HBF 102: Passive Transport Quiz
19 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following substances can pass through cell membrane by simple diffusion?

  • Glucose
  • CO2 (correct)
  • Amino acids
  • Protein
  • Polypeptide hormones

    • Which of the following forces is responsible for filtration?

  • Hydrostatic pressure (correct)
  • Kinetic energy
  • Osmotic pressure
  • Colloidal pressure
  • Oncotic pressure

    • Which of the following substances can pass through cell membrane by facilitated diffusion?

  • CO2
  • O2
  • Polypeptide hormones
  • Amino acid (correct)
  • Steroid hormone

    • Define solvent drag and give one example.

    <p>Solvent drag is the movement of a solute through a membrane due to the movement of its solvent. One example is the movement of urea through the renal tubules, which is dragged along with the water that is being reabsorbed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances has the highest partition coefficient?

    <p>CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main force driving simple diffusion?

    <p>Random thermal motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Facilitated diffusion requires energy.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Passive transport moves substances from high concentration to low concentration.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Simple diffusion requires carrier proteins.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the five types of passive transport?

    <p>Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, filtration, and solvent drag.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between simple and facilitated diffusion?

    <p>Simple diffusion does not require carrier proteins, while facilitated diffusion relies on carrier proteins to facilitate the movement of the substance across the membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the three criteria of facilitated diffusion.

    <p>Saturation, stereo specificity, and competition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the factors affecting the rate of diffusion?

    <p>Permeability, surface area for diffusion, and concentration gradient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for permeability in diffusion?

    <p>P = KD/X</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors affect permeability?

    <p>Partition coefficient, diffusion coefficient, and the thickness of the membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A larger solute size leads to a higher diffusion coefficient.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The diffusion coefficient is inversely proportional to the molecular weight of the substance.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another way to express the diffusion coefficient?

    <p>Fick's law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of biological membranes in which transport occurs in our body?

    <p>Capillary membrane and cell membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Course Information

    • Faculty: Medicine
    • University: Helwan National University
    • Academic Year: 2024-2025
    • Year: 1
    • Semester: 1
    • Module: Human Body Function (HBF) 102

    Passive Transport

    • Lecturer: Ashraf Algendy, Professor
    • Department: Medical Physiology
    • Topic: Passive Transport

    Objectives

    • Clarify the importance of biological transport
    • Identify biological membranes that enclose body fluid compartments
    • Categorize different types of transport
    • Describe different types of passive transport
    • Outline the various types of passive transport

    Importance of Transport

    • Supplies tissues with oxygen and nutrients
    • Removes waste products and carbon dioxide
    • Facilitates communication between tissues
    • Crucial for immunity
    • Enables essential physiological function of secretory products

    Transport in the Body

    • Occurs through two types of membranes:
      • Capillary membrane (between plasma and tissue fluid (ISF))
      • Cell membrane (between intracellular fluid (ICF) and ISF)

    Diagram of Alveolar and Capillary Structure

    • Demonstrates the alveolar and capillary parts of the respiratory system, including:
      • Alveolar epithelial cells
      • Surfactant
      • Alveolar lumen
      • Basement membrane of alveolar epithelium
      • Interstitium
      • Basement membrane of capillary endothelium
      • Endothelial cells
      • Plasma
      • Red cell membrane
      • Intraerythrocyte fluid
      • Hb molecule

    Types of Transport Mechanisms (Diagram)

    • Passive diffusion (oxygen)
    • Diffusion through aqueous channel (sodium)
    • Facilitated diffusion with a carrier protein (glucose)
    • Active transport against concentration gradient with input of energy (potassium)

    Transport Summary

    • Passive transport: Does not need energy; moves from high to low concentration (downhill).
      • Includes: Simple diffusion, Facilitated diffusion, Osmosis, Filtration (bulk flow), Solvent drag
    • Active transport: Needs energy; moves from low to high concentration (uphill).

    Diffusion

    • The tendency of a substance to spread out to fill available space
    • Materials move from high to low concentration
    • Does not require energy

    Simple Diffusion

    • Driven by random thermal motion (kinetic energy)
    • Transports:
      • Lipid-soluble substances through the lipid bilayer
      • Small, uncharged, lipid-insoluble substances through the lipid bilayer
      • Ions through channels

    Facilitated Diffusion

    • Uses carrier proteins or channels for substance passage.
    • Transport of glucose across cell membranes using glucose transporters
    • Amino acid transport across cell membranes using amino acid transporters.
    • Urea transport across cell membranes using urea transporters

    Criteria for Facilitated Diffusion

    • Saturation: A transporter has a limited number of binding sites for a solute; reaches a maximum transport rate
    • Stereospecificity: Each carrier is specific for certain substances, or even specific isomers
    • Competition: A specific site of certain molecules (like D-glucose), on a carrier could be occupied by related compounds (like D-galactose), hindering transport of the original molecule

    Factors affecting rate of diffusion (Formula)

    • J = PA (CA-CB)
      • J: Net rate of diffusion
      • P: Permeability
      • A: Surface area
      • CA: Concentration in solution A
      • СB: Concentration in solution B

    Factors affecting permeability

    - Partition coefficient (K) - ratio of oil/water solubility; high K, high permeability
- Diffusion coefficient (D) - Stockes-Einstein equation (dependent on solute size and viscosity)

    Filtration

    • Passage of water from high to low concentration
    • High hydrostatic pressure forces water through capillary membranes/renal tubules
    • Facilitates water reabsorption due to osmosis

    Starling Forces

    • Critical for filtration
      • Capillary hydrostatic pressure
      • Tissue hydrostatic pressure
      • Tissue oncotic pressure
      • Capillary oncotic pressure

    Transporter types

    • Uniport
    • Symport
    • Antiport
    • Cotransport

    Solvent Drag

    • Diffusion of solute following the diffusion of its solvent
    • Solvent drags solute to be reabsorbed

    Additional Question

    • Question: Which of the following substances can pass through a cell membrane by simple diffusion?

      • Correct answer: CO2

    • Question: Which substance has the highest partition coefficient?

      • Correct answer: CO2

    • Question: What force is responsible for filtration?

    • Correct Answer: Hydrostatic pressure

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Lecture 3 - Passive Transport (Helwan National University)

    Description

    Test your knowledge on passive transport mechanisms as discussed in the Human Body Function module. This quiz covers the importance of biological transport, types of membranes involved, and the categories of passive transport. Prepare to explore the physiological significance of these processes in the human body.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser