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Questions and Answers

What type of measurement is represented by '0.9 mL'?

  • Length
  • Weight
  • Time
  • Volume (correct)

    • What is the unit for 2.4 cm?

    Centimeters

    Identify the type of measurement for 19 kg.

    Weight

    What does 41 h represent?

    <p>Hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of measurement is 373 K?

    <p>Temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Write in scientific notation: 190,000,000 g = ________.

    <p>1.9 x 10^8 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Convert 0.00023 m to scientific notation: ________.

    <p>2.3 x 10^-4 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Write as scientific notation: 345 °C = ________.

    <p>3.45 x 10^2 °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Express 0.23 mL in scientific notation: ________.

    <p>2.3 x 10^-1 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Write in scientific notation: 0.054 s = ________.

    <p>5.4 x 10^-2 s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Express 4200 cm as scientific notation: ________.

    <p>4.2 x 10^3 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is smaller: 4.9 × 10^-3 s or 5.5 × 10^-9 s? The smaller value is ________.

    <p>5.5 x 10^-9 s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the smaller value between 1250 kg or 3.4 x 10^2 kg: ________.

    <p>3.4 x 10^2 kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which number is smaller: 0.0000004 m or 5 × 10^-8 m? The answer is ________.

    <p>0.0000004 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the prefixes with their numerical values:

    <p>Centi = 100 Kilo = 1000 Milli = 0.001 Micro = 0.000001</p> Signup and view all the answers

    1 kg = ________ g.

    <p>1000 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    1 mL = ________ L.

    <p>0.001 L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    1 g = ________ kg.

    <p>0.001 kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    1 g = ________ μg.

    <p>1,000,000 μg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Indicate which of the following is measured or exact: There are 24 students in the laboratory.

    <p>Exact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is 1.2 × 10^8 a measured or exact number?

    <p>Measured</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mass of an aquamarine gem is 104 kg. Is this measured or exact?

    <p>Measured</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A laboratory test shows a blood cholesterol level of 201 mg/100 mL. Is this measured or exact?

    <p>Measured</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many significant figures are in 40.9 °C?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of significant figures in 9.00 m?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Determine significant figures in 0.000040 L.

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the number of significant figures in 1208 y.

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Count the significant figures in 8.006 × 10^9 g.

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the significant figures in 30.20 L?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Look at the number 3081.80 g and state its significant figures: ________.

    <p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many significant figures does 8.00 m have? The answer is ________.

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Count the significant figures in 42.1 °C: ________.

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify whether 28.33 g or 2.8 × 10^5 g has fewer significant figures.

    <p>2.8 × 10^5 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the pair of numbers, which has fewer significant figures: 0.0250 m or 0.2005 m?

    <p>0.0250 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the smaller quantity from this set: 0.0120 s and 12561 s.

    <p>0.0120 s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which has fewer significant figures: 4.1 × 10^(-2) L or 4.10 × 10^5 L?

    <p>4.1 × 10^(-2) L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Round off 3.645 kg to three significant figures: ________.

    <p>3.65 kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would 652.5840 L be rounded to in three significant figures? ________.

    <p>653 L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 0.0045856305 cm rounded to three significant figures? ________.

    <p>0.00459 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Round 7055 m to three significant figures: ________.

    <p>7060 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 2.651 × 10^5 s rounded to three significant figures? ________.

    <p>2.65 × 10^5 s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is 1 L of water equal to ________ mL?

    <p>1000 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the density for a fluid in a car battery if its volume is 105 cm3 and mass is 115 g? Provide the formula.

    <p>D = M/V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the density for a plastic material that weighs 3.42 kg and has a volume of 5.1 L?

    <p>D = 3.42 kg/5.1 L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of energy is represented by the energy in your food?

    <p>Potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is a tightly wound spring an example of potential or kinetic energy?

    <p>Potential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which describes kinetic energy?

    <p>A car speeding down the freeway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Does a melting chocolate bar involve physical or chemical change?

    <p>Physical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List the states of matter from the particle perspective:

    <p>Solid, liquid, gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is condensation described?

    <p>Transition from gas to liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Measurement Types

    • Various types of measurements include distance (km), weight (kg), temperature (°C), and volume (L).
    • Measured examples: 21 km (distance), 22 kg (weight), 33°C (temperature), 3.1 L (volume).

    Unit Identification

    • Common units:
      • 0.9 mL = milliliters (volume)
      • 2.4 cm = centimeters (length)
      • 19 kg = kilograms (weight)
      • 41 h = hours (time)
      • 373 K = Kelvin (temperature)

    Scientific Notation

    • Conversion to scientific notation:
      • 190,000,000 g = 1.9 x 10^8 g
      • 0.00023 m = 2.3 x 10^-4 m
      • 345 °C = 3.45 x 10^2 °C
      • 0.23 mL = 2.3 x 10^-1 mL
      • 0.054 s = 5.4 x 10^-2 s
      • 4200 cm = 4.2 x 10^3 cm

    Significant Figures

    • Smaller numbers in comparisons:
      • 4.9 × 10^-3 s < 5.5 × 10^-9 s
      • 1250 kg < 3.4 x 10^2 kg
      • 0.0000004 m < 5 x 10^-8 m
      • 2.50 × 10^2 g > 4 × 10^-2 g

    Standard Numbers and Rounding

    • Conversion from scientific to standard form:
      • 3.6 × 10^-5 L = 0.000036 L
      • 8.75 × 10^4 cm = 87500 cm
      • 3 × 10^-2 mL = 0.03 mL
      • 2.12 × 10^5 kg = 212000 kg
    • Rounding examples to three significant figures:
      • 3.645 kg → 3.66 kg
      • 652.5840 L → 653 L
      • 0.0045856305 cm → 0.00459 cm

    Measured vs Exact Numbers

    • Exact numbers involve counting, while measured numbers have uncertainty:
      • 24 students (exact count)
      • 1.2 × 10^8 years (measured)
      • 104 kg (measured weight)
      • 201 mg/100 mL (measured value)

    Significant Figures Assessment

    • Identification of significant figures:
      • 40.9 °C = 3
      • 9.00 m = 3
      • 0.000040 L = 2
      • 1208 y = 4
      • 8.006 × 10^9 g = 4
      • 30.20 L = 4
      • 3081.80 g = 6

    Metric Relationships and Units

    • Metric conversions:
      • 1 kg = 1000 g
      • 1 mL = 0.001 L
      • 1 g = 0.001 kg
      • 1 g = 1,000,000 μg

    Unit Comparisons

    • Smaller units:
      • mg < g
      • mm < cm
      • mm < m
      • mL < L
      • mg < kg

    Energy Concepts

    • Classification of energy:
      • Potential energy: food energy, tightly wound springs.
      • Kinetic energy: moving cars, earthquakes.
    • Potential energy increases when moving against gravity (e.g., gondola, pumped water).

    Temperature Conversions

    • Formulas used for temperature conversion between Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin.
    • Examples illustrate conversions between degrees.

    States of Matter

    • Matter classification:
      • Elements: iron (Fe), compounds: propane (C3H8), mixtures: soft drink.
      • Homogeneous: nonfat milk, gasoline; heterogeneous: chocolate-chip ice cream, peanut butter sandwich.

    Properties of Matter

    • Physical properties: color, state at room temperature, resistance to corrosion.
    • Chemical properties: reactivity, combustion in air.

    Energy Calculations

    • Specific heat calculations based on mass, temperature changes, and energy absorbed.
    • Energy changes involve joules and kilocalories based on heat transfer in water.

    Clinical Applications

    • Dosage calculations based on stock on hand, patient weight, and medication concentration.

    Final Calculations

    • Kilocalories from food contents based on carbohydrates, fats, and proteins evaluated through provided caloric values.

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