Health Information Systems Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of Health Information Systems (HIS)?

To provide treatment recommendations to healthcare providers

To conduct clinical trials for new medications

To diagnose health conditions in patients

To estimate the size and trend of health problems in the community (correct)

Which of the following best describes the data collection method of a notification system?

Information is compiled from health service users only.

Information is collected continuously without any specific prompting.

Information is actively gathered through surveys.

Information is collected passively and requires someone to report it. (correct)

What type of data does a population-based HIS gather?

Data regarding only those who have sought medical assistance.

Data about patients enrolled in health programs.

Data exclusively from healthcare providers.

Data from all individuals within a community. (correct)

Which stage is NOT part of designing a questionnaire?

Choosing the appropriate data analysis software Signup and view all the answers

What type of survey method is best for assessing the incidence and prevalence of health issues?

General surveys Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is an example of continuous data collection within HIS?

Mortality records that are updated as deaths occur Signup and view all the answers

What objective do filter questions serve in a questionnaire?

To confirm the truthfulness of responses Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a purpose of HIS?

To assess the priorities of health issues in the community Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a pilot test in research?

To test on a small group before wider implementation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Likert Scale?

An assessment tool that converts subjective data into numerical form Signup and view all the answers

What does reliability refer to in the context of measurement?

The consistency of results upon repeated testing Signup and view all the answers

Mandatory notification diseases (MND) serve which of the following purposes?

To monitor new cases of specific diseases Signup and view all the answers

What is a key activity of the epidemiological surveillance system?

Collection and analysis of health-related data Signup and view all the answers

Health information systems primarily help in managing which of the following?

Health service data and surveillance Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of epidemiological surveillance in public health?

It aids in disease prevention and controlling public health issues Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a method used for reporting in mandatory notification diseases?

Telehealth consultations Signup and view all the answers

Which qualitative attribute of early surveillance (ES) refers to how easy it is to understand and implement?

Simplicity Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining characteristic of a relevant increase in disease cases during an outbreak?

It must occur in a previously unaffected area. Signup and view all the answers

Which step comes first in the procedures for managing an outbreak?

Confirm existence of outbreak Signup and view all the answers

What can be classified as a probable case of disease?

A person with symptoms and a clear epidemiological link Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diseases is caused by the transmission from animals to humans?

Zoonosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tests confirms a diagnosis by detecting the germ in a sample from the body?

Laboratory diagnostic criteria Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of outbreak management involves summarizing the number of cases over time?

Epidemic curve Signup and view all the answers

Which category of diseases includes influenza and is preventable by vaccination?

Vaccine-preventable diseases Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary objective of the Microbiological Surveillance Network (Red MIVA)?

To detect real-time circulation of etiological agents Signup and view all the answers

What role does epidemiological surveying play in disease monitoring?

Tracking outbreak patterns through additional data Signup and view all the answers

How is data sent to the central systems from microbiological laboratories?

Through encrypted automatic processes Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the control methods for disease management?

They include preventive measures and managing confirmed cases Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step in the Red MIVA process?

Collecting demographic information from patients Signup and view all the answers

What does the standardization of information in Red MIVA help achieve?

Ensuring consistency in data analysis Signup and view all the answers

What is involved in the classification of each case within Red MIVA?

Establishing the geographical location of the case Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of control methods in disease management?

Preventing new cases and managing confirmed infections Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Health Information Systems (HIS)

HIS facilitates assessment of health problems' size and trends in communities.
Functions include identifying facts, data collection, verification, analysis, and dissemination of results and recommendations.
HIS is a dynamic, continuous surveillance system targeting the onset and distribution of diseases.

Uses of HIS

Estimates the magnitude and trend of health issues.
Assesses impact of health interventions.
Transmits information to citizens, government, and decision-makers.
Classified into population-based systems (data from all individuals) and health service-based systems (data from users of health services).

Public Health Applications of HIS

Surveys: Collect data through interviews, medical examinations, and questionnaires to assess incidence, prevalence, and frequency.
Records: Continuous data collection such as mortality, birth, and disease records.
Notification Systems: Passive data collection through reports of traffic accidents, occupational diseases, and mandatory notifications.

Questionnaire Design Stages

Define needed information and select the questionnaire type.
Develop clear and essential questions, avoiding ambiguity.
Structure the questionnaire logically, starting with general questions.
Implement grading and coding norms for quantifiable data.

Reliability and Validity

Reliability: Consistency in results upon repeating the questionnaire.
Validity: Accurately measures the intended concept.

Pilot Testing and Likert Scale

Conduct a small-scale pilot test to refine the questionnaire.
Use Likert Scale for quantifying subjective data into numerical values.

Surveillance Systems

Employed to control communicable diseases through mandatory reporting of specific diseases.
MND (Mandatory Notification Diseases) includes both urgent (e.g., cholera) and non-urgent diseases (e.g., hepatitis B).

Objectives of Epidemiological Surveillance

Identify health problems and inform public health interventions.
Generate hypotheses for further epidemiological research.

Activities of Epidemiological Surveillance Systems

Systematic collection and analysis of relevant data.
Distribution of information and recommendations to healthcare professionals.

Epidemiological Surveillance Attributes

Qualitative: Characteristics include simplicity, flexibility, and acceptability.
Quantitative: Attributes include sensitivity, representativeness, speed, and cost-effectiveness.

Diseases Monitored

Infectious diseases (e.g., influenza), food and waterborne diseases (e.g., salmonellosis), airborne diseases (e.g., tuberculosis), vector-related diseases, and others.

Outbreak Procedures

Confirm outbreak existence, define cases, and conduct epidemiological surveys.
Collect data, test hypotheses, and implement control measures.

Disease Identification and Monitoring

Clinical definitions identify cases based on symptoms.
Laboratory diagnostic criteria confirm diagnoses via scientific tests.
Classification of cases into suspicious, probable, and confirmed.

Microbiological Surveillance Network (Red MIVA)

A surveillance and research information system for microbiological results collection and analysis.
Aims to detect epidemic outbreaks and emergent diseases while guiding treatment decisions for infectious diseases.

Red MIVA Steps

Physicians request analysis from microbiology labs, where results are logged and transmitted to central systems.
Data is standardized and encrypted before submission.
Cases are classified geographically, and information visualized on location maps.

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Description

This quiz covers essential concepts in health information systems, including grading and coding norms, reliability and validity, and the use of the Likert scale. Additionally, it addresses pilot testing and the role of records in health services. Test your understanding of these crucial topics in health informatics.