Movement Science Week 5

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Questions and Answers

What is the correct terminology for the joint located between the carpals and metacarpals?

Interphalangeal joint

Metacarpophalangeal joint

Carpometacarpal joint (correct)

Proximal interphalangeal joint

Which of the following joints does the thumb not have compared to the other fingers?

Distal interphalangeal joint (correct)

Proximal interphalangeal joint

Metacarpophalangeal joint

Carpometacarpal joint

In terms of anatomy, what is referred to as a 'ray' in the context of the hand?

A collection of carpals

The base joints of the hand

A set of metacarpals only

All phalanges and the associated metacarpal (correct)

Which statement correctly describes the relationship between the distal head of the metacarpals and the proximal base of the phalanges?

The distal head is convex and the proximal base is concave Signup and view all the answers

How many total phalanges does the thumb have?

2 Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the orientation of the thumb from the other fingers?

The thumb involves a 90-degree rotation allowing for opposition. Signup and view all the answers

What is the keystone of the proximal transverse arch in the hand?

The capitate. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about thumb movement is correct?

Abduction brings the thumb away from the palmar surface of the hand. Signup and view all the answers

What do the terms 'flexion' and 'extension' refer to in the context of finger movement?

Flexion is curling fingers toward the palm and extension is straightening them out. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the radial and ulnar surfaces of the hand?

The radial surface faces anteriorly, and the ulnar surface faces posteriorly. Signup and view all the answers

How do the arches of the hand contribute to its function?

The arches provide structural stability and flexibility. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the function of opposition in the thumb?

Opposition allows the thumb to touch the fingertips. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the second and third rays in the longitudinal arch of the hand?

They provide stability and balance in grasping. Signup and view all the answers

What type of motion do the terms abduction and adduction refer to in the context of fingers?

Spreading the fingers apart and bringing them together, respectively. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of thumb flexion distinguishes it from finger flexion?

Thumb flexion moves across the palm's surface. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hand Anatomy and Terminology

Fingers are numbered 1-5 starting with the thumb.
CMC joint: Carpometacarpal joint, located between the carpals and metacarpals, and shortened to CMC.
MCP joint: Metacarpophalangeal joint, located between the metacarpal and the proximal phalanx.
IP joint: Interphalangeal joint, can be either distal (DIP) or proximal (PIP), found between phalanges.

Thumb Anatomy

Thumb anatomy differs from other fingers with only one IP joint.
Thumb flexion occurs across the face of the hand, with its palmar surface facing medially.
Thumb's dorsal surface faces laterally, unlike other fingers.
Thumb's radial surface faces anteriorly, and the ulnar surface faces posteriorly.
This 90-degree rotation allows for opposition, grasping, and interaction with the fingers.

Hand Arches

Proximal transverse arch: Located between the CMC joints, with the capitate as its keystone.
Distal transverse arch: Located between the MCP joints, with the second and third rays as its keystone.
Longitudinal arch: Located between the second and third rays, with the second and third MCPs as its keystone.

Hand Movements

Fingers:
- Flexion: Bringing fingers together.
- Extension: Opposite of flexion.
- Abduction (ABD): Bringing fingers apart relative to the third ray.
- Adduction (ADD): Bringing fingers together relative to the third ray.
Thumb:
- Flexion: Bringing thumb across the face of the hand.
- Extension: Opposite of thumb flexion.
- Abduction: Bringing thumb away from the palmar surface of the hand.
- Adduction: Bringing thumb back towards the palmar surface of the hand.
- Opposition: Bringing thumb across to tap the pads of the fingers.
- Reposition: Returning thumb to the anatomical position.

Arthrokinematics

First CMC Joint (Thumb):
- Saddle joint with concave longitudinal surface and convex medial-lateral surface.
- Abduction (convex on concave): Roll anterior and slide posterior.
- Flexion and Extension (concave on convex): Roll and slide in the same direction.
- Opposition (two phases):
  - Phase 1 (abduction): Roll and slide in opposite directions.
  - Phase 2 (flexion/medial rotation): Roll and slide in the same direction.
Fingers (Digits II-IV):
- Flexion and Extension (concave on convex): Roll and slide in the same direction.
- AB and adduction (concave on convex): Roll and slide in the same direction, mobility decreases with flexion due to tightened collateral ligaments and flattened palmar surface.
First MCP Joint (Thumb):
- Convex phalanx on concave first metacarpal, roll and slide in the same direction.
IP Joints (Fingers):
- Mostly convex and concave surfaces with a central ridge preventing rotation.
- Most motion occurs at the MCP joint and not PIP or DIP.
- Flexion and Extension (concave on convex): Roll and slide in the same direction.
IP Joint (Thumb):
- Only one IP joint.
- Concave on convex surfaces, roll and slide in the same direction.

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Description

Test your knowledge on hand anatomy and the terminology related to the joints and arches of the hand. This quiz covers important aspects like the CMC and MCP joints, thumb anatomy, and hand arches. Perfect for students studying anatomy or healthcare professionals.