papillary muscles and trabeculae carneae muscles
Into which vessel does the right ventricle pump blood?
Pulmonary trunk
Which structure is part of the Gross Anatomy of Heart: Frontal Section?
Right pulmonary artery
Which valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle?
Mitral (bicuspid) valve
Where is the tricuspid valve located?
Between the right atrium and right ventricle
Which structures are also known as the semilunar valves?
Aortic and pulmonary valves
What prevents the backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium?
Tricuspid valve
What characterizes the function of heart valves?
Allow blood to flow in only one direction
Which vessels return blood to the heart?
Superior and inferior venae cavae
Which vessel conveys blood away from the heart and splits into right and left pulmonary arteries?
Pulmonary trunk
Which of the following is a branch of the ascending aorta?
Left common carotid
Which vessel is labeled as being in the right atrioventricular groove?
Right coronary artery
Where is the anterior interventricular artery located?
In anterior interventricular sulcus
What is the position of the left coronary artery?
In left atrioventricular groove
Study Notes
Heart Anatomy
- The heart is approximately the size of a fist
- Located on the superior surface of the diaphragm, left of the midline, and anterior to the vertebral column, posterior to the sternum
Pericardium
- A double-walled sac around the heart
- Composed of a superficial fibrous pericardium and a deep two-layer serous pericardium
- The serous pericardium has a parietal layer lining the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium and a visceral layer (epicardium) lining the surface of the heart
- The pericardial cavity is a fluid-filled space between the parietal and visceral layers
The Heart Wall
- No explicit information provided
Major Vessels of the Heart
- Vessels returning blood to the heart include:
- Superior and inferior venae cavae
- Right and left pulmonary veins
- Vessels conveying blood away from the heart include:
- Pulmonary trunk, which splits into right and left pulmonary arteries
- Ascending aorta (three branches) - brachiocephalic, left common carotid, and subclavian arteries
Atria and Ventricles of the Heart
- Atria are the receiving chambers of the heart
- Each atrium has a protruding auricle
- Blood enters right atria from superior and inferior venae cavae and coronary sinus
- Blood enters left atria from pulmonary veins
- Ventricles are the discharging chambers of the heart
- Papillary muscles and trabeculae carneae muscles mark ventricular walls
- Right ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary trunk
- Left ventricle pumps blood into the aorta
Heart Valves
- Allow blood to flow in only one direction
- Atrioventricular valves:
- Bicuspid valve (left)
- Tricuspid valve (right)
- Semilunar valves:
- Pulmonary semilunar valve
- Aortic semilunar valve
Anatomical Illustration of the Heart
- The heart is located in the chest cavity, surrounded by the rib cage, sternum, and diaphragm
- Lateral view of the heart shows the heart along with the right and left lungs
- Labelled structures:
- Superior vena cava
- Left lung
- Aorta
- Parietal pleura (cut)
- Pulmonary trunk
- Parietal pericardium (cut)
- Apex of heart
- Diaphragm
Explore the anatomy and structure of the heart, including its size and location, and learn about the pericardium, a double-walled sac surrounding the heart.
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