Harmful Bacteria and Diseases Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which group of fungi includes decomposers such as bread molds?

  • Chytrids
  • Glomeromycetes
  • Zygomycetes (correct)
  • Ascomycetes

    • What is the common name for the group of fungi that includes mushrooms and puffballs?

  • Chytrids
  • Basidiomycetes (correct)
  • Ascomycetes
  • Zygomycetes

    • What is the reproductive cell of fungi that can develop into a new individual?

  • Spore (correct)
  • Mycelium
  • Zygote
  • Hyphae

    • What is the term for the union of the cytoplasm from two parent mycelia in fungi?

    <p>Plasmogamy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the intimate association between a fungus and a green alga (or cyanobacterium) called?

    <p>Lichens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the mutualistic association between fungi and plant roots?

    <p>Mycorrhizae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a practical use of fungi?

    <p>Producing antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between fungi and their hosts?

    <p>Parasitic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is caused by a fungus?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of yeast in the production of alcoholic beverages and breads?

    <p>To cause fermentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fungus is used in the production of blood pressure medicine?

    <p>Claviceps purpurea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some examples of food sources derived from fungi?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a shape that bacteria can occur in?

    <p>Cubical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a capsule in prokaryotes?

    <p>To stick to a substrate or another prokaryote</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a thick-coated resistant cell produced by some bacterial cells when they are exposed to harsh conditions?

    <p>Endospore</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of fimbriae in prokaryotes?

    <p>To stick to a substrate or another prokaryote</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a hair-like appendage that pulls two prokaryotes together for DNA transfer?

    <p>Pili</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the subunit of the peptidoglycan in the cell wall of bacteria and archaea?

    <p>Muramic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria has an outer membrane that helps protect it from the body's defenses?

    <p>Gram negative bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Prokaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells do not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do prokaryotic cells reproduce?

    <p>By binary fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when a living cell acquires DNA fragments released by dead cells?

    <p>Transformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of prokaryotes convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia through biological fixation?

    <p>Cyanobacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between bacteria and archaea?

    <p>Bacteria have peptidoglycan in their cell walls, while archaea do not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mode of access for disease-causing bacteria?

    <p>Access through bites of insects and other organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about fungi?

    <p>They are heterotrophs and cannot make their own food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of arbuscules in mycorrhizal fungi?

    <p>They are sites of nutrient exchange between the fungus and the plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mycorrhizal fungi extends over the root surface and grows into the intercellular spaces of the root cortex?

    <p>Ectomycorrhizal fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mycorrhizae in plants?

    <p>To form connections between plants and transfer nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do fungi reproduce?

    <p>Both sexually and asexually</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common feature of prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Gram-negative bacteria?

    <p>Toxic lipids in the cell walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a method of genetic recombination in prokaryotes?

    <p>Conjugation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mode of access for disease-causing bacteria?

    <p>Direct contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Archaea?

    <p>Presence of peptidoglycan in cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a role of bacteria in the environment?

    <p>Decomposing organic waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of fungi includes decomposers such as bread molds?

    <p>Zygomycetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common name for the group of fungi that includes cup fungi and truffles?

    <p>Ascomycetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of fungi includes mushrooms and puffballs?

    <p>Basidiomycetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the mutualistic association between fungi and plant roots?

    <p>Mycorrhizae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of fungi in the breakdown of organic material?

    <p>Release nutrients such as nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the fungus in a lichen association?

    <p>Provide a suitable growing environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mode of access for disease-causing bacteria?

    <p>Access through inhalation of contaminated air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the specialized branching hyphae in mycorrhizal fungi?

    <p>Arbuscules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)?

    <p>To facilitate nutrient compound uptake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nitrogen-containing polysaccharide found in the cell walls of fungi?

    <p>Chitin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the mass of hyphae in fungi?

    <p>Mycelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Bacillus thuringiensis in relation to tomato hornworm?

    <p>To control caterpillars and worms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a practical use of fungi?

    <p>Production of blood pressure medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a disease caused by a fungus?

    <p>Claviceps purpurea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between bacteria and fungi?

    <p>Bacteria are prokaryotic, while fungi are eukaryotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the mutualistic association between fungi and plant roots?

    <p>Mycorrhizae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do fungi reproduce?

    <p>Both sexually and asexually</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of arbuscules in mycorrhizal fungi?

    <p>Absorb nutrients from the host plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the capsule in prokaryotes?

    <p>Protection against desiccation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of pili in prokaryotes?

    <p>DNA transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a shape that bacteria can occur in?

    <p>Helical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the subunit of the peptidoglycan in the cell wall of bacteria and archaea?

    <p>Muramic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a mechanism of movement in prokaryotes?

    <p>Chemotaxis is movement in response to chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of Gram-negative bacteria?

    <p>Outer membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common feature of prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a method of genetic recombination in prokaryotes?

    <p>Conjugation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria has an outer membrane that helps protect it from the body's defenses?

    <p>Gram-negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of fimbriae in prokaryotes?

    <p>Attachment to surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a disease caused by a fungus?

    <p>Athlete's foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of pili in prokaryotes?

    <p>Attachment to surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of fungi includes the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi?

    <p>Ascomycetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main method of reproduction in fungi?

    <p>Meiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the mycelium in fungi?

    <p>To absorb nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the pheromones in sexual reproduction of fungi?

    <p>To signal the start of plasmogamy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of fungi includes the mushrooms and puffballs?

    <p>Basidiomycetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of fungi in the environment?

    <p>To break down organic material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a practical use of fungi?

    <p>Producing antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for fungi that absorb nutrients from a living host but harm the host in the process?

    <p>Pathogenic fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a disease caused by fungi?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of yeast in the fermentation process of alcoholic beverages and breads?

    <p>Producing ethanol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of fungi is responsible for the production of antibiotics such as Penicillin?

    <p>Ascomycetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the medicinal use of Ergot, a type of ascomycete fungus?

    <p>Blood pressure medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a mode of access for disease-causing bacteria?

    <p>Access through inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of pili in prokaryotes?

    <p>Exchange genetic material between prokaryotes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mycorrhizae in plants?

    <p>Increase root surface area for nutrient uptake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the union of the cytoplasm from two parent mycelia in fungi?

    <p>Plasmogamy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of fungi includes decomposers such as bread molds?

    <p>Zygomycetes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the fungus in a lichen association?

    <p>Provide nutrients to the photosynthetic partner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotes?

    <p>They have a capsule surrounding the cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of fimbriae in prokaryotes?

    <p>To stick to substrates or other prokaryotes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between Gram-negative and Gram-positive cell walls in bacteria and archaea?

    <p>The reaction to cell wall dye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the subunit of the peptidoglycan in the cell wall of bacteria and archaea?

    <p>Muramic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a shape that bacteria can occur in?

    <p>Cube-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the age of the oldest known fossils of bacteria?

    <p>3.5 billion years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

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