Hatshepsut: The Female Pharaoh of Egypt

10 Questions

What titles did Hatshepsut adopt on Senenmut's inscription at Aswan?

King's daughter, king's sister and great royal wife

What was the name of the temple Hatshepsut built at Buhen?

Temple of Horus of Buhen

What was the name of the shrine Hatshepsut dedicated to the lioness-goddess Pakhet?

Speos Artemidos

What was the condition of the country during most of Hatshepsut's reign?

At peace

What was Hatshepsut's relationship to Thutmose III?

Aunt and nephew

Where did Hatshepsut build a chapel to Amun, which was later completed by Thutmose III?

Medinet Habu

What was the purpose of the story of 'Divine Birth' created by Hatshepsut?

To support her claim to the throne

What was depicted in the lower colonnade of Hatshepsut's mortuary temple at Deir el-Bahari?

Her Nubian campaign and the transport of obelisks

Who is credited with fashioning the child and his kA on his wheel in the story of 'Divine Birth'?

Khnum

What was the material used to embellish the temple of Karnak, according to the text?

Electrum

Study Notes

Hatshepsut's Reign and Titles

Hatshepsut was the aunt, stepmother, and regent of Thutmose III
She adopted the titles 'king's daughter, king's sister, and great royal wife' on Senenmut's inscription at Aswan
She was crowned as a woman king with complete titulature HAt-Spswt-Xnmt-imn 'the foremost of women, who embraces Amun' and MAat kA Ra "Maat is the kA of Re"

Monuments and Constructions

During her 20-year reign, the country was at peace, and gold flowed in from the eastern desert and the south
She expanded monuments in Kom Ombo, Nekhen, Armant, Elephantine, and El Kab in Upper Egypt
Hatshepsut and Thutmose III left numerous remains in Nubia at Qasr Ibrim, Sai, Semna, Faras, and Quban
She built a peripteral temple for Horus of Buhen at Buhen
At Memphis, she had an alabaster jar fragment from the region of Ptah temple and a colossal alabaster sphinx from the Ramesside temple precinct
She dedicated a rock-cut shrine, called Speos Artemidos, to the lioness-goddess Pakhet at Beni Hasan
She rebuilt temples at Hebenu, Hermopolis, and Cusae

Luxor Temple and Mut Temple Complex

She constructed a set of buildings at Luxor temple, the Mut temple, and the Kamutef shrine to describe and celebrate her birth from Amun
At Medinet Habu, she built a chapel to Amun, which was completed by Thutmose III
The temple of Karnak grew under her supervision
She made the ebony shrine at Mut's temple of Isheru
She erected the 8th Pylon as a new southern gateway to the temple precinct

Deir el-Bahari and Divine Birth Story

In her mortuary temple at Deir el-Bahari, the lower colonnade shows her Nubian campaign and the transport of obelisks for Karnak temple
The middle colonnade depicts her expedition to Punt to bring back incense trees, gold, and incense
She invented the story of "Divine Birth" on the north side of the middle colonnade to support her claim to the throne
The story tells of her divine birth as the daughter of god Amun-Re and Queen Ahmose