Hardware Components and Processors
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Quale de le sequente es un componente analogic de sistemas incorporati?

  • Sensors (correct)
  • Memories
  • Coprocessor
  • Minister

    • Qual componente appartient al hardware digital in un sistema incorporato?

  • Converts
  • Processors (correct)
  • Analog Circuits
  • Actuators

    • Quale de le sequente non es considerato un programma application?

  • Feedback Mechanisms (correct)
  • Device Drivers
  • Control Algorithms
  • Exception Handlers

    • Quale statement describe correctemente un Circuito Integrato Specifico per Applicatione (ASIC)?

    <p>Es progettato pro un applicazione specifica.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale processo involves la divisione del hardware e del software in sistemi incorporati?

    <p>Specification Partitioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de le sequente es un formato typic de un componente de sistema incorporato?

    <p>Real-Time Processor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de le sequente non es un activitate de validation e evaluation in sistemas incorporati?

    <p>Dizionario de programmas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale componentia es usate pro converter señales analogicas in digitales?

    <p>A2D Converters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de le sequente es un exemplo de memoria con alta capacidad de scriber?

    <p>RAM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de le sequente memorias perde bits presque immediate post scriber?

    <p>DRAM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de le sequente es un memoria nonvolatile?

    <p>Flash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de le sequente memorias pote retener bits durante como minimos dies o menses post su fonte de potentia essere apagate?

    <p>NVRAM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de le sequente es un exemplo de memoria de basso grado de scriber?

    <p>OTP ROM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de le sequente non es un exemplo de memoria con alta perseverantia?

    <p>DRAM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quae es un caractere specific de un ASIC?

    <p>Contiene solmente le componentes necessarios pro un programma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale disadvantage es associate con le approccio ASIC?

    <p>Le design es lente e costose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de le sequente memorias possede un gradiente medie de scriber?

    <p>Flash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Que significa write-ability in le contexto de memoria?

    <p>Le maniera e velocitate que un memoria pote esser scribite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de le sequente describite le capacitate de un bus?

    <p>Transferir datos inter device</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le principal differente inter un GP e un SP processor?

    <p>Un GP ha alta overhead de fetch/decode, un SP non ha</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quae es un vantaggio de usar ASICs?

    <p>Alta velocitate e efficiente de energia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de iste tipologias de memoria pote retene datos post scribite?

    <p>Flash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quae descrit le datapath in un ASIC?

    <p>Es customizate pro le necessitates specific del programma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quae es uno de le types de memoria incluse in le categoria commune?

    Signup and view all the answers

    Qual est le caracteristica principal de processores de uso general?

    <p>Programmabilitate e flexibilité</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual statement descrive le processores specific a applicatio?

    <p>Assure alta efficiente e bon performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale es un disadvantage de processores de uso general?

    <p>Potentia consumativ e lentitud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quo caracteriza le processores ASIC?

    <p>Difficile a cambiar post fabrication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es un ventaja de usar processores specific a applicatio?

    <p>Alta velocitate pro tareas specific</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual est le principale differente inter un microprocessor e un ASIC?

    <p>Microprocessores es programmabile pro varii applicatio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quo determina le costo de fabrication de processores?

    <p>Le volumina de production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale es un exemple de un DSP?

    <p>Video Signal Processor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es un facultate de le datapath in le architettura de processores?

    <p>Gestir le flux de data inter le unita</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quo es un disadvantage de processores ASIC in contextos de volumin bass?

    <p>Coste alt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de iste assertos describe le caratteristiche de un ASIC?

    <p>Designate pro un programma specifico</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de le sequente non es un beneficio importante de usar un ASIC?

    <p>Maior dimensione</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quae es un differente clave inter un processeur general (GP) e un ASIC?

    <p>ASIC non ha overhead de fetch/decode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale aspecte non es associato con le memoria?

    <p>Capacity de calcular en tempo reale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de le sequente describe le bit-width de un ASIC?

    <p>Le bit-width es personalisabile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale definition representa 'write-ability' in le contexto de memoria?

    <p>Le maniera e velocitate que bits pote esser scribite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale aspecte de un ASIC pote causar difficulte in le processo de design?

    <p>Longo tempore de design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quale de le sequente non es un tipo de memoria?

    <p>Cache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es un caracteristica del communicatione infrared (IR)?

    <p>Es facili e cheap a construir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le differente inter un timer e un counter?

    <p>Un timer mesura eventas, un counter conta pulso</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le function de un watchdog timer?

    <p>Detecta errores in le systema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le function de un UART?

    <p>Converti dati serial in format paralel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le principal differente inter un motor DC e un motor stepper?

    <p>Le motor stepper rota in un numero fixe de gradus per signal de 'step'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le utilitate typic de un Pulse Width Modulator (PWM)?

    <p>Controlla le velocitate de un motor DC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le principal function de un Analog-to-Digital Converter (A/D)?

    <p>Mesura voltages e los converte in un format digital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es un elemento essentiel de un display LCD?

    <p>Un controller integrate in le module</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le primaria differente inter custom e standard processors?

    <p>Le custom es pre-designate pro un task unique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le rol de le parity in un UART?

    <p>Simple verificacion de erro</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le significato de 'duty cycle' in un PWM?

    <p>Le total tempore durante le qual le signal es alto</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le maximo count in un timer de 16-bit?

    <p>65,535</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le utilitate de un keypad controller?

    <p>Detecta pressiones de tecla e genera un code</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Hardware Components

    • Embedded systems are composed of hardware and software components.
    • Hardware components can be analog or digital.
    • Analog components include sensors, actuators, and controllers.
    • Digital components include processors, coprocessors, memories, controllers, buses, and application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC).
    • Converters, such as analog-to-digital (A2D) and digital-to-analog (D2A) converters, are also important components.

    Processor Types

    • Processors are artifacts that compute (run algorithms).
    • They consist of a controller and a data path.
    • General-purpose (GP) processors can perform a variety of computation tasks, offering flexibility and low cost at high volumes.
    • Single-purpose (SP) processors are optimized for one specific task, leading to faster and more power-efficient operation, but with higher costs at low volumes.

    General-Purpose Processor Architecture

    • GP processors have a programmable controller and a datapath.
    • The controller manages program execution, while the datapath performs operations on data.
    • The datapath includes a register file and an arithmetic logic unit (ALU).
    • GP processors are suitable for applications requiring flexibility and low cost, but they can be slower and consume more power compared to SP processors.

    Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs)

    • ASICs are custom-designed digital circuits that execute a single predefined program.
    • They are highly efficient for specific tasks but lack flexibility and have high development costs.
    • ASICs are advantageous when ultimate performance or energy efficiency is crucial and large volumes are expected.

    Storage

    • Memories are artifacts that store bits.
    • Write-ability refers to how easily and quickly data can be written to memory.
    • Storage-permanence describes how well memory retains stored bits.

    Memory Types

    • Different memory types, including flash, SRAM, DRAM, and ROM, offer various combinations of write-ability, storage permanence, and cost.

    Communication

    • A bus is a set of electrical conductors that allow communication between different components of a computer system.

    Wireless Communication

    • Infrared (IR) communication utilizes electromagnetic waves below the visible light spectrum, requiring line of sight and limited range.
    • Radio frequency (RF) communication uses electromagnetic waves in the radio spectrum, allowing for longer range and line-of-sight independence.

    Peripherals

    • Peripherals are specialized hardware components that perform specific tasks.
    • Custom single-purpose processors are designed for unique tasks, while standard single-purpose processors are pre-designed for common tasks.

    Timers

    • Timers measure time intervals and can be used to generate timed events or measure input events.
    • They have specific ranges and resolutions.

    Counters

    • Counters are similar to timers, but they count pulses on a general input signal rather than a clock, enabling applications like counting objects.
    • Counters can often be configured as either timers or counters.

    Watchdog Timer

    • A watchdog timer is a safety mechanism that requires an external process to reset it periodically to prevent system failure.

    Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter (UART)

    • UARTs are used for serial communication and are responsible for converting parallel data to serial format and vice versa.
    • They often employ parity bits for error checking and have defined start and stop bits.
    • Baud rate represents the number of signal changes per second, determining the bit rate.

    Pulse Width Modulator (PWM)

    • PWM generates pulse signals with specific high and low durations, controlled by the duty cycle.
    • It is commonly used to regulate the average voltage to electrical devices, offering a simpler solution compared to DC-DC converters or digital-analog converters.

    Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

    • LCDs are display devices that use liquid crystals to create images, controlled by a micro-processor interface.

    Keypad

    • A keypad is a user input device.
    • It allows users to enter data by pressing buttons.

    Stepper Motor Controller

    • Stepper motors move in fixed increments when given "step" signals.
    • Stepper motor controllers are used to simplify and manage the voltage sequence applied to stepper motor coils to achieve desired rotations.

    Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)

    • ADCs convert analog signals to digital values, representing them as binary numbers.
    • ADCs play a vital role in interfacing analog sensors and actuators with digital systems.

    Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC)

    • DACs convert digital values back to analog signals, enabling the control of analog devices with digital systems.

    Summary

    • Hardware components are crucial for information processing in embedded systems.
    • Understanding the functionality and features of different hardware components is essential for effective embedded system design.

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    Midterm-Lesson-2.ppt

    Description

    Este quiz tracta de componentes de hardware e processoros in sistemas incorporatos. Discute le differentias inter componentes analog e digital, e il compara processoros de proposito general e specific. Testa tu cognoscentia in hardware e architettura de processor.

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