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Handling of Free (Intravascular) Hemoglobin

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Handling of Free (Intravascular) Hemoglobin

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary measurement used to determine the level of bilirubin in the body?

Direct bilirubin measurement

Total bilirubin measurement (correct)

Conjugated bilirubin measurement

Indirect bilirubin measurement

What is the role of ligandins in bilirubin physiology?

Ligandins are responsible for the transport of bilirubin from the plasma membrane to the endoplasmic reticulum. (correct)

Ligandins are responsible for the excretion of bilirubin into the bile canaliculi.

Ligandins are involved in the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin.

Ligandins are involved in the conjugation of bilirubin with glucuronides.

What enzyme is responsible for the conjugation of bilirubin with glucuronides?

Beta-glucuronidase

Bilirubin ligandins

Uridine diphosphate glucuronyl transferase (UDPGT) (correct)

Plasma membrane transporters

What is the primary cause of the instability and hydrolysis of conjugated bilirubin in the duodenum and jejunum?

The presence of beta-glucuronidase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the increased levels of unconjugated bilirubin in newborn infants?

Decreased conjugation of bilirubin due to immature liver function (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a primary purpose for the handling of free (intravascular) hemoglobin?

Facilitating the transportation of oxygen (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about haptoglobin is incorrect?

It is responsible for binding free heme in the bloodstream. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hemopexin?

Binding free heme and facilitating its uptake by the liver (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about bilirubin metabolism is incorrect?

Conjugated bilirubin is hydrophilic and is excreted directly into the bile. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of stercobilinogen (urobilinogen) produced by gut bacteria from bilirubin?

It is oxidized to stercobilin and excreted in feces. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How is the determination of bilirubin levels in serum samples performed?

Conjugated bilirubin reacts directly with reagents, while free bilirubin requires an additional step. (D) Signup and view all the answers