Questions and Answers
Which of these options is correct for an RF power amplifier to qualify for FCC certification?
Who may be the control operator of an auxiliary station?
What types of communications may be transmitted to amateur stations in foreign countries?
Under what circumstances might the FCC issue a 'Special Temporary Authority' (STA) to an amateur station?
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What is the direction of an ascending pass for an amateur satellite?
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What is the direction of a descending pass for an amateur satellite?
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What is the orbital period of a satellite?
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What is meant by the term 'mode' as applied to an amateur radio satellite?
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What, if any, are the differences between the radiation produced by radioactive materials and the electromagnetic energy radiated by an antenna?
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When evaluating exposure levels from your station at a neighbor's home, what must you do?
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Which of the following would be a practical way to estimate whether the RF fields produced by an amateur radio station are within permissible MPE limits?
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When evaluating a site with multiple transmitters operating at the same time, the operators and licensees of which transmitters are responsible for mitigating over-exposure situations?
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What is one of the potential hazards of using microwaves in the amateur radio bands?
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Why are there separate electric (E) and magnetic (H) field MPE limits?
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What is the 'far-field' zone of an antenna?
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What does SAR measure?
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Which insulating material commonly used as a thermal conductor for some types of electronic devices is extremely toxic if broken or crushed and the particles are accidentally inhaled?
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What material found in some electronic components such as high-voltage capacitors and transformers is considered toxic?
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Which of these items might be a significant hazard when operating a klystron or cavity magnetron transmitter?
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When using a transceiver that displays the carrier frequency of phone signals, which of the following displayed frequencies will result in a normal USB emission being within the band?
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When using a transceiver that displays the carrier frequency of phone signals, which of the following displayed frequencies will result in a normal LSB emission being within the band?
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With your transceiver displaying the carrier frequency of phone signals, you hear a DX station's CQ on 14.349 MHz US. Is it legal to return the call using upper sideband on the same frequency?
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With your transceiver displaying the carrier frequency of phone signals, you hear a DX station's CQ on 3.601 MHz LS. Is it legal to return the call using lower sideband on the same frequency?
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Which is the only amateur band that does not permit the transmission of phone or image emissions?
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What is the maximum power output permitted on the 60 meter band?
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What is the only amateur band where transmission on specific channels rather than a range of frequencies is permitted?
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What is the only emission type permitted to be transmitted on the 60 meter band by an amateur station?
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Which frequency bands contain at least one segment authorized only to control operators holding an Amateur Extra Class operator license?
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If a station in a message forwarding system inadvertently forwards a message that is in violation of FCC rules, who is primarily accountable for the rules violation?
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What is the first action you should take if your digital message forwarding station inadvertently forwards a communication that violates FCC rules?
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If an amateur station is installed on board a ship or aircraft, what condition must be met before the station is operated?
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When a US-registered vessel is in international waters, what type of FCC-issued license or permit is required to transmit amateur communications from an on-board amateur transmitter?
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Which of the following constitutes a spurious emission?
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Which of the following factors might cause the physical location of an amateur station apparatus or antenna structure to be restricted?
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Within what distance must an amateur station protect an FCC monitoring facility from harmful interference?
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What must be done before placing an amateur station within an officially designated wilderness area or wildlife preserve, or an area listed in the National Register of Historical Places?
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What height restrictions apply to an amateur station antenna structure not close to a public use airport unless the FAA is notified and it is registered with the FCC?
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Which of the following additional rules apply if you are installing an amateur station antenna at a site within 20,000 feet of a public use airport?
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Whose approval is required before erecting an amateur station antenna located at or near a public use airport if the antenna would exceed a certain height depending upon the antenna's distance from the nearest active runway?
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On what frequencies may the operation of an amateur station be restricted if its emissions cause interference to the reception of a domestic broadcast station on a receiver of good engineering design?
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What is the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES)?
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Which amateur stations may be operated in RACES?
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What frequencies are normally authorized to an amateur station participating in RACES?
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What are the frequencies authorized to an amateur station participating in RACES during a period when the President's War Emergency Powers are in force?
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What communications are permissible in RACES?
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What is a remotely controlled station?
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What is meant by automatic control of a station?
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How do the control operator responsibilities of a station under automatic control differ from one under local control?
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When may an automatically controlled station retransmit third party communications?
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When may an automatically controlled station originate third party communications?
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Which of the following statements concerning remotely controlled amateur stations is true?
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A control operator must be present at the control point D.
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What is meant by local control?
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What is the maximum permissible duration of a remotely controlled station's transmissions if its control link malfunctions?
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Which of these frequencies are available for automatically controlled ground-station repeater operation?
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What types of amateur stations may automatically retransmit the radio signals of other amateur stations?
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What is the definition of the term telemetry?
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What is the amateur-satellite service?
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What is a telecommand station in the amateur satellite service?
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What is an Earth station in the amateur satellite service?
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What class of licensee is authorized to be the control operator of a space station?
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Which of the following special provisions must a space station incorporate in order to comply with space station requirements?
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Which amateur service HF bands have frequencies authorized to space stations?
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Which VHF amateur service bands have frequencies available for space stations?
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Which amateur service UHF bands have frequencies available for a space station?
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Which amateur stations are eligible to be telecommand stations?
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Which amateur stations are eligible to operate as Earth stations?
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Who must be notified before launching an amateur space station?
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What is the minimum number of qualified VEs required to administer an Element 4 amateur operator license examination?
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Where are the questions for all written US amateur license examinations listed?
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Who is responsible for maintaining the question pools from which all amateur license examination questions must be taken?
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What is a Volunteer Examiner Coordinator?
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What is a VE?
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What is a VE team?
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Which of the following persons seeking to become VEs cannot be accredited?
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Which of the following best describes the Volunteer Examiner accreditation process?
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Where must the VE team be while administering an examination?
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Who is responsible for the proper conduct and necessary supervision during an amateur operator license examination session?
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What should a VE do if a candidate fails to comply with the examiner's instructions during an amateur operator license examination?
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To which of the following examinees may a VE not administer an examination?
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What may be the penalty for a VE who fraudulently administers or certifies an examination?
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What must the VE team do with the examinee's test papers once they have finished the examination?
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What must the VE team do if an examinee scores a passing grade on all examination elements needed for an upgrade or new license?
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What must the VE team do with the application form if the examinee does not pass the exam?
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What are the consequences of failing to appear for re-administration of an examination when so directed by the FCC?
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For which types of out-of-pocket expenses may VEs and VECs be reimbursed?
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How much reimbursement may the VE team and VEC accept for preparing, processing, administering and coordinating an examination?
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What is the minimum age to be a volunteer examiner?
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On what frequencies are spread spectrum transmissions permitted?
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Which of the following operating arrangements allows an FCC-licensed US citizen to operate in many European countries, and alien amateurs from many European countries to operate in the US?
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Which of the following operating arrangements allow an FCC-licensed US citizen and many Central and South American amateur operators to operate in each other's countries?
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What does it mean if an external RF amplifier is listed on the FCC database as certificated for use in the amateur service?
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Under what circumstances may a dealer sell an external RF power amplifier capable of operation below 144 MHz if it has not been granted FCC certification?
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Which of the following geographic descriptions approximately describes 'Line A'?
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Amateur stations may not transmit in which of the following frequency segments if they are located north of Line A?
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What is the National Radio Quiet Zone?
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When may the control operator of a repeater accept payment for providing communication services to another party?
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When may an amateur station send a message to a business?
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Which of the following types of amateur operator-to-amateur operator communications are prohibited?
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FCC-licensed amateur stations may use spread spectrum (SS) emissions to communicate under which of the following conditions?
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What is the maximum transmitter power for an amateur station transmitting spread spectrum communications?
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Study Notes
Radiation and Exposure
- RF radiation lacks enough energy to break atoms and molecules, unlike radiation from radioactive sources.
- When evaluating exposure at a neighbor's home, signals must remain below uncontrolled Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) limits.
- A practical method to estimate RF fields is utilizing a computer-based antenna modeling program for accessible locations.
Multiple Transmitter Responsibility
- Each transmitter creating 5% or more of the MPE limit is responsible for mitigating over-exposure situations.
- High-gain antennas in amateur radio can lead to significant exposure to microwaves.
Field Measurement
- Electric (E) and magnetic (H) field MPE limits are separate due to different radiation intensity peaks and body reactions.
- The far-field zone of an antenna is where its radiation pattern is consistent regardless of distance.
Health and Safety
- Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) measures the rate at which RF energy is absorbed by the human body.
- Beryllium oxide is extremely toxic and poses health risks if inhaled in particle form.
EMC Regulations and Licensing
- Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in certain electronic components are classified as toxic.
- Klystron or cavity magnetron transmitters can present radiation exposure hazards.
Operating Standards
- Normal USB emission is lawful at frequencies 3 kHz below the upper band edge, while for LSB emissions, it is 3 kHz above the lower band edge.
- USA stations cannot use phone emissions above 14.340 MHz or below 3.610 MHz.
Band Specifications
- The 30-meter band is the only amateur band that prohibits phone or image emissions.
- The 60-meter band allows a maximum power output of 50 watts PEP relative to a dipole.
Antenna Installation Rules
- When placing an amateur station in officially designated areas, an Environmental Assessment must be submitted to the FCC.
- Antennas near public use airports must adhere to specific height restrictions, usually capped at 200 feet above ground.
Interference Prevention
- Amateur stations must avoid interference with domestic broadcast stations and may operate on specific frequencies for this purpose.
Emergency Communications
- RACES provides a framework for amateur stations to communicate during civil emergencies.
- Any FCC-licensed amateur station can operate in RACES if certified by the responsible civil defense organization.
Control of Stations
- Remotely controlled stations operate via a control link, allowing indirect control.
- Automatic control allows for operation without a control operator present at the control point.
Retransmission Protocol
- Automatically controlled stations can retransmit third-party communications when using RTTY or data emissions.
Telemetry and Amateur Satellite Service
- Telemetry encompasses one-way transmission of measurements remote from measuring instruments.
- The amateur-satellite service engages amateur stations for educational and intercommunication purposes through satellites.### Radio Communications in Amateur Satellite Service
- Utilizes Earth satellite stations for gathering weather information.
Definitions and Roles
- Telecommand Station: An amateur station on Earth that sends commands to space stations, enabling initiation or modification of functions.
- Earth Station: An amateur station located within 50 km of the Earth's surface, facilitating communication with amateur satellites.
License Classifications
- Any class of license holder can be a control operator of a space station.
- Only General, Advanced, or Amateur Extra Class operators can control space stations.
Special Provisions for Space Stations
- Must have the ability to cease transmission upon FCC order.
Authorized Frequencies for Space Stations
- HF Bands: 40m, 20m, 17m, 15m, 12m, and 10m authorized for use.
- VHF Bands: Only the 2 meters band is available for space stations.
- UHF Bands: Frequencies include 70 cm and 23 cm.
Telecommand and Earth Stations Eligibility
- Telecommand stations must be designated by the space station licensee.
- Any amateur station can operate as an Earth station as per licensing privileges.
Launch Notifications
- Notification required to the FCC's International Bureau before launching an amateur space station.
Volunteer Examiners (VEs) and Examinations
- Minimum of three VEs required to administer amateur operator license examinations.
- Questions for written examinations sourced from a VEC-maintained question pool.
- VEs maintain the examination integrity, supervising candidates throughout.
Examination Process and Conduct
- VEs must certify candidates who pass their exams and submit examination documents.
- Penalties for VEs who do not adhere to guidelines include possible revocation of licenses.
Spread Spectrum Communications
- Permissible on amateur frequencies above 222 MHz.
- Conditions for use include compliance with FCC regulations and not obscuring the communication content.
Operating Arrangements and Certifications
- CEPT Agreement: Facilitates operation for US amateurs in Europe and vice versa.
- External RF amplifiers require FCC certification to ensure compliance.
Geographic Restrictions
- Amateur stations north of "Line A" face specific frequency transmission limitations.
Communication Regulations
- Amateur stations may not profit from communications and must comply with third-party regulations.
Satellite Operations
- Understanding the directional dynamics of satellite passes is crucial, differentiating between ascending (south to north) and descending (north to south) passes.
Orbital Dynamics
- Orbital period refers to the time taken for a satellite to complete one full revolution around Earth.
Amateur Satellite Modes
- "Mode" reflects the satellite's operational frequencies for uplink and downlink communication.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge with this Ham Radio Extra Class question pool flashcard quiz. Dive into the differences between radiation types relevant to amateur radio. Ideal for students and enthusiasts preparing for the Extra Class exam.