Headache Disorders Quiz

Study Notes

Incidence of HA is rare, with 50% being space-occupying lesions.
Features include bilateral and posterior pain, typically affecting those over 40 years of age.
Treatment often involves Indomethacin in dosages of 50-200 mg/day.
Primary headaches can present as 2 severe HAs occurring abruptly, with maximum intensity reached within 3 months; cranial autonomic symptoms are generally absent.
Symptomatic headaches may relate to conditions like sleep apnea, nocturnal hypertension, hypoglycemia, medication overuse, or intracranial disorders.
Common characteristics of symptomatic HAs include mild to moderate pain in individuals over 50, often bilateral, and can be persistent or episodic.

Moderate/severe TBI is characterized by loss of consciousness (LOC) lasting over 30 minutes, a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score under 13 for 24 hours, or ALOC for over 24 hours.
Imaging evidence such as skull fractures or intracranial hemorrhages (ICH) supports the diagnosis of moderate/severe TBI.
Mild TBI lacks features of moderate/severe TBI but involves symptoms like confusion or impaired consciousness, loss of memory for recent events, and physical symptoms (nausea, visual disturbances, vertigo).

Often caused by sudden acceleration/deceleration of the neck, whether from high or low impact.
Symptoms typically manifest within 7 days of the incident.

Occur within 7 days post-craniotomy, particularly after regaining consciousness or pain sensation.
Must differentiate from secondary causes such as cervicogenic headaches, CSF leaks, infections, or ICH.
Commonly arise after skull base surgery, typically localizing pain to the surgical site but may present as diffuse.

Acute disorders resolve within 3 months post-stabilization, while persistent ones last over 3 months.
Acute ischemic strokes can result in headaches, often accompanied by symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, or hemiparesis.
Locations of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) typically correlate with hypertension or cerebral amyloid angiopathy.

Most commonly caused by ruptured saccular aneurysms, presenting as sudden thunderclap headaches with potential for focal neurological symptoms.
Risk factors include genetic predispositions, hypertension, and lifestyle factors like smoking and drug use.

Presents with headaches often accompanied by symptoms such as pulsatile tinnitus and ophthalmoplegia.
Typically affects individuals in their 50s-60s and can relate to past trauma or opportunistic infections.

Diagnosed when cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure exceeds normal levels, often presenting with headaches, papilledema, and pulsatile tinnitus.
Imaging findings may include empty sella turcica or optic nerve sheath distension.
Commonly affects obese females of childbearing age.

Conditions such as CSF hypotension lead to neurological symptoms including headaches that can mimic other headaches in presentation.

Includes burning mouth syndrome, persistent idiopathic facial pain, and pain associated with cerebrovascular accidents.

Conditions such as MELAS and CADASIL highlight specific genetic markers and mutations associated with migraines or progression of headache diseases.
PACNS highlights the importance of differentiating headache causes in the context of primary inflammatory disorders affecting the central nervous system.