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Questions and Answers
What is one of the challenges faced by health systems?
Who is responsible for accomplishing the organization's goals?
What is the purpose of Human Resource Planning?
What are the two types of forecasts made in Human Resource Planning?
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What is the main goal of Human Resource Management?
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What is one of the key initiatives of Human Resource Management?
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What is the role of a manager in an organization?
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What is the process of acquiring, training, appraising, and compensating employees?
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What is Health Human Resources (HHR) primarily defined as?
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What is the primary role of human resources in a healthcare system?
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What percentage of healthcare budgets is allocated to Human Resources?
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What is Human Resource Management (HRM)?
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According to the WHO, what is the projected global shortfall of health workers by 2030?
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What is external recruiting?
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What type of healthcare organization is responsible for providing medical care in patients' homes?
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What is the 'art' of healthcare referred to as?
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What is a benefit of internal recruiting?
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What is outsourcing in HRM?
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What is the focus of the 'science' of healthcare?
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What is a potential problem with outsourcing?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of healthcare organization?
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What is an advantage of internal advancement?
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What is not a part of Human Resource Management (HRM)?
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What is a benefit of a multi-prong approach to external recruiting?
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What is a challenge faced by HR Management in healthcare?
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Why are unions typically against outsourcing?
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What is a key issue in many developing countries?
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What is one of the dimensions of HRH performance?
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What is a reason for new opportunities in healthcare?
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What is a challenge faced by HR Management in healthcare, according to the content?
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What is a key area of focus in patient satisfaction?
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What is a challenge in the healthcare sector?
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What is a key recommendation for improving employee satisfaction in healthcare?
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What is a consequence of implementing key recommendations for employee satisfaction in healthcare?
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What is a characteristic of the healthcare workforce in remote areas?
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What is absent in the healthcare sector?
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Study Notes
Health Human Resources (HHR)
- Also known as Human Resources for Health (HRH) or health workforce
- Defined as "all people engaged in actions whose primary intent is to enhance positive health outcomes"
Role of Human Resources in Healthcare
- Enable effective healthcare service delivery through staff performance monitoring and evaluation, compensation, and recruitment of competent employees
- Human Resources department is responsible for all employees and employee-related operations in any organization
Healthcare as a Service Sector
- Depends heavily on people to carry out its mission
- Human Resources (HR) accounts for a high proportion of budgets assigned to the health sector
- Estimated shortage of almost 4.3 million physicians, midwives, nurses, and support workers (WHO 2006)
- Projected global shortfall of 10 million health workers by 2030, mostly in low- and lower-middle-income countries
Types of Healthcare Organizations
- Physician Offices and Clinics
- Hospitals
- Nursing and Personal-Care Facilities
- Home Care
- Health and Allied Services
- Medical and Dental Laboratories
- Offices and Clinics of Other Health Practitioners
- Dentist's Offices and Clinics
Healthcare-Science or Art
- The Science of Healthcare: achieving and delivering high-quality healthcare products and services through scientific and innovative technology
- The Art of Healthcare: managing the human beings who provide the services and improve the products
Challenges for Health Systems
- Human Resources (Workforce)
- Physical Infrastructure
- Governance
- Financing
Healthcare Service Delivery
- Determined by patient satisfaction and employee satisfaction
Human Resource Management (HRM)
- The strategies, tactics, plans, and programs that healthcare organizations utilize to accomplish the work of the organization through its employees
- Includes acquiring, training, appraising, and compensating employees, and attending to their labor relations, health and safety, and fairness concerns
Key Initiatives of HR Management
- Workforce Planning
- Staffing and Selection
- Compensation and Benefits
- Employee and Labor Relations
- Government Compliance
- Training and Development
- Health, Safety, and Security
Human Resource Planning
- Includes all activities managers do to forecast current and future HR needs
- Must be done before recruitment and selection
- Demand forecasts estimate the number and qualifications the firm will need
- Supply forecasts estimate the availability and qualifications of current workers and those in the labor market
Human Resource Management Processes
- Acquisition
- Fairness
- Training
- Appraisal
- Compensation
- Labor Relations
- Health and Safety
Recruitment
- External recruiting: looking outside the firm for people who have not worked at the firm before
- Internal recruiting: filling positions within the firm
- Internal recruiting has benefits, including workers knowing the firm's culture and managers already knowing the candidates
HRM Planning: Outsourcing
- Outsourcing: contracting with outside workers rather than hiring them
- Outsourcing is more flexible for the firm and provides human capital at a lower cost
- However, outsourcing can lead to loss of control over output and contractors may not be committed to the firm
HR Challenges in Healthcare
- Managing Change
- Doing more with less
- Compliance with quality standards
- Implementing diversity planning and culturally competent care
- Preparing healthcare workers for new technologies
- Balancing professional and personal lives
- Succession planning
Insufficient Human Capacity
- In many developing countries, there is insufficient human capacity to make use of newly available resources
- Newly available resources are due to scientific advances, infusion of new money, and new drugs
Dimensions of HRH Performance
- Coverage: the extent to which the allocation of the workforce corresponds to needed services
- Productivity: the ratio of outputs relative to inputs
- Technical quality: the extent to which services have a positive impact on health status
- Sociocultural quality: the extent to which services are acceptable to users and meet their expectations
- Organization stability: the use of the workforce to guarantee the viability of services and their capacity to adapt to changing needs
Current Research Studies
- Patient satisfaction and employee satisfaction in healthcare
- Key recommendations include satisfaction in caring for patients, less complaints from customers, and change in employee behavior, skill, and attitude
Main HRH Challenges
- Absence of a national HRH strategy
- Centralized HRH decisions in the public sector
- Brain drain of HRH
- Variation of HRH wages and incentives between private and public sectors
- Inequitable distribution of health workforce among geographical areas, gender imbalance, skill mix, and shortage of them in remote areas
- Absence of continuous professional development system (CPD)
- Weak HRH information system
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Description
Explore the role of human resources in healthcare systems, including staff performance monitoring, compensation, and recruitment of competent employees to enhance positive health outcomes.
