Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of objects are more clearly seen in imaging for foreign body localization?
Which type of objects are more clearly seen in imaging for foreign body localization?
What is the purpose of marking the entrance site of a foreign body?
What is the purpose of marking the entrance site of a foreign body?
What is the function of K-wires in follow-up imaging?
What is the function of K-wires in follow-up imaging?
For a thorough assessment, how many projections are minimum required when localizing a foreign body?
For a thorough assessment, how many projections are minimum required when localizing a foreign body?
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How should K-wires be managed post-application?
How should K-wires be managed post-application?
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What is the primary purpose of checking a patient's identity before a radiographic examination?
What is the primary purpose of checking a patient's identity before a radiographic examination?
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Which exposure factor is essential for maintaining consistent image quality across different body regions?
Which exposure factor is essential for maintaining consistent image quality across different body regions?
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How should a radiographer instruct a patient regarding motion during an x-ray procedure?
How should a radiographer instruct a patient regarding motion during an x-ray procedure?
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What is one critical aspect of image processing that radiographers must be aware of?
What is one critical aspect of image processing that radiographers must be aware of?
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Which measure is vital for radiation protection during radiographic examinations?
Which measure is vital for radiation protection during radiographic examinations?
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Which factor determines the appropriate exposure level for radiographic images?
Which factor determines the appropriate exposure level for radiographic images?
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What happens to the exposure level when imaging pediatric patients compared to adults?
What happens to the exposure level when imaging pediatric patients compared to adults?
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What is the primary purpose of collimation in radiography?
What is the primary purpose of collimation in radiography?
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Where should the central ray be positioned for optimal viewing in radiography?
Where should the central ray be positioned for optimal viewing in radiography?
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Which of the following is NOT part of the evaluation criteria for quality images in radiography?
Which of the following is NOT part of the evaluation criteria for quality images in radiography?
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What is a common indication for taking radiographic images?
What is a common indication for taking radiographic images?
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Which criterion is essential for ensuring the digit is free of superimposition in a PA finger radiograph?
Which criterion is essential for ensuring the digit is free of superimposition in a PA finger radiograph?
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Why is it essential to assess the density and contrast of radiographic images?
Why is it essential to assess the density and contrast of radiographic images?
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What is the purpose of using lead shutters during collimation?
What is the purpose of using lead shutters during collimation?
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Which of the following projections includes anatomy from the tip of the digit to the distal metacarpal?
Which of the following projections includes anatomy from the tip of the digit to the distal metacarpal?
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Study Notes
Hand, Fingers and Thumb Radiography
- Minimum of two projections are required for any region of the hand, fingers or thumb
- This includes long bones like the tibia and fibula, which also require AP and lateral views
Radiographer Roles and Responsibilities:
- Check patient's identity, including name, date of birth, and region of interest.
- Position the body part correctly for imaging.
- Ensure proper alignment with the image receptor and central ray.
- Implement radiation protection measures.
- Select appropriate exposure factors.
- Provide clear patient instructions, including the importance of staying still during the procedure.
- Process the image.
Introduction and Identification:
- Introduce yourself and your role to the patient.
- Verify patient details.
- Explain the examination procedure.
Positioning and Imaging:
- Understand the patient's range of movement (ROM).
- Provide clear instructions to the patient to remain still during the imaging process.
Technical Parameters
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Includes:*
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Positioning of the patient and x-ray tube, including film-focus-distance (FFD) and tube angle.
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Exposure settings (kVp and mAs).
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Collimation.
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Centring.
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Key Considerations:*
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FFD: Different distances are required for each view to maintain consistent radiation dose.
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Positioning of the patient and tube is essential to ensure adequate visualization of the anatomical area.
Foreign Body Localization:
- Determine the type of object or material.
- Glass and metal are more easily visualized than materials with lower density (like wood).
- Mark the entrance site if the object is not exterior to the skin.
- Obtain at least two projections.
- Consider tangential projections.
Follow-up Imaging: Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF)
- This is a surgical procedure to fix bone fractures.
- Radiography is used to assess bone healing and hardware placement after the procedure.
Follow-up Imaging: K-Wires
- K-wires, or Kirschner wires, are used as a temporary measure to stabilize fractures.
- They may be used in pediatrics, where they can be removed easily.
- K-wires may be covered by a padded dressing or partial cast while healing occurs.
Bone Age Assessment:
- Determines the developmental age of a child based on skeletal growth.
- Compares chronological age (actual age) to skeletal age (bone development).
- Images typically focus on the left hand or non-dominant hand.
Evaluation Criteria for PA Finger:
- Anatomy included: From the tip of the digit to the distal metacarpal, encompassing surrounding soft tissue.
- No superimposition of digits.
- Symmetry and absence of rotation.
- Open metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints.
- Optimal density and contrast to discern cortical outlines and trabecular patterns.
Anatomy of the Hand:
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Joints:*
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DIP: Distal Interphalangeal joint
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PIP: Proximal Interphalangeal joint
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Thumb IP: Thumb Interphalangeal joint
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MCP: Metacarpophalangeal joint
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CMC: Carpometacarpal joint
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Carpal Bones:*
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Scaphoid
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Lunate
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Triquetrum
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Pisiform
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Hamate
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Capitate
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Trapezoid
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Trapezium
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Mnemonic for remembering the carpal bones*: "So Long To Pinky Here Comes The Thumb"
Indications for Hand Radiography:
- Trauma
- Pain
- Lumps
- Bruising
- Foreign Body
- Swelling
- Infections
- Cuts
- Loss of function
- Deformity
- Reduced Range of Movement (ROM)
- Bone age
- Follow up from previous injury
- Congenital abnormalities
- Metabolic diseases (e.g., arthritis)
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Description
This quiz covers key principles and responsibilities of radiographers when performing radiography on the hand, fingers, and thumb. It includes patient identification, positioning, imaging techniques, and radiation protection measures necessary for successful imaging outcomes.
