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Hashing Algorithms in Data Security

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of a Hashing algorithm?

It is a function that can only be used for encryption.
It is a function that can only be used for decryption.
It is a one-way function. (correct)
It is a two-way function.

What is the output size of a SHA-1 hash algorithm?

128-bit
190-bit
256-bit
160-bit (correct)

What is the main difference between Encryption and Hashing?

Encryption is a one-way function, while Hashing is a two-way function.
Encryption is a two-way function, while Hashing is a one-way function. (correct)
Encryption is used for digital signatures, while Hashing is used for password storage.
Encryption is used for password storage, while Hashing is used for digital signatures.

What is the purpose of using a salted hash?

To make the hash more secure against brute-force attacks. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main limitation of the MD5 algorithm?

It is vulnerable to collisions and can be reversed in a fraction of a second. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a Hashing algorithm in password storage?

To store the password in a secure, fixed-length format. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a cryptographic salt in a hashing process?

To eliminate the possibility of precomputed lookup tables (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of algorithm is SHA-256?

Secure Hash Algorithm (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern with using hash algorithms without salts?

They are vulnerable to precomputed attacks (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a rainbow table in password cracking?

To store a map between hashes and passwords (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a cryptographic hash function?

It is irreversible (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using a large salt value in hashing?

It makes it difficult to use precomputed lookup tables (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the default hashing algorithm used by PASSWORD_DEFAULT as of PHP 5.5.0?

bcrypt (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the password_verify() function in PHP?

To check if the input password is correct or incorrect (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of the result from using the PASSWORD_BCRYPT algorithm?

60 characters (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using the password_hash() function in PHP?

It is the easiest and most secure approach (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Argon2i and Argon2id algorithms in PHP?

To hash passwords securely (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the hash produced by the password_hash() function in PHP?

It is a one-way encryption (B) Signup and view all the answers

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