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Questions and Answers
What are the main functions of teeth?
What are the main functions of teeth?
What are the two main portions of a tooth?
What are the two main portions of a tooth?
Crown and root
The crown of a tooth is covered with enamel and the root is covered with cementum.
The crown of a tooth is covered with enamel and the root is covered with cementum.
True
The line formed at the junction of the crown and root is known as the ______ line.
The line formed at the junction of the crown and root is known as the ______ line.
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What is the difference between the anatomic crown and the clinical crown?
What is the difference between the anatomic crown and the clinical crown?
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Which of the following describes the morphology of tooth roots?
Which of the following describes the morphology of tooth roots?
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What is the hardest substance in the human body?
What is the hardest substance in the human body?
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What is the main function of dentin?
What is the main function of dentin?
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Dentin can form secondary dentin in response to cavities or trauma, but it is unable to repair itself.
Dentin can form secondary dentin in response to cavities or trauma, but it is unable to repair itself.
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What is cementum's main function?
What is cementum's main function?
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Cementum is composed entirely of inorganic materials.
Cementum is composed entirely of inorganic materials.
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What is the pulp's primary function?
What is the pulp's primary function?
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What is the name for the portion of the jawbone that supports the teeth?
What is the name for the portion of the jawbone that supports the teeth?
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Which type of tooth is designed for cutting food?
Which type of tooth is designed for cutting food?
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Premolars are present in both the primary and permanent dentition.
Premolars are present in both the primary and permanent dentition.
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What is the main function of molars?
What is the main function of molars?
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What are the five surfaces of a tooth?
What are the five surfaces of a tooth?
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Which surface is closest to the tongue?
Which surface is closest to the tongue?
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The area between adjacent tooth surfaces is called the interproximal space.
The area between adjacent tooth surfaces is called the interproximal space.
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When surfaces meet, their names are combined, for example ______ refers to the combination of mesial and incisal surfaces.
When surfaces meet, their names are combined, for example ______ refers to the combination of mesial and incisal surfaces.
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To help identify specific areas within a tooth, the root and crown can be divided into thirds, both vertically and horizontally.
To help identify specific areas within a tooth, the root and crown can be divided into thirds, both vertically and horizontally.
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Study Notes
Head and Neck Anatomy Lecture #2: The Tooth: Functions and Terms
- Teeth are crucial for acquiring and chewing food, aiding digestion by breaking down food, and forming a physical barrier for the oral cavity.
- Teeth are essential for speech and aesthetics.
- Teeth support facial musculature.
Crown and Root
- Each tooth has a crown and root portion.
- The crown is covered with enamel.
- The root is covered with cementum.
- The root and crown are joined at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ).
- The CEJ is also known as the cervical line.
Tooth Tissues: Enamel, Dental, Cementum, and Pulp
- Enamel forms the outer surface of the anatomic crown.
- Enamel is thickest at the tip (apex) of the crown.
- Enamel color varies with mineralization and thickness.
- Enamel is primarily composed of inorganic matter (96%) and organic matter (4%).
- Enamel is durable and resistant to wear from harsh acids, bacteria, and severe grinding.
Dentin
- Dentin forms the bulk of the tooth.
- Dentin is wrapped in an enamel and cementum envelope.
- Dentin is softer than enamel, typically yellowish in color.
- Dentin is composed of 70% inorganic and 30% organic matter.
- Dentin can add to itself by forming secondary dentin in response to cavities or trauma.
- Repaired dentin is called reparative dentin.
Cementum
- Cementum is a thin, bone-like substance covering the root.
- Cementum provides attachment to the alveolar bone via periodontal ligament fibers.
- Cementum is composed of 45-50% inorganic and 50-55% organic components, making it softer than dentin and enamel.
- Acellular cementum covers the entire anatomic root, while cellular cementum covers the apical third of the root.
Dental Pulp
- The dental pulp system is responsible for nourishing, sensory, and dentin-reparative functions of the tooth.
- The pulp system is anatomically divided into a pulp chamber and pulp canals.
- The pulp chamber is housed within the crown portion of the tooth.
- Pulp canals are located within the root portion of the tooth.
- Pulp horns extend into the cusps of the teeth.
Tooth Surfaces
- Each tooth has 5 surfaces: facial/labial, occlusal, lingual/palatal, mesial, and distal.
- The facial surface faces the front/cheek.
- The occlusal surface is for chewing.
- The lingual surface faces the tongue/palate.
- The mesial surface is toward the midline of the mouth.
- The distal surface is away from the midline of the mouth.
- Incisal edges are specific to anterior teeth.
Tooth Surfaces (cont.)
- When teeth are adjacent, the contacting surfaces are called proximal.
- The area between adjacent teeth is the interproximal space.
- Combined names are used when combining surface areas, i.e. mesioincisal, distolingual.
Dividing the Tooth into Thirds
- To identify areas within a tooth surface, the root and crown are divided vertically and horizontally into thirds.
- The divisions are apical, middle, and cervical.
Types and Functions of Teeth
- Humans are omnivores and teeth are diverse in size, shape and location for differing diets (meat and plants).
- Teeth's functions include cutting, tearing, and grinding (mastication).
- Permanent dentition includes incisors, canines, premolars, and molars.
Incisor Teeth
- Incisors are single-rooted teeth with a sharp biting edge (incisal edge).
- Incisors are located at the front of the mouth for cutting food without heavy forces.
- Their shape aids in guiding food into the mouth.
Canine Teeth
- Canines are located at the corners of the dental arch.
- Canines are for gripping, holding, and tearing food.
- They have a strong and sturdy crown, long root, and a stable location within the dental arch.
- Canines are often referred to as cornerstones of the dental arch because of these attributes.
Premolar Teeth
- Four premolars (bicuspids) exist in each dental arch.
- Premolars are smaller than molars.
- Premolar teeth are used for holding and grinding food.
Molar Teeth
- Molars are the largest, broadest teeth designed for chewing.
- Six molars exist in each dental arch.
- They work to pulverize and grind food for digestion.
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Description
This quiz covers essential aspects of tooth anatomy, including the crown, root, and various tooth tissues such as enamel, dentin, and cementum. It highlights the functions of teeth in digestion, speech, and aesthetics, alongside their structural characteristics. Test your knowledge on the critical roles of teeth in oral health and overall well-being.
