Health Promotion Models: Transtheoretical Model (TTM)

Health Promotion Models

Transtheoretical Model (TTM)

• Developed by James Prochaska and Carlo DiClemente
• Focuses on individual behavior change across six stages:
  1. Pre-contemplation: No intention to change behavior
  2. Contemplation: Weighing pros and cons of changing behavior
  3. Preparation: Getting ready to change behavior
  4. Action: Taking action to change behavior
  5. Maintenance: Maintaining behavior change over time
  6. Termination: No longer struggling with the behavior

Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)

• Developed by Albert Bandura
• Focuses on the interaction between personal, environmental, and behavioral factors
• Key concepts:
  • Observation: Learning through observing others
  • Imitation: Copying behavior of others
  • Reinforcement: Rewards or punishments for behavior
  • Self-efficacy: Confidence in one's ability to change behavior
  • Reciprocal determinism: Behavior, environment, and personal factors influence each other

Health Belief Model (HBM)

• Developed by Irving Rosenstock and others
• Focuses on individual perceptions and attitudes towards health behaviors
• Key components:
  • Perceived susceptibility: Belief in one's risk of getting a disease
  • Perceived severity: Belief in the severity of a disease
  • Perceived benefits: Belief in the benefits of taking action
  • Perceived barriers: Belief in the obstacles to taking action
  • Cues to action: Triggers that prompt behavior change

Diffusion of Innovations (DOI)

• Developed by Everett Rogers
• Focuses on how new ideas or behaviors spread through a population
• Key components:
  • Innovation: The new idea or behavior
  • Adopters: Individuals who adopt the innovation
  • Diffusion: The process of spreading the innovation
  • Adoption curve: The bell-shaped curve of adoption rates over time
  • Innovation-decision process: The five stages of adoption: knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation, and confirmation

Stages of Change Model

• Developed by James Prochaska and Carlo DiClemente
• Similar to the Transtheoretical Model, but focuses on the process of changing behavior:
  • Pre-contemplation: No intention to change behavior
  • Contemplation: Weighing pros and cons of changing behavior
  • Preparation: Getting ready to change behavior
  • Action: Taking action to change behavior
  • Maintenance: Maintaining behavior change over time

Health Promotion Models

Transtheoretical Model (TTM)

• Developed by James Prochaska and Carlo DiClemente
• Focuses on individual behavior change across six stages
• Stages include pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination
• Model helps understand how people modify a problem behavior or acquire a positive behavior

Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)

• Developed by Albert Bandura
• Focuses on the interaction between personal, environmental, and behavioral factors
• Key concepts: observation, imitation, reinforcement, self-efficacy, and reciprocal determinism
• Observational learning, reinforcement, and self-efficacy influence behavior change

Health Belief Model (HBM)

• Developed by Irving Rosenstock and others
• Focuses on individual perceptions and attitudes towards health behaviors
• Key components: perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action
• Model helps understand why people adopt or do not adopt health behaviors

Diffusion of Innovations (DOI)

• Developed by Everett Rogers
• Focuses on how new ideas or behaviors spread through a population
• Key components: innovation, adopters, diffusion, adoption curve, and innovation-decision process
• Model helps understand how new ideas or behaviors are adopted and spread through a population

Stages of Change Model

• Developed by James Prochaska and Carlo DiClemente
• Similar to the Transtheoretical Model, but focuses on the process of changing behavior
• Stages include pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance
• Model helps understand the process of changing behavior and the stages involved

Learn about the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) developed by James Prochaska and Carlo DiClemente, which focuses on individual behavior change across six stages.