Healthcare Profession Preparation Quiz

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Basic scientific knowledge about disease causes, diagnosis, and treatment.

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The physical characteristics of amoeba, including size, movement, nucleus structure, and cytoplasm appearance.

The active, feeding stage of an amoeba.

A type of parasitic amoeba that can cause amoebic dysentery in humans.

The cytoplasm of E. histolytica appears finely granular and may contain inclusions like erythrocytes (red blood cells).

The nucleus of E. histolytica is characterized by fine granules of chromatin and a small, centrally located karyosome.

Parasitic infections that arise due to a weakened immune system, often seen in individuals with conditions like HIV.

Most protozoa reproduce asexually, but some forms can switch between asexual and sexual reproduction, often depending on the host.

Many parasitic protozoa form cysts as resistant stages for transmission from one host to another.

The spread of parasitic protozoa through contaminated food or water, where the parasite's eggs or cysts are ingested.

The spread of parasitic protozoa through insect bites or the rubbing of infected insect feces on the bite site.

The process by which protozoa cause disease, including attachment to host tissue, release of toxins, and evading the immune system.

Drugs used to treat parasitic infections, often targeting specific metabolic pathways or processes unique to the parasite.

Protozoa are categorized based on their morphology and locomotion, with examples like Amoebas, Flagellates, Ciliates, and Coccidians.

A resistant, non-motile stage of some protozoa that allows them to survive harsh conditions like dryness, low nutrients, or lack of oxygen.

The soil amoeba, Naegleria, can exist in three different forms: a resistant cyst in dry weather, a naked amoeba in moist soil, and a flagellated form when flooded with water.

Protozoa are generally microscopic, ranging in size from 2 to over 100 micrometers.

Protozoa have a nucleus containing chromatin and a central nucleolus (karyosome), which are important features used to distinguish species.

Protozoa are crucial to the food chain and ecological balance of wetlands and aquatic environments.

Protozoa play a vital role in biological sewage treatment, which involves breaking down waste through both anaerobic digestion and aeration.

Protozoa are valuable lab organisms in research due to their asexual reproduction, which allows for the creation of identical clones.

While mostly harmless, some protozoa can cause disease in humans. These parasitic protozoa can be found in moist environments, including the human digestive system.

A genus of protozoan parasites that cause Leishmaniasis, a disease transmitted by sandflies. They exist in two forms: amastigote (non-motile) and promastigote (motile).

A severe form of Leishmaniasis that affects internal organs, particularly the liver, spleen, and bone marrow.

The species of Leishmania responsible for visceral leishmaniasis. Its natural habitat is the reticuloendothelial system.

The non-motile form of Leishmania, found within the host's cells (reticuloendothelial system).

The motile form of Leishmania, found in the sandfly's digestive tract. It moves with a flagellum.

A network of cells in the body that traps and removes foreign substances, including parasites. This is where Leishmania reside.

Another name for visceral leishmaniasis. It's also known as 'black sickness' or 'dumdum fever'.

The insect vector that transmits Leishmania parasites to humans.

The presence of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the affected area, indicating an immune response.

The skin layer shows thickening (acanthosis) and excess keratin (hyperkeratosis), followed by skin death (necrosis) and sores (ulceration).

This type of Leishmaniasis occurs in parts of Asia, Africa, Europe, and the former Soviet Union.

Urban Leishmaniasis spreads mainly among humans (anthroponosis), while rural Leishmaniasis originates in animals (zoonosis), with humans occasionally infected.

Rock hyraxes and tree hyraxes serve as reservoirs for this type of Leishmaniasis, mainly found in Ethiopia and Kenya.

The first sign is a red bump (papule) at the sand fly's bite site.

The initial papule becomes itchy, grows, and forms a sore (ulcer).

This type of Leishmaniasis can lead to a widespread skin infection (diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis) in people with a weak immune response.