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Questions and Answers
Approximately how large is the heart?
Approximately how large is the heart?
- The size of a football
- The size of a basketball
- The size of an apple
- The size of your fist (correct)
Where is the heart located in relation to the diaphragm?
Where is the heart located in relation to the diaphragm?
- Anterior
- Posterior
- Superior (correct)
- Inferior
Which direction from the midline is the heart mostly positioned?
Which direction from the midline is the heart mostly positioned?
- Center
- Directly on the midline
- Left (correct)
- Right
Which anatomical structure is anterior to the heart?
Which anatomical structure is anterior to the heart?
Which anatomical structure lies posterior to the heart?
Which anatomical structure lies posterior to the heart?
Which valve is also known as the right atrioventricular valve?
Which valve is also known as the right atrioventricular valve?
Which valve prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle?
Which valve prevents backflow of blood into the right ventricle?
Where is the bicuspid valve located?
Where is the bicuspid valve located?
Which valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta?
Which valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta?
What is another name for the bicuspid valve?
What is another name for the bicuspid valve?
What is the function of the visceral layer of the pericardium?
What is the function of the visceral layer of the pericardium?
Which structure is not part of the heart anatomy?
Which structure is not part of the heart anatomy?
What structure is labeled alongside the diaphragm in the lateral view of the heart?
What structure is labeled alongside the diaphragm in the lateral view of the heart?
What separates the parietal layer of the pericardium from the visceral layer?
What separates the parietal layer of the pericardium from the visceral layer?
Which view shows the heart along with the rib cage and sternum?
Which view shows the heart along with the rib cage and sternum?
Which structure lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium?
Which structure lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium?
What is the primary function of the atria in the heart?
What is the primary function of the atria in the heart?
From where does blood enter the right atrium?
From where does blood enter the right atrium?
What marks the ventricular walls?
What marks the ventricular walls?
Into which vessel does the right ventricle pump blood?
Into which vessel does the right ventricle pump blood?
Which structure is part of the Gross Anatomy of Heart: Frontal Section?
Which structure is part of the Gross Anatomy of Heart: Frontal Section?
Which valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle?
Which valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle?
Where is the tricuspid valve located?
Where is the tricuspid valve located?
Which structures are also known as the semilunar valves?
Which structures are also known as the semilunar valves?
What prevents the backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium?
What prevents the backflow of blood from the right ventricle to the right atrium?
What characterizes the function of heart valves?
What characterizes the function of heart valves?
Which vessels return blood to the heart?
Which vessels return blood to the heart?
Which vessel conveys blood away from the heart and splits into right and left pulmonary arteries?
Which vessel conveys blood away from the heart and splits into right and left pulmonary arteries?
Which of the following is a branch of the ascending aorta?
Which of the following is a branch of the ascending aorta?
Which vessel is labeled as being in the right atrioventricular groove?
Which vessel is labeled as being in the right atrioventricular groove?
Where is the anterior interventricular artery located?
Where is the anterior interventricular artery located?
What is the position of the left coronary artery?
What is the position of the left coronary artery?
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Study Notes
Heart Anatomy
- The heart is approximately the size of a fist
- Located on the superior surface of the diaphragm, left of the midline, and anterior to the vertebral column, posterior to the sternum
Pericardium
- A double-walled sac around the heart
- Composed of a superficial fibrous pericardium and a deep two-layer serous pericardium
- The serous pericardium has a parietal layer lining the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium and a visceral layer (epicardium) lining the surface of the heart
- The pericardial cavity is a fluid-filled space between the parietal and visceral layers
The Heart Wall
- No explicit information provided
Major Vessels of the Heart
- Vessels returning blood to the heart include:
- Superior and inferior venae cavae
- Right and left pulmonary veins
- Vessels conveying blood away from the heart include:
- Pulmonary trunk, which splits into right and left pulmonary arteries
- Ascending aorta (three branches) - brachiocephalic, left common carotid, and subclavian arteries
Atria and Ventricles of the Heart
- Atria are the receiving chambers of the heart
- Each atrium has a protruding auricle
- Blood enters right atria from superior and inferior venae cavae and coronary sinus
- Blood enters left atria from pulmonary veins
- Ventricles are the discharging chambers of the heart
- Papillary muscles and trabeculae carneae muscles mark ventricular walls
- Right ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary trunk
- Left ventricle pumps blood into the aorta
Heart Valves
- Allow blood to flow in only one direction
- Atrioventricular valves:
- Bicuspid valve (left)
- Tricuspid valve (right)
- Semilunar valves:
- Pulmonary semilunar valve
- Aortic semilunar valve
Anatomical Illustration of the Heart
- The heart is located in the chest cavity, surrounded by the rib cage, sternum, and diaphragm
- Lateral view of the heart shows the heart along with the right and left lungs
- Labelled structures:
- Superior vena cava
- Left lung
- Aorta
- Parietal pleura (cut)
- Pulmonary trunk
- Parietal pericardium (cut)
- Apex of heart
- Diaphragm
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