Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one of the primary ways government providers can generate income?
What is one of the primary ways government providers can generate income?
- Increasing taxes on citizens
- Obtaining loans from private banks
- Charging user fees in economic departments (correct)
- Selling government assets
Which department is specifically mentioned as a place where government providers can charge fees?
Which department is specifically mentioned as a place where government providers can charge fees?
- Education departments
- Economic departments (correct)
- Health departments
- Transportation departments
Why might government providers generate their own income?
Why might government providers generate their own income?
- To align with private sector practices
- To fund private enterprise initiatives
- To decrease public service capabilities
- To reduce reliance on federal funding (correct)
Which option is not a means through which government providers can generate income?
Which option is not a means through which government providers can generate income?
What is a characteristic of the economic departments within government providers?
What is a characteristic of the economic departments within government providers?
Which of the following is NOT considered a function of the overall health care system?
Which of the following is NOT considered a function of the overall health care system?
Which service is included in the primary care aspect of the overall health care system?
Which service is included in the primary care aspect of the overall health care system?
Which aspect of health services aims to specifically assist certain population groups?
Which aspect of health services aims to specifically assist certain population groups?
What is the primary goal of health promotion within the health care system?
What is the primary goal of health promotion within the health care system?
Which of the following functions is primarily associated with managing severe health conditions?
Which of the following functions is primarily associated with managing severe health conditions?
What responsibility do managers have in relation to their allocated authority?
What responsibility do managers have in relation to their allocated authority?
What is a key aspect of assessment in performance management?
What is a key aspect of assessment in performance management?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of managers?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of managers?
How should the public be involved in the assessment process?
How should the public be involved in the assessment process?
What are the two main functional structures of the Ministry of Health and Population?
What are the two main functional structures of the Ministry of Health and Population?
What is expected of managers with regard to their performance results?
What is expected of managers with regard to their performance results?
Which of the following best describes the role of the service delivery structure within the Ministry of Health and Population?
Which of the following best describes the role of the service delivery structure within the Ministry of Health and Population?
Which organizational structure within the Ministry of Health and Population is primarily concerned with governance and administration?
Which organizational structure within the Ministry of Health and Population is primarily concerned with governance and administration?
How many functional structures are identified in the organization of the Ministry of Health and Population?
How many functional structures are identified in the organization of the Ministry of Health and Population?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the organizational structure of the Ministry of Health and Population?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the organizational structure of the Ministry of Health and Population?
What is the primary purpose of a health system?
What is the primary purpose of a health system?
Which of the following components is NOT part of a health system?
Which of the following components is NOT part of a health system?
Which aspect is included in defining a health system?
Which aspect is included in defining a health system?
What is a key characteristic of all entities involved in a health system?
What is a key characteristic of all entities involved in a health system?
Which of the following best describes the role of institutions in a health system?
Which of the following best describes the role of institutions in a health system?
What is a defining characteristic of general hospitals?
What is a defining characteristic of general hospitals?
How many beds are generally found in a general hospital?
How many beds are generally found in a general hospital?
In which locations are general hospitals typically available?
In which locations are general hospitals typically available?
Which of the following statements is true regarding general hospitals?
Which of the following statements is true regarding general hospitals?
Which statement correctly distinguishes general hospitals from other healthcare facilities?
Which statement correctly distinguishes general hospitals from other healthcare facilities?
Flashcards
Healthcare System
Healthcare System
A group of organizations, resources, and people working together to improve health.
Purpose of Healthcare System
Purpose of Healthcare System
The main goal is to positively influence the health of the population.
Components of Healthcare System
Components of Healthcare System
Hospitals, clinics, pharmacies, insurance companies, and government agencies are all examples.
Role of Healthcare Professionals
Role of Healthcare Professionals
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Diversity in Healthcare Systems
Diversity in Healthcare Systems
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Disease and Injury Prevention
Disease and Injury Prevention
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Health Services
Health Services
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Services for Specific Groups
Services for Specific Groups
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Primary Care
Primary Care
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Specialist Medicine
Specialist Medicine
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Managerial Authority
Managerial Authority
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Managerial Accountability
Managerial Accountability
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Assessment Mechanism
Assessment Mechanism
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Target Population Participation
Target Population Participation
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Civil Society Participation
Civil Society Participation
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Economic Departments
Economic Departments
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Income Generation by Government Providers
Income Generation by Government Providers
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User Fees
User Fees
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Self-Financing in Government Healthcare
Self-Financing in Government Healthcare
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Financial Autonomy of Government Healthcare
Financial Autonomy of Government Healthcare
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General Hospitals
General Hospitals
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Location of General Hospitals
Location of General Hospitals
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What are the two functional structures of the MOHP?
What are the two functional structures of the MOHP?
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What does the administrative structure of the MOHP do?
What does the administrative structure of the MOHP do?
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What is the purpose of the service delivery structure of the MOHP?
What is the purpose of the service delivery structure of the MOHP?
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What is the goal of the service delivery structure?
What is the goal of the service delivery structure?
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How do the two structures of the MOHP work together?
How do the two structures of the MOHP work together?
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Study Notes
Healthcare System Components
- Healthcare delivery is organized societal response to health problems and needs
- Countries vary in income, health issues, response organization, and management levels
- Quality of healthcare involves coverage, access, equity, efficient resource use, and financing
- Substantial health system changes are needed, including a more significant role of primary healthcare and increased market efficiency
- Essential economic incentives for health providers are crucial
What is a Healthcare System?
- A health system comprises organizations, institutions, resources, and people improving health
- Includes influencing health determinants and direct improvement activities
- Comprises preventive, promotive, curative, and rehabilitative interventions
- Responsiveness and financial fairness in healthcare are essential (while treating people with dignity)
Functions of the Healthcare System
- Health services like environmental health, promotion, prevention, primary and specialist care, hospital services, and specific groups support
- Production and maintenance of health facilities, medicine, and instruments.
- Education and training of health professionals (undergraduate & postgraduate)
- Research and development (health research, technology development, assessment, & transfer, and quality control)
- National Health Systems management (health policy, strategy development, sector coordination, regulation, and manpower use)
- Health financing (funds mobilization & allocation)
Characteristics of a Good Health System
- Comprehensive: Covers many health services needed by the population (preventive, curative, palliative, rehabilitative)
- Accessible: No barriers to service access through cost, language, culture, and location
- Comprehensive: Covers all in a defined population
- Continuous: Patient care across different levels and the patient's life cycle
- Quality: Effective, safe, responsive, and timely care
- Coordination: Active coordination between different service providers across diverse care levels, service types, and needs (routine and emergency)
Stakeholder Definitions
- Patients: Individuals with health issues, family members, and support groups
- Clinicians: Healthcare providers (doctors, nurses, assistants, etc.) and related professionals
- Researchers: Health study conductors and funders (and organizations representing researchers)
- Purchasers: Organizations that provide health benefits and individuals (companies, unions, coalitions)
- Hospitals/Health Systems: Public and private hospitals, medical clinics, and their associations
Healthcare System Challenges
- Difficulty improving maternal and child health, and reducing diseases (HIV/AIDS, TB, malaria)
- Aging population, increased lifestyle risks, and growing non-communicable diseases
- Cost increase, lack of community participation, and ineffective inter-sectoral collaborations
- Inappropriate and Ineffective hospital care
- Lack of communication between patients and providers
WHO Health Systems Framework
- The WHO framework defines health systems in terms of six building blocks
- Components include service provision, health workforce, information systems, access to medicines and technologies, financing, and leadership/governance
Health Care Levels
- First Level: Self-care within the family or community
- Second Level: Primary care from a qualified practitioner (GP, family doctor) to address symptoms or concerns
- Third Level: Specialty care from specialists in hospitals (eg. neurosurgery, internal medicine)
Dimensions of Healthcare Quality
- Safety: Minimizes negative outcomes for patients and providers
- Effectiveness: Scientific knowledge for desired outcomes
- Efficiency: Cost-effective service provision
- Timeliness: Appropriate patient waiting times
- Patient-Centered: Patient-centered care, respectful care, and patient input
- Equitability: Equal access to care for all, regardless of individual differences
- Appropriateness: Care suitable to patients' needs
Healthcare Accreditation
- A process where a non-profit organization assesses facilities for safety and quality of care
- Helps improve public confidence, efficiency, and quality standards
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