Podcast
Questions and Answers
How does the World Health Organization (WHO) define health?
How does the World Health Organization (WHO) define health?
Which factors can influence an individual's perception of health?
Which factors can influence an individual's perception of health?
What is an example of a positive health behavior?
What is an example of a positive health behavior?
How can life conditions affect health prior to the onset of illness?
How can life conditions affect health prior to the onset of illness?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a negative health behavior?
Which of the following is NOT considered a negative health behavior?
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What is the significance of esteem needs in Maslow's hierarchy?
What is the significance of esteem needs in Maslow's hierarchy?
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In Maslow's hierarchy, which need must be fulfilled first?
In Maslow's hierarchy, which need must be fulfilled first?
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What best describes self-actualization according to Maslow's model?
What best describes self-actualization according to Maslow's model?
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How does the holistic health model interact with the aspects of Maslow's hierarchy?
How does the holistic health model interact with the aspects of Maslow's hierarchy?
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What aspect of health care does the hierarchy of needs model primarily inform for nurses?
What aspect of health care does the hierarchy of needs model primarily inform for nurses?
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How do family practices influence health behaviors?
How do family practices influence health behaviors?
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What socioeconomic factors can influence health priorities?
What socioeconomic factors can influence health priorities?
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In what way does cultural background affect health practices?
In what way does cultural background affect health practices?
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Which statement accurately reflects the impact of religious practices on health?
Which statement accurately reflects the impact of religious practices on health?
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How can socioeconomic factors influence a person's reaction to illness?
How can socioeconomic factors influence a person's reaction to illness?
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What does the Health Belief Model focus on in relation to health behaviors?
What does the Health Belief Model focus on in relation to health behaviors?
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According to the Health Promotion Model, what is the desired behavioral outcome?
According to the Health Promotion Model, what is the desired behavioral outcome?
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Which of the following needs is considered the foundation of Maslow's hierarchy?
Which of the following needs is considered the foundation of Maslow's hierarchy?
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What type of needs do individuals seek after physiological needs are met according to Maslow's hierarchy?
What type of needs do individuals seek after physiological needs are met according to Maslow's hierarchy?
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How can patients' health behaviors be influenced, as described in health models?
How can patients' health behaviors be influenced, as described in health models?
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What is one primary goal of nursing models in relation to patient care?
What is one primary goal of nursing models in relation to patient care?
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Which of the following describes the unique aspect of the Health Promotion Model?
Which of the following describes the unique aspect of the Health Promotion Model?
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What primary type of needs does Maslow's hierarchy highlight before other psychological needs?
What primary type of needs does Maslow's hierarchy highlight before other psychological needs?
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Which level of preventive care focuses on individuals who are healthy and aims at health promotion?
Which level of preventive care focuses on individuals who are healthy and aims at health promotion?
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What is a primary goal of secondary prevention?
What is a primary goal of secondary prevention?
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Which of the following best describes tertiary prevention?
Which of the following best describes tertiary prevention?
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In which settings is secondary prevention most commonly delivered?
In which settings is secondary prevention most commonly delivered?
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Which of the following activities is included in primary prevention efforts?
Which of the following activities is included in primary prevention efforts?
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What is the correct sequence of phases a patient typically goes through after experiencing a significant change in body image due to illness?
What is the correct sequence of phases a patient typically goes through after experiencing a significant change in body image due to illness?
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Which aspect is NOT included in the self-concept definition?
Which aspect is NOT included in the self-concept definition?
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What common adjustment dynamically occurs within families when a member experiences an illness?
What common adjustment dynamically occurs within families when a member experiences an illness?
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How do families generally cope with long-term role changes resulting from an illness?
How do families generally cope with long-term role changes resulting from an illness?
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What impact does an illness have on family dynamics?
What impact does an illness have on family dynamics?
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Study Notes
Health and Wellness Nursing, Healing, and Caring
- The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as a "state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" (WHO, 1947).
- Health is a state of being that people define based on their values, personality, and lifestyle. Each person has a unique concept of health.
- Individual views on health differ across cultures.
- Life conditions, such as socioeconomic factors (environment, diet, lifestyle choices), can impact health before illness arises.
- Health beliefs directly affect health perceptions and definitions.
- A person's health behavior can either positively or negatively influence their health.
- Positive behaviors maintain, attain, or regain health and prevent illness (e.g., immunizations, proper sleep, exercise, stress management, nutrition).
- Negative behaviors are harmful to health (e.g., smoking, drug/alcohol abuse, poor diet, refusal of necessary medication).
Models of Health and Illness
- Nurses use models to understand patient attitudes and values regarding health and illness.
- Nursing models help understand and predict patient health behaviors, including how they use health services and comply with therapy.
- Individualized care plans are developed based on these models to effectively restore/promote health.
Health Belief Model
- The model focuses on the relationship between a person's beliefs and behaviors.
- For example, a patient needs to acknowledge the familial link to coronary artery disease. Patient perceptions about the seriousness of their condition can influence how they care for themselves.
Health Promotion Model
- The model recognizes the unique personal characteristics and experiences of each person.
- Behavioral variables can be modified through nursing actions.
- Health-promoting behaviors are the desired outcome and lead to improved health, enhanced functional ability, and better quality of life at all stages of development.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
- Nurses use Maslow's hierarchy of needs to understand the interrelationships of basic human needs.
- Basic human needs (e.g., food, water, safety, love) are essential for survival and health.
- All people share fundamental human needs, though individual needs may vary.
- Physiological needs take precedence over higher-level needs.
Holistic Health Model
- The relationship between the body, mind, and spirit profoundly affects a person's health level.
- Holistic nursing considers the emotional, spiritual, social, cultural, and physical aspects of wellness.
- Examples of holistic interventions: meditation, music therapy, reminiscence therapy, relaxation therapy, therapeutic touch, guided imagery.
- The model empowers patients to actively participate in recovery and take responsibility for maintaining their health.
Variables Influencing Health and Health Beliefs
Internal Variables
- Development stage affects thoughts and behaviors, impacting the perception of illness.
- Fear and anxiety are prevalent among ill children.
- Education, background, traditions, and past experiences shape health beliefs.
- Intellectual background significantly influences how patients perceive health.
- Patients’ emotional states (stress, depression, fear) can affect beliefs and practices about health.
- Spirituality affects values, beliefs and behaviours regarding health and life.
External Variables
- Family perceptions and behaviors (e.g., health practices, history of preventive care) influence patients’ health beliefs.
- Socioeconomic factors (e.g., high utility bills, large family, low income) influence priorities related to health care.
- Cultural background shapes beliefs, values, and customs which impact approaches to healthcare, personal practices, relationship with patients and beliefs about health causes and remedies.
Variables Influencing Health Behaviors
- Lifestyle includes a person's typical activities and routines that are socially acceptable.
- Lifestyle habits can positively or negatively influence overall health status.
Self-Efficacy
- Individual's perception of their own ability to perform a specific task, directly relates to health behaviors and how to effectively modify them
- Nurses promote this by allowing patients to make informed decisions, and providing opportunities to successfully make behavioral changes for increased self-motivation
Health Care Attitudes
- Health behaviors are rooted in beliefs.
- Socialization within the family shapes beliefs about healthcare.
- Nontraditional health practices (herbal remedies, folk healers) can enhance or conflict with conventional treatments.
- Gender differences can influence health beliefs.
Health Promotion, Wellness, and Illness Prevention
- Modern healthcare emphasizes health promotion, wellness, and illness prevention.
- Concepts are aimed at the future by reducing the incidence of illness and disability.
- The differences between these concepts lie in the different motivations and goals.
Levels of Preventive Care
- Primary prevention focuses on healthy individuals.
- Secondary prevention is involved with individuals who have health problems or conditions that may worsen.
- Tertiary prevention involves individuals with permanent or irreversible defects/disabilities
Impact of Illness on Patient and Family
- Illness affects both the individual and family. Illness can impact behavioral/emotional reactions, body image, self concept, family roles, and family dynamics.
- Symptoms visibility influences how people perceive themselves and their illnesses.
- Short-term, non-life threatening illnesses/disabilities often have less impact on behavior and functioning than long-term/disabling illnesses.
Nurse's Role in Health Promotion, Health Protection, and Disease Prevention
- Nurses play a key role in health promotion, health protection, and disease prevention.
- They act as both teachers and counselors, facilitating patients' and families' ability to adopt healthy behaviors.
- Nurses motivate patients to develop necessary lifestyle changes to promote health.
- A successful approach that nurses use: Identifying patient's needs, building trust, and providing appropriate information.
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Description
Explore the various definitions and perceptions of health in this quiz focused on Health and Wellness Nursing. Learn how cultural factors and individual beliefs shape health behaviors and their impact on overall well-being. Test your knowledge on the positive and negative influences on health.
