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Questions and Answers
What are the three main components of a cell?
What can cause cell injury?
What are free radicals and how do they cause cell damage?
What is apoptosis?
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What is the normal range for plasma pH?
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What is the first line of defense against changes in hydrogen ion concentration?
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What is the third line of defense against changes in body pH?
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What are the four basic types of acid-base imbalance?
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What is hemostasis?
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What are the factors responsible for hemostasis?
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What is DIC?
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What can cause disorders of hemostasis?
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The cell has two main components: plasma membrane and cytoplasm.
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Cell injury can only be caused by physical agents.
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Irreversible changes in cell injury only affect the nucleus.
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Free radicals can cause cell damage by oxidizing cell components.
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One type of necrosis is fat necrosis.
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Apoptosis is programmed cell death.
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Normal plasma pH is 7.35-7.45.
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Acidosis is an abnormal high plasma pH.
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Buffers act as the first line of defense against changes in hydrogen ion concentration.
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Respiratory system acts as the first line of defense against changes in body pH.
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Hemostasis is the process of forming clots at the site of injury.
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DIC is a thrombo-hemorrhagic disorder caused by rapid consumption of platelets and clotting factors.
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What are the three main components of a cell?
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What are the causes of cell injury?
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What is apoptosis?
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What is the normal range for plasma pH?
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What is acidosis?
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What is the first line of defense against changes in hydrogen ion concentration?
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What is the second line of defense against changes in body pH?
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What is metabolic acidosis?
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What is the process of keeping blood clot-free and forming clots at the site of injury called?
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What are the factors responsible for hemostasis?
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What is DIC?
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What is the role of free radicals in cell damage?
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Study Notes
Cell Injury, Acid-Base Balance, and Hemostasis
Cell Injury:
- The cell is the basic unit of the body and has three main components: plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm.
- Cell injury can be reversible or irreversible and can be caused by hypoxia, physical and chemical agents, microbiological agents, immunological reactions, aging, and nutritional deficiencies.
- Irreversible changes in cell injury affect the cytoplasm and its components, including the mitochondria and cell membrane.
- Free radicals, which have unpaired electrons, can cause cell damage by oxidizing cell components.
- Types of necrosis include coagulative, liquefaction, caseous, fat, and fibrinoid.
- Apoptosis is programmed cell death and is important in destroying cells infected with viruses, damaged DNA, or cancer cells.
Acid-Base Balance:
- Normal plasma pH is 7.35-7.45.
- Acidosis is an abnormal low plasma pH, and alkalosis is an abnormal high plasma pH.
- Buffers, including bicarbonate and non-bicarbonate systems, act as the first line of defense against changes in hydrogen ion concentration.
- The respiratory and renal systems act as the second and third lines of defense, respectively, against changes in body pH.
- There are four basic types of imbalance: metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis.
- Compensation for these imbalances can occur through buffering, hyperventilation, and respiratory or renal acid-base control.
Hemostasis:
- Hemostasis is the process of keeping blood clot-free and forming clots at the site of injury.
- The factors responsible for hemostasis include vascular endothelium, platelets, clotting factors, and the fibrinolytic system.
- Disorders of hemostasis can be caused by platelet defects, coagulation defects, excessive fibrinolysis, or vessel wall defects.
- DIC is a thrombo-hemorrhagic disorder caused by rapid consumption of platelets and clotting factors, leading to bleeding and multiple organ failure.
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Description
Test your knowledge on three important topics in healthcare - cell injury, acid-base balance, and hemostasis with this quiz. From the basics of cell components to the factors responsible for hemostasis, this quiz covers it all. Find out how much you know about the types of cell injury, the different types of imbalance in acid-base balance, and the factors responsible for hemostasis. This quiz is perfect for healthcare professionals, medical students, and anyone interested in learning more about these crucial topics.
