Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
What is the primary goal of financial risk protection in the health system?
What is measured by population satisfaction surveys and customer exit surveys?
What is an intermediate outcome in the health system?
What is allocative efficiency in health care?
Signup and view all the answers
What do major final outputs refer to in the health system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary aspect of access to health care?
Signup and view all the answers
What is quality in health care?
Signup and view all the answers
What is technical efficiency in health care?
Signup and view all the answers
What is fairness of the health system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is goodness of the health system?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the three levels of performance assessment in a health system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an intermediate performance outcome in a health system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a final performance outcome in a health system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a measure of health status in a health system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a goal of health status in a health system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a component of the final performance outcome of health status in a health system?
Signup and view all the answers
The primary goal of the health system is to improve financial risk protection.
Signup and view all the answers
Intermediate performance outcomes are a measure of health status in a health system.
Signup and view all the answers
Major final outputs represent the problems that the health system is accountable for.
Signup and view all the answers
Life expectancy is a measure of client satisfaction in a health system.
Signup and view all the answers
The three final performance outcomes in the health system are health status, financial risk protection, and quality of care.
Signup and view all the answers
Preventing premature death is a goal of health status in a health system.
Signup and view all the answers
Disability adjusted life years measures the level of satisfaction of clients with the goods and services expected in the health system.
Signup and view all the answers
Responsiveness is a measure of how health system responds to clinical aspects of care.
Signup and view all the answers
Financial risk protection is protection of the population from low and expected cost of serious illness.
Signup and view all the answers
Intermediate outcomes are the end goals of the health system.
Signup and view all the answers
Access to health care refers to the degree to which goods and services perform as desired.
Signup and view all the answers
Quality of care is measured by the physical availability of health services.
Signup and view all the answers
Efficiency in health care refers to the ability of patients to use services they want.
Signup and view all the answers
Performance levels assess the differences of performance among individuals or groups.
Signup and view all the answers
Performance distribution is a measure of the overall level of performance of a health system.
Signup and view all the answers
Client satisfaction surveys are used to measure the quality of health care.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Three Levels of Performance Assessment
- Three levels of performance assessment in health systems: final performance outcomes, intermediate performance outcomes, and major final outputs
Final Performance Outcomes
- Consequences in the general population that have intrinsic value and impact on outcomes desired for the entire population
- Represent the problems that the health system is accountable for
- Three final performance outcomes in the health system:
- Health Status: reflects improvements in the well-being of the general population, improving health, reducing disease, preventing premature death
- Client Satisfaction and Responsiveness: level of satisfaction of clients with the goods and services expected in the health system
- Financial Risk Protection: protection of the population from high and unexpected costs of serious illness
Health Status
- Reflects improvements in the well-being of the general population
- Measured by:
- Premature mortality (e.g. IMR, MMR)
- Morbidity and disability (e.g. prevalence rate, incidence rate)
- Life expectancy
- Nutritional status
- Burden of disease and non-fatal outcomes (e.g. disability-adjusted life years, health-adjusted life expectancy)
Client Satisfaction
- Level of satisfaction of clients with the goods and services expected in the health system
- Measured by:
- Population satisfaction surveys
- Customer exit surveys
Responsiveness
- How the health system responds to non-clinical aspects of care and meets expectations of clients
- Measured by:
- Respect for client (respect for dignity, confidentiality, and autonomy)
- Client orientation (prompt attention, quality amenities, social support systems)
Financial Risk Protection
- Protection of the population from high and unexpected costs of serious illness
- Measured by:
- Fair or equitable financing that distributes financial risks according to ability to pay, rather than risk of illness
Intermediate Outcomes
- Structural features of health systems that affect the level of performance on final outcomes
- Three intermediate performance outcomes in the health system:
- Access: ability of patients to use services they want
- Quality: degree to which goods and services perform as desired
- Efficiency: use of resources in the best possible way to achieve goals
Access
- Measured by:
- Physical availability (distribution of inputs like beds, doctors, and facilities)
- Effective availability (measures barriers to use of goods and services)
Quality
- Measured by:
- Prescribed standard
- Compliance to that standard
- Quantity
- Inputs and processes
- Outcomes of quality inputs and process
Efficiency
- Measured by:
- Technical efficiency (cost per output, cost per patient)
- Allocative efficiency (right mix of goods or services produced)
Major Final Outputs
- Goods and services that managers are accountable for
- Mandate and authority to produce goods and services
- External clients expect such goods and services from them
Assessing Goodness and Fairness in Health
- Performance gauges: performance levels, performance distribution, and values upheld in national and international health systems
- Goodness of the Health System: assess the best attainable average level for outcomes
- Fairness of the Health System: differences of performance among individuals or groups, reflecting how health care goods and services are distributed among the population
Three Levels of Performance Assessment
- Three levels of performance assessment in health systems: final performance outcomes, intermediate performance outcomes, and major final outputs
Final Performance Outcomes
- Consequences in the general population that have intrinsic value and impact on outcomes desired for the entire population
- Represent the problems that the health system is accountable for
- Three final performance outcomes in the health system:
- Health Status: reflects improvements in the well-being of the general population, improving health, reducing disease, preventing premature death
- Client Satisfaction and Responsiveness: level of satisfaction of clients with the goods and services expected in the health system
- Financial Risk Protection: protection of the population from high and unexpected costs of serious illness
Health Status
- Reflects improvements in the well-being of the general population
- Measured by:
- Premature mortality (e.g. IMR, MMR)
- Morbidity and disability (e.g. prevalence rate, incidence rate)
- Life expectancy
- Nutritional status
- Burden of disease and non-fatal outcomes (e.g. disability-adjusted life years, health-adjusted life expectancy)
Client Satisfaction
- Level of satisfaction of clients with the goods and services expected in the health system
- Measured by:
- Population satisfaction surveys
- Customer exit surveys
Responsiveness
- How the health system responds to non-clinical aspects of care and meets expectations of clients
- Measured by:
- Respect for client (respect for dignity, confidentiality, and autonomy)
- Client orientation (prompt attention, quality amenities, social support systems)
Financial Risk Protection
- Protection of the population from high and unexpected costs of serious illness
- Measured by:
- Fair or equitable financing that distributes financial risks according to ability to pay, rather than risk of illness
Intermediate Outcomes
- Structural features of health systems that affect the level of performance on final outcomes
- Three intermediate performance outcomes in the health system:
- Access: ability of patients to use services they want
- Quality: degree to which goods and services perform as desired
- Efficiency: use of resources in the best possible way to achieve goals
Access
- Measured by:
- Physical availability (distribution of inputs like beds, doctors, and facilities)
- Effective availability (measures barriers to use of goods and services)
Quality
- Measured by:
- Prescribed standard
- Compliance to that standard
- Quantity
- Inputs and processes
- Outcomes of quality inputs and process
Efficiency
- Measured by:
- Technical efficiency (cost per output, cost per patient)
- Allocative efficiency (right mix of goods or services produced)
Major Final Outputs
- Goods and services that managers are accountable for
- Mandate and authority to produce goods and services
- External clients expect such goods and services from them
Assessing Goodness and Fairness in Health
- Performance gauges: performance levels, performance distribution, and values upheld in national and international health systems
- Goodness of the Health System: assess the best attainable average level for outcomes
- Fairness of the Health System: differences of performance among individuals or groups, reflecting how health care goods and services are distributed among the population
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Assess the performance of a health system in terms of its outcomes, outputs, and goodness and fairness. Understand the three levels of performance assessment and how to evaluate health system performance.
