Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)?
Performs mathematical operations
What type of memory is used to store data permanently?
Read-Only Memory (ROM)
Which device is used to capture video and images?
Webcam
What is the primary function of the Control Unit?
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What is the primary function of the Power Supply?
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What type of storage device stores data on interconnected flash memory chips?
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What is the primary function of the Registers?
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Which device is used to print large-format graphics and designs?
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What is the primary function of the Motherboard?
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What is the primary function of the Graphics Card?
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Study Notes
Hardware Components
Input Devices
- Keyboard: used for typing commands and data
- Mouse: used for pointing and selecting objects on the screen
- Scanner: used for scanning images and documents
- Webcam: used for capturing video and images
- Microphone: used for capturing audio
Processing Unit
- Central Processing Unit (CPU): executes instructions and performs calculations
- Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): performs mathematical operations
- Control Unit: retrieves and executes instructions
- Registers: small amount of memory built into the CPU
Memory
- Random Access Memory (RAM): volatile memory that stores data temporarily
- Read-Only Memory (ROM): non-volatile memory that stores data permanently
- Cache Memory: small, fast memory that stores frequently accessed data
Storage Devices
- Hard Disk Drive (HDD): non-volatile storage device that stores data on a physical disk
- Solid-State Drive (SSD): non-volatile storage device that stores data on interconnected flash memory chips
- Optical Drive: reads and writes data to optical discs (CDs, DVDs, Blu-rays)
- Flash Drive: portable storage device that stores data on a flash memory chip
Output Devices
- Monitor: displays video and images
- Printer: prints text and images on paper
- Speaker: produces audio output
- Plotter: prints large-format graphics and designs
Other Components
- Power Supply: provides power to the computer's components
- Motherboard: connects and supports the computer's components
- Graphics Card: controls the output display and performs graphical calculations
- Sound Card: controls the output audio and performs audio processing
Input Devices
- Keyboard is used for typing commands and data
- Mouse is used for pointing and selecting objects on the screen
- Scanner is used for scanning images and documents
- Webcam is used for capturing video and images
- Microphone is used for capturing audio
Processing Unit
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
- Executes instructions and performs calculations
- Consists of three main components: Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), Control Unit, and Registers
- ALU performs mathematical operations
- Control Unit retrieves and executes instructions
- Registers are small amount of memory built into the CPU
Memory
- Random Access Memory (RAM) is volatile memory that stores data temporarily
- Read-Only Memory (ROM) is non-volatile memory that stores data permanently
- Cache Memory is small, fast memory that stores frequently accessed data
- Cache Memory is used to speed up data access
Storage Devices
- Hard Disk Drive (HDD) is non-volatile storage device that stores data on a physical disk
- Solid-State Drive (SSD) is non-volatile storage device that stores data on interconnected flash memory chips
- Optical Drive reads and writes data to optical discs (CDs, DVDs, Blu-rays)
- Flash Drive is portable storage device that stores data on a flash memory chip
Output Devices
- Monitor displays video and images
- Printer prints text and images on paper
- Speaker produces audio output
- Plotter prints large-format graphics and designs
Other Components
- Power Supply provides power to the computer's components
- Motherboard connects and supports the computer's components
- Graphics Card controls the output display and performs graphical calculations
- Sound Card controls the output audio and performs audio processing
