Harmful Bacteria and Diseases Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which group of fungi includes decomposers such as bread molds?

  • Chytrids
  • Glomeromycetes
  • Zygomycetes (correct)
  • Ascomycetes

What is the common name for the group of fungi that includes mushrooms and puffballs?

  • Chytrids
  • Basidiomycetes (correct)
  • Ascomycetes
  • Zygomycetes

What is the reproductive cell of fungi that can develop into a new individual?

  • Spore (correct)
  • Mycelium
  • Zygote
  • Hyphae

What is the term for the union of the cytoplasm from two parent mycelia in fungi?

<p>Plasmogamy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the intimate association between a fungus and a green alga (or cyanobacterium) called?

<p>Lichens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the mutualistic association between fungi and plant roots?

<p>Mycorrhizae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a practical use of fungi?

<p>Producing antibiotics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between fungi and their hosts?

<p>Parasitic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disease is caused by a fungus?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of yeast in the production of alcoholic beverages and breads?

<p>To cause fermentation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fungus is used in the production of blood pressure medicine?

<p>Claviceps purpurea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of food sources derived from fungi?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a shape that bacteria can occur in?

<p>Cubical (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a capsule in prokaryotes?

<p>To stick to a substrate or another prokaryote (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a thick-coated resistant cell produced by some bacterial cells when they are exposed to harsh conditions?

<p>Endospore (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of fimbriae in prokaryotes?

<p>To stick to a substrate or another prokaryote (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a hair-like appendage that pulls two prokaryotes together for DNA transfer?

<p>Pili (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the subunit of the peptidoglycan in the cell wall of bacteria and archaea?

<p>Muramic acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria has an outer membrane that helps protect it from the body's defenses?

<p>Gram negative bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

<p>Prokaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells do not. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do prokaryotic cells reproduce?

<p>By binary fission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when a living cell acquires DNA fragments released by dead cells?

<p>Transformation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia through biological fixation?

<p>Cyanobacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between bacteria and archaea?

<p>Bacteria have peptidoglycan in their cell walls, while archaea do not. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a mode of access for disease-causing bacteria?

<p>Access through bites of insects and other organisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about fungi?

<p>They are heterotrophs and cannot make their own food (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of arbuscules in mycorrhizal fungi?

<p>They are sites of nutrient exchange between the fungus and the plant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of mycorrhizal fungi extends over the root surface and grows into the intercellular spaces of the root cortex?

<p>Ectomycorrhizal fungi (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mycorrhizae in plants?

<p>To form connections between plants and transfer nutrients (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do fungi reproduce?

<p>Both sexually and asexually (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common feature of prokaryotic cells?

<p>Nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Gram-negative bacteria?

<p>Toxic lipids in the cell walls (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a method of genetic recombination in prokaryotes?

<p>Conjugation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a mode of access for disease-causing bacteria?

<p>Direct contact (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Archaea?

<p>Presence of peptidoglycan in cell wall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a role of bacteria in the environment?

<p>Decomposing organic waste (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of fungi includes decomposers such as bread molds?

<p>Zygomycetes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common name for the group of fungi that includes cup fungi and truffles?

<p>Ascomycetes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of fungi includes mushrooms and puffballs?

<p>Basidiomycetes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the mutualistic association between fungi and plant roots?

<p>Mycorrhizae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of fungi in the breakdown of organic material?

<p>Release nutrients such as nitrogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the fungus in a lichen association?

<p>Provide a suitable growing environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a mode of access for disease-causing bacteria?

<p>Access through inhalation of contaminated air (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the specialized branching hyphae in mycorrhizal fungi?

<p>Arbuscules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)?

<p>To facilitate nutrient compound uptake (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nitrogen-containing polysaccharide found in the cell walls of fungi?

<p>Chitin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the mass of hyphae in fungi?

<p>Mycelium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Bacillus thuringiensis in relation to tomato hornworm?

<p>To control caterpillars and worms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a practical use of fungi?

<p>Production of blood pressure medicine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disease caused by a fungus?

<p>Claviceps purpurea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between bacteria and fungi?

<p>Bacteria are prokaryotic, while fungi are eukaryotic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the mutualistic association between fungi and plant roots?

<p>Mycorrhizae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do fungi reproduce?

<p>Both sexually and asexually (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of arbuscules in mycorrhizal fungi?

<p>Absorb nutrients from the host plant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the capsule in prokaryotes?

<p>Protection against desiccation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pili in prokaryotes?

<p>DNA transfer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a shape that bacteria can occur in?

<p>Helical (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the subunit of the peptidoglycan in the cell wall of bacteria and archaea?

<p>Muramic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism of movement in prokaryotes?

<p>Chemotaxis is movement in response to chemicals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Gram-negative bacteria?

<p>Outer membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common feature of prokaryotic cells?

<p>Nucleus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a method of genetic recombination in prokaryotes?

<p>Conjugation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bacteria has an outer membrane that helps protect it from the body's defenses?

<p>Gram-negative (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of fimbriae in prokaryotes?

<p>Attachment to surfaces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disease caused by a fungus?

<p>Athlete's foot (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pili in prokaryotes?

<p>Attachment to surfaces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of fungi includes the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi?

<p>Ascomycetes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main method of reproduction in fungi?

<p>Meiosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mycelium in fungi?

<p>To absorb nutrients (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the pheromones in sexual reproduction of fungi?

<p>To signal the start of plasmogamy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of fungi includes the mushrooms and puffballs?

<p>Basidiomycetes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of fungi in the environment?

<p>To break down organic material (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a practical use of fungi?

<p>Producing antibiotics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for fungi that absorb nutrients from a living host but harm the host in the process?

<p>Pathogenic fungi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a disease caused by fungi?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of yeast in the fermentation process of alcoholic beverages and breads?

<p>Producing ethanol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of fungi is responsible for the production of antibiotics such as Penicillin?

<p>Ascomycetes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the medicinal use of Ergot, a type of ascomycete fungus?

<p>Blood pressure medicine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a mode of access for disease-causing bacteria?

<p>Access through inhalation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pili in prokaryotes?

<p>Exchange genetic material between prokaryotes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mycorrhizae in plants?

<p>Increase root surface area for nutrient uptake (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the union of the cytoplasm from two parent mycelia in fungi?

<p>Plasmogamy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of fungi includes decomposers such as bread molds?

<p>Zygomycetes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the fungus in a lichen association?

<p>Provide nutrients to the photosynthetic partner (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotes?

<p>They have a capsule surrounding the cell wall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of fimbriae in prokaryotes?

<p>To stick to substrates or other prokaryotes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between Gram-negative and Gram-positive cell walls in bacteria and archaea?

<p>The reaction to cell wall dye (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the subunit of the peptidoglycan in the cell wall of bacteria and archaea?

<p>Muramic acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a shape that bacteria can occur in?

<p>Cube-shaped (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the age of the oldest known fossils of bacteria?

<p>3.5 billion years old (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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