30 Questions
What is the term for an agent that prevents bacterial multiplication but does not kill all forms of microorganisms?
Bacteriostatic
Which term describes the process by which something is rendered unclean or unsterile?
Contamination
What does the term 'nosocomial infection' refer to?
Hospital-acquired infection
Which term describes the process by which pathogens are destroyed from inanimate objects?
Disinfection
What is the term for the ability of microorganisms to produce disease?
Pathogenicity
What type of disease results from the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in a host?
Infectious disease
Which method of transmission refers to the immediate direct transfer of microorganisms from person to person or body surface to body surface?
Direct Contact
What does indirect contact transmission refer to?
Transfer of microorganisms through contaminated surfaces or objects
Which type of transmission occurs when the mucous membrane of the nose, mouth, or conjunctiva are exposed to the secretions of an infected person?
Droplet Transmission
Biologic vectors like animals are involved in which type of transmission?
Vector-borne Transmission
Which defense mechanism protects the body against all types of microorganisms regardless of prior exposure?
Anatomic and Physiologic Barriers
What are some examples of anatomic and physiologic barriers that form part of non-specific defenses?
Skin, mucous membrane, nasal passages, lungs
What is the main purpose of infection control in a healthcare setting?
To prevent the development of infection causing diseases
Which term refers to microorganisms that causes diseases?
Pathogens
What is the difference between resident flora and transient flora?
Resident flora are permanent inhabitants while transient flora are picked up temporarily
Why is knowledge of the transmission of microorganisms essential in nursing care?
To create a safe nursing care environment for patients
What activities lead to the skin picking up transient flora?
Routine activities like touching surfaces
Which term refers to microorganisms that collectively reside in a specific area of the body?
Resident flora
During which stage of the infectious process do specific signs and symptoms develop and become evident?
Illness period
What is the term used to refer to the manner in which a pathogen enters a susceptible host?
Port of entry
Which term describes an infection that is a direct result of a diagnostic procedure?
Iatrogenic Infection
What does the term 'Reservoir' refer to in the chain of infection?
An environment where microorganisms survive and replicate
Which term describes an infection originated from the hospital environment or hospital personnel?
Exogenous Infection
What stage of the infectious process extends from the onset of non-specific signs and symptoms to the appearance of specific signs and symptoms?
Prodromal period
Why should gloves be changed and discarded between clients or when torn or grossly soiled?
To prevent the spread of infection from one client to another
What is the purpose of eyewear in healthcare settings?
To protect the eyes from pathogens
What do isolation precautions aim to prevent?
The spread of infection or potentially infectious microorganisms
What do universal precaution techniques aim to do?
Reduce the risk of transmitting unidentified pathogens
What is the purpose of body substance isolation in medical treatment?
To isolate all body substances to reduce chances of transmitting illnesses like HIV or hepatitis
What is an example of disease-specific isolation precaution?
COVID-19 Isolation Precaution
Test your knowledge on healthcare-associated infections and the stages of the infectious process. Identify the types of infections acquired by healthcare personnel and understand the different stages from incubation to prodromal period.
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