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Questions and Answers
What is one of the symptoms of electrical shock?
What is one of the symptoms of electrical shock?
- Violent muscle contractions (correct)
- Temporary numbness
- Mild headache
- Slight dizziness
What influences the severity of electrical shock?
What influences the severity of electrical shock?
- Type of clothing worn by the victim
- Duration and magnitude of the shock (correct)
- The victim's height and weight
- Humidity level in the environment
What is the final trauma usually determined by in an electrical shock incident?
What is the final trauma usually determined by in an electrical shock incident?
- Most critical path 'shock circuit' (correct)
- Type of electrical appliances involved
- Magnitude of the shock
- Physical condition of the victim
Why does a given amount of current flow usually cause less trauma to a person in good physical condition?
Why does a given amount of current flow usually cause less trauma to a person in good physical condition?
What is a common consequence of burns caused by electric current involving vital internal organs?
What is a common consequence of burns caused by electric current involving vital internal organs?
What is the formula to approximate the energy produced by current flow through body tissues?
What is the formula to approximate the energy produced by current flow through body tissues?
Why are burns caused by electric current almost always third-degree?
Why are burns caused by electric current almost always third-degree?
What is the effect of higher frequencies on the effects of Joule (I2t) heating?
What is the effect of higher frequencies on the effects of Joule (I2t) heating?
What are the possible effects of higher voltages in electrical injuries?
What are the possible effects of higher voltages in electrical injuries?
What is the main danger of current passage through the body's central nervous system?
What is the main danger of current passage through the body's central nervous system?
At what voltage may the epidermis be punctured, leading to a dramatic increase in current magnitude?
At what voltage may the epidermis be punctured, leading to a dramatic increase in current magnitude?
What is the formula for total current flow when a worker contacts a 120-V circuit due to an internal short-circuit in an electric drill?
What is the formula for total current flow when a worker contacts a 120-V circuit due to an internal short-circuit in an electric drill?
What is the range at which an average individual can let go from an electrical circuit?
What is the range at which an average individual can let go from an electrical circuit?
What is generally more likely to cause ventricular fibrillation?
What is generally more likely to cause ventricular fibrillation?
Which parameter is directly proportional to the energy delivered to the body by current flow?
Which parameter is directly proportional to the energy delivered to the body by current flow?
What is the final trauma usually determined by in an electrical shock incident?
What is the final trauma usually determined by in an electrical shock incident?
What may be a possible symptom of electrical shock?
What may be a possible symptom of electrical shock?
Why are burns caused by electric current almost always third-degree?
Why are burns caused by electric current almost always third-degree?
What does a given amount of current flow usually cause less trauma to a person in good physical condition?
What does a given amount of current flow usually cause less trauma to a person in good physical condition?
What factor influences the severity of electrical shock related to the victim?
What factor influences the severity of electrical shock related to the victim?
What is the main danger of current passage through the body's central nervous system?
What is the main danger of current passage through the body's central nervous system?
What is the formula for approximating the energy produced by current flow through body tissues?
What is the formula for approximating the energy produced by current flow through body tissues?
What can higher voltages cause in electrical injuries?
What can higher voltages cause in electrical injuries?
What is the main danger of current passage through the body's central nervous system?
What is the main danger of current passage through the body's central nervous system?
At what voltage can the epidermis be punctured, leading to a dramatic increase in current magnitude?
At what voltage can the epidermis be punctured, leading to a dramatic increase in current magnitude?
What is the range at which an individual cannot let go, but can be thrown away from the circuit if extensor muscles are involved?
What is the range at which an individual cannot let go, but can be thrown away from the circuit if extensor muscles are involved?
What is the formula for total current flow when a worker contacts a 120-V circuit due to an internal short-circuit in an electric drill?
What is the formula for total current flow when a worker contacts a 120-V circuit due to an internal short-circuit in an electric drill?
What is generally more likely to cause ventricular fibrillation?
What is generally more likely to cause ventricular fibrillation?
What does higher frequency do to the effects of Joule (I2t) heating?
What does higher frequency do to the effects of Joule (I2t) heating?
Why are burns caused by electric current almost always third-degree?
Why are burns caused by electric current almost always third-degree?
What is generally not perceptible at currents below 1 mA?
What is generally not perceptible at currents below 1 mA?
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Study Notes
Symptoms and Severity of Electrical Shock
- Symptoms of electrical shock can include confusion, muscle spasms, and loss of consciousness.
- Severity of electrical shock is influenced by factors like current intensity, duration of exposure, and skin resistance.
- Final trauma from an electrical shock incident is typically determined by the path the current takes through the body.
Impact of Physical Condition and Burns
- A person in good physical condition typically experiences less trauma from the same amount of current due to better body resistance and health.
- Burns from electric current affecting vital internal organs can lead to serious complications like internal damage or organ failure.
- Burns caused by electric current are almost always classified as third-degree due to high thermal energy involved.
Energy and Current Flow Calculations
- The energy produced by current flow through body tissues can be approximated using Joule's heating formula: (E = I^2 \cdot R \cdot t).
- Higher frequencies increase Joule heating effects, leading to greater thermal injuries.
- Total current flow for a worker contacting a 120-V circuit can be calculated based on the specific resistance in the circuit.
Voltage Effects and Ventricular Fibrillation
- Higher voltages in electrical injuries can cause more severe burns, deeper tissue damage, and greater current flow through the body.
- The main danger of current passage through the body's central nervous system is the potential for disrupting vital functions, including cardiac rhythm.
- The epidermis can be penetrated at voltages around 1000 V, significantly increasing current magnitude.
Safety Thresholds and Electrical Circuit Interaction
- An average individual can typically let go from an electrical circuit at currents below 6 mA.
- If extensor muscles are involved, individuals may be thrown away from the circuit but cannot let go when exposed to higher currents.
- Currents below 1 mA are generally imperceptible.
Factors Contributing to Ventricular Fibrillation
- Ventricular fibrillation is more likely to occur at currents between 50 mA and 100 mA.
- The energy delivered to the body by current flow is directly proportional to the square of the current (I²).
Summary of Effects and Consequences
- Main dangers due to electrical injury include burns, organ damage, and potential death.
- Electrical shock can have varying consequences based on voltage, current flow, and the physical condition of the victim.
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