Haryana CET: Haryana GK - History and Geography

• Haryana GK is an important component of the Haryana Common Entrance Test (CET).
• The Haryana CET is a state-level examination conducted by the Haryana Staff Selection Commission (HSSC).
• It is for recruitment to various Group C and Group D posts in the Haryana government.
• Haryana GK covers a wide range of topics related to the state of Haryana.
• These topics include its history, geography, economy, culture, and current affairs.
• A strong understanding of Haryana GK is essential for success in the Haryana CET exam.

History

• The history of Haryana dates back to the Vedic period.
• The region was the site of the Kurukshetra War, a major event in Hindu mythology.
• Haryana has been ruled by various empires, including the Mauryas, the Guptas, and the Mughals.
• The state played a significant role in the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
• Haryana was carved out of Punjab on November 1, 1966, as a separate state.

Geography

• Haryana is located in the northern part of India.
• It is bordered by Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Delhi.
• The state is largely plain, with the exception of the Shivalik Hills in the northeast.
• The major rivers flowing through Haryana are the Yamuna and the Ghaggar.
• The climate of Haryana is hot and dry in summer and cold in winter.

Economy

• Haryana has a predominantly agricultural economy.
• It is one of the leading producers of wheat, rice, and sugarcane in India.
• The state also has a growing industrial sector, particularly in the areas of automobiles, textiles, and pharmaceuticals.
• Gurgaon, a city in Haryana, is a major IT and financial hub.
• The state government has been promoting tourism to boost the economy.

Culture

• The culture of Haryana is a blend of various influences.
• Hindi and Haryanvi are the main languages spoken in the state.
• Traditional Haryanvi folk dances include the Ghoomar, the Khoria, and the Jhumar.
• The state is known for its traditional handicrafts, such as pottery, weaving, and embroidery.
• Haryana celebrates various festivals, including Diwali, Holi, and Dussehra, as well as its own harvest festivals.

Current Affairs

• Current affairs related to Haryana cover recent events, government policies, and important developments in the state.
• Candidates preparing for the Haryana CET exam should stay updated on current affairs.
• Sources for current affairs include newspapers, magazines, and government websites.
• Knowledge of current affairs demonstrates awareness of happenings in Haryana.

Key Facts

• Capital: Chandigarh
• Chief Minister: Manohar Lal Khattar
• Governor: Bandaru Dattatreya
• State Animal: Blackbuck
• State Bird: Black Francolin
• State Tree: Peepal
• State Flower: Lotus

Districts

• Haryana is divided into 22 districts.
• These districts are grouped into six divisions: Ambala, Faridabad, Gurgaon, Hisar, Rohtak, and Karnal.
• Each district is headed by a Deputy Commissioner.
• The districts are further divided into tehsils and sub-tehsils.
• Knowledge of the districts and their administrative divisions can be helpful for the Haryana CET exam.

Rivers

• The major rivers of Haryana are the Yamuna and the Ghaggar.
• The Yamuna flows along the eastern border of the state.
• The Ghaggar flows through the northern part of Haryana.
• Other rivers in Haryana include the Markanda, the Saraswati, and the Tangri.
• These rivers are important sources of irrigation and drinking water.

Agriculture

• Haryana is an agriculturally rich state.
• It is a major producer of wheat, rice, sugarcane, cotton, and oilseeds.
• The state has a well-developed irrigation system.
• The Green Revolution in the 1960s had a significant impact on agriculture in Haryana.
• Agriculture contributes significantly to the state's economy.

Tourism

• Haryana has a number of tourist attractions.
• These include historical sites, religious places, and natural reserves.
• Some popular tourist destinations in Haryana are Kurukshetra, Pinjore Gardens, and Sultanpur National Park.
• The state government has been promoting tourism to generate revenue and employment.
• Tourism helps showcase Haryana's culture and heritage.

Important Personalities

• Haryana has produced many notable personalities in various fields.
• These include politicians, athletes, artists, and scientists.
• Some prominent figures from Haryana are Sir Chhotu Ram, Kapil Dev, and Kalpana Chawla.
• Knowing about these personalities enhances understanding of Haryana's contributions.

Government Schemes

• The Haryana government launches various schemes for the welfare of its citizens.
• These schemes cover areas such as agriculture, education, health, and social welfare.
• Examples of government schemes in Haryana include the Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Yojana and the Kisan Samman Nidhi Yojana.
• Staying updated on these schemes is important for the Haryana CET exam.

Economy and Industry

• Haryana has a diverse economy with significant contributions from agriculture, manufacturing, and services.
• The state is known for its automobile, textile, and IT industries.
• Gurgaon is a major corporate and financial hub.
• The government promotes industrial development through various policies and incentives.

Political System

• Haryana has a parliamentary system of government.
• The Governor is the constitutional head of the state, while the Chief Minister is the head of the government.
• The Haryana Legislative Assembly is the state's unicameral legislature.
• Elections are held regularly to elect members of the Legislative Assembly.

Haryana at a Glance

• Formation Date: November 1, 1966
• Area: Approximately 44,212 square kilometers
• Population: Over 25 million (as per the latest census)
• Literacy Rate: Relatively high compared to the national average
• Sex Ratio: A focus area for improvement