Healthy Pregnancy Lecture

40 weeks

True (A)

Embryonic development

<p>Protect the umbilical cord and vessels, keeps fetus warm, acts as a decompressive agent so the fetus can move freely, allows for fetal practice breathing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vernix</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Relaxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linea nigra</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Striae</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diastasis recti</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>First and third</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2-8 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Naegele's rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Positive home pregnancy test (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The union of sperm from the male and the egg from the female.

The process of a fertilized egg attaching to the uterine lining.

The time period from fertilization to 14 days. Characterized by cellular multiplication and differentiation, and the development of the yolk sac.

The time period from day 15 to 8 weeks. Characterized by structural changes, including heart development and limb bud formation.

The time period from 9 weeks to birth. Characterized by the maturation of organs and systems, and significant growth.

Harmful agents that can affect the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.

The first trimester of pregnancy spans 12-13 weeks, a period of rapid changes.

The fluid surrounding the baby in the womb, originated from the baby's urine.

The cord connecting the baby to the placenta, carrying oxygen and nutrients to the baby and waste products away.

An organ that grows on the uterine wall, providing oxygen and nutrients to the baby and removing waste products.

Twins that develop from one egg and one sperm, sharing the same genetic material.

Twins that develop from two separate eggs and two separate sperm, not identical.

The uterus increases in size from the size of a pear to just below the breasts. This growth is due to hormones like progesterone and estrogen.

Breasts increase in size, become tender, and may darken in pigmentation. Colostrum, the initial breast milk, is also produced.

The cervix softens and becomes bluish in color due to increased vascularization. These changes are called Goodell's and Chadwick's signs, respectively.

Increased acidic secretions and loosening of connective tissue occur in the vagina.

Cardiac output increases, pulse increases, blood pressure slightly decreases, blood volume increases, and plasma volume increases.

Nausea and vomiting, heartburn (pyrosis), excessive salivation (ptyalism), changes in gum tissue, bloating, constipation, and increased risk of gallstone formation.

Increased urinary frequency, especially early and late in pregnancy, due to pressure from the enlarging uterus.

A dark line that appears down the abdomen during pregnancy, caused by hormonal changes.

Darkened areas under the eyes, around the forehead, and on the face due to pregnancy hormones.

Stretch marks caused by reduced connective tissue strength due to increased adrenal steroid levels.

Spider veins that can appear on the feet, legs, face, etc., caused by reduced blood flow to the subcutaneous tissue.

Hormones like hCG, hPL, estrogen, progesterone, relaxin, prolactin, oxytocin, and thyroid function.

Nausea and vomiting, ptyalism, fatigue, urinary frequency, breast tenderness, vaginal discharge, and nasal stuffiness.

Pyrosis (heartburn), lower extremity edema, varicose veins, leg cramps, flatulence, constipation, backache, round ligament pain, shortness of breath, urinary frequency, and difficulty sleeping.

A method of calculating the estimated due date by adding 7 days to the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP) and subtracting 3 months.

Subjective changes during pregnancy that may indicate pregnancy, but are not definitive. Examples include fatigue, nausea, and breast tenderness.

Objective changes during pregnancy that suggest but do not confirm pregnancy. Examples include a positive home pregnancy test.

Diagnostic changes that confirm pregnancy, such as a fetal heartbeat on ultrasound or delivery of the baby.