Healthcare Infection Control Chapter 9-12 Test
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Questions and Answers

What is the system used to categorize patient care items based on the degree of risk of infection?

Spalding classification system

Pasteurizers disinfect using?

heated water

Device is categorized as semi-critical items must be at least ______ prior to use.

High-level disinfectant

Where should electronic testing of laparoscopic insulation be performed?

<p>In the clean assembly area prior to set assembly</p> Signup and view all the answers

The use of test strips to test the effective concentration in high-level disinfection solutions is required when?

<p>Each time a solution will be used</p> Signup and view all the answers

Arthroscopic instruments are used during?

<p>Joint surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are robotic instruments characterized by?

<p>Do not come apart for cleaning, have mechanical/electrical components in the proximal end of the instrument, and are heavier than standard laparoscopic instruments</p> Signup and view all the answers

Clean multi-part instruments that have been assembled to test for functionality should?

<p>be disassembled and sterilized following manufacturer's Instructions for Use</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process used during instrument manufacture that helps build a protective chromium outer layer on the instrument surface?

<p>Passivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Items that are introduced directly into the bloodstream or other normally sterile areas of the body are classified as?

<p>Critical items</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are semi-critical items?

<p>Instruments, devices and other items that are not used to penetrate soft tissue or bone but contact oral mucous membranes, non-intact skin or other potentially infectious materials (OPIM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Semi-critical items must be?

<p>High-level disinfected or sterilized; includes respiratory equipment and endotracheal tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Critical items must be ______ prior to use.

<p>Sterilized</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do non-critical items include?

<p>Blood Pressure Cuff, OR Furniture, OR Table</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are phenolics classified as?

<p>Intermediate to low-level disinfectants</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scissors more than 4 inches should be tested with what color material?

<p>Red</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the insulation covering laparoscopic instruments?

<p>To protect the patient from electrical current</p> Signup and view all the answers

Instrument lubrication should be performed?

<p>Following the manufacturer's instructions for use</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thermal disinfection is defined as?

<p>The use of heat to kill all microorganisms except spores</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a high-level disinfectant?

<p>Glutaraldehyde and ortho-phthalaldehydes</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long must alcohol remain in wet contact with an item to achieve a reasonable level of disinfection?

<p>5 to 10 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What chemical is used on animate objects to slow the growth of microorganisms?

<p>Antiseptics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Critical items are?

<p>Materials that penetrate the skin, mucous membrane, or bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

Critical items must be ______ prior to use.

<p>sterilized</p> Signup and view all the answers

What low-level disinfectant is incompatible with soap?

<p>Quat</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process by which all forms of microorganisms are completely destroyed is called?

<p>Sterilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

The part of a hemostat that locks and holds it in position is called?

<p>The box lock</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the place where two parts of a ring-handled instrument meet and pivot?

<p>Ratchet</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step to inspect the installation of a laparoscopic instrument?

<p>Check the collar at the distal tip</p> Signup and view all the answers

A chemical which kills most pathogenic organisms, but does not kill spores is called?

<p>Disinfectant</p> Signup and view all the answers

Surgical instruments used to cut inside or dissect tissue are called?

<p>Scissors</p> Signup and view all the answers

Surgical instruments used to grasp are called?

<p>Forceps</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Spaulding classification system divides patient care items into what three categories?

<p>Critical items, semi-critical, and non-critical</p> Signup and view all the answers

Critical items are to be?

<p>Sterilized</p> Signup and view all the answers

Semi-critical items are to be?

<p>High-level disinfected</p> Signup and view all the answers

Non-critical items are to be?

<p>Low-level disinfected</p> Signup and view all the answers

Implants and surgical instruments are classified as?

<p>Critical items</p> Signup and view all the answers

Table tops are an example of a non-critical item.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sterilization packaging is classified as what medical device?

<p>Class 2</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the humidity range for prep and pack?

<p>30-60%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What wrapping technique is most commonly used for small packs in most trays?

<p>Envelope fold</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Infection Control and Sterilization

  • The Spalding classification system categorizes patient care items into critical, semi-critical, and non-critical based on infection risk.
  • Critical items must be sterilized before use, as they penetrate skin or mucous membranes.
  • Semi-critical items require high-level disinfection to ensure safety after coming into contact with mucous membranes or non-intact skin.
  • Non-critical items are disinfected at a low level since they do not enter sterile areas but may have contact with skin.

Disinfection Methods

  • Pasteurizers utilize heated water for disinfection.
  • Phenolics are categorized as intermediate to low-level disinfectants.
  • Alcohol requires 5 to 10 minutes of wet contact for effective disinfection.

Instrument Handling and Testing

  • High-level disinfectants include glutaraldehyde and ortho-phthalaldehyde.
  • Electronic testing for laparoscopic insulation should take place in the clean assembly area before assembly.
  • Scissors over 4 inches in length should be tested with red material for functionality.

Cleaning and Maintenance

  • Arthroscopic instruments are primarily used in joint surgeries and require specific cleaning protocols.
  • Robotic instruments cannot be disassembled for cleaning, contain mechanical components, and are heavier than standard instruments.

Surgical Instrument Characteristics

  • Hemostats have a box lock mechanism that locks and holds them in position.
  • Ratchets are the pivot points where two parts of a ring-handled instrument meet.
  • Scissors are surgical instruments intended for cutting or dissecting tissue, while forceps are used for grasping.

Sterilization and Safety Practices

  • Passivation is a process that builds a protective chromium layer on instruments during manufacturing.
  • Instrument lubrication must align with the manufacturer's instructions to ensure proper care.
  • The humidity level for sterilization preparation and packaging should be maintained between 30% and 60%.

Disinfection Terminology

  • Disinfectants kill most pathogenic organisms but do not eliminate spores.
  • Anti-septics are used on living tissues to slow down microbial growth.
  • Thermal disinfection effectively kills microorganisms, except spores.

Practical Applications

  • Clean multi-part instruments must be disassembled and sterilized following the manufacturer's guidelines.
  • Implants and surgical instruments fall under the critical items category, necessitating rigorous sterilization protocols.
  • Table tops and similar surfaces are classified as non-critical items, requiring routine disinfection.

Medical Device Classification

  • Sterilization packaging is categorized as Class 2 medical devices within regulatory frameworks.
  • Envelope fold is the predominant wrapping technique used for small packs in most surgical trays.

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Description

This quiz focuses on key concepts from chapters 9 to 12 related to infection control in healthcare settings. It includes questions on classification systems and disinfection methods. Test your knowledge and understanding of infection risk categories and their implications for patient care.

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