Hamiltonians and Charge Carrier Transport

A measure of how easily charges move through a material.

The energy needed to move a charge from one site to another in a material.

The energy required to rearrange the structure of a material around a charge.

Sites in a material where charges can be trapped, hindering their movement.

A method of calculating the energy levels of a material using simplified approximations.

An increase in charge carrier mobility at a certain temperature due to the formation of a pathway for charge movement.

A material with a band gap that can conduct electricity when excited by light.

A technique used to measure the photocurrent of a material as a function of light wavelength.

The energy difference between the Fermi level of the electrode and the ionization potential (or electron affinity) of the organic semiconductor material. This difference determines the ease with which charges can be injected from the electrode into the organic layer.

A type of transport in which charges are localized on molecules and move by hopping from one molecule to another.

A type of transport in which charges move freely within delocalized energy bands.

The effective mobility of charge carriers is reduced due to trapping events within the material.

The motion of charges in an organic semiconductor is influenced by the presence of random dipoles and disorder in the material.

A type of transport in which the charge carrier forms a temporary bond with surrounding molecules, becoming a polar entity. This entity is more massive. It moves by hopping from site to site.

The energy required for a charge to move from one site to another in hopping transport. This quantity is influenced by the degree of disorder and the polaronic nature of the charge carrier.

A technique used to determine the mobility of charge carriers in organic semiconductors. It involves measuring the time it takes for charge carriers to travel a specific distance.

A technique used to measure the charge carrier mobility in organic semiconductors. It involves applying a voltage to a device made of an organic semiconductor and measuring the current that flows through the device.

A theory that explains the hopping rate of polarons in organic semiconductors. It considers the change in energy between the initial and final states of the hopping process, as well as the reorganizational energy of the surrounding molecules.

The ability for two charge carriers (electron and hole) to meet and recombine, releasing energy and reducing the overall charge carrier density in the material.

A model that describes the interaction of charges in a system with multiple energy levels. It is used to understand and predict transport properties in organic semiconductors.

A type of injection where the charge carrier tunnels through a potential barrier due to the electric field.

A type of injection where the charge carrier overcomes the potential barrier by gaining enough thermal energy.

A type of current where the current flow is limited by the space charge created by the injected charges.