Hair Design Principles

Level 1 Exam

• A pattern design line is indicated in the illustration.
• The nape is the area below the occipital.
• The projection angle of the stationary design line establishes the location to which all other lengths converge.
• A 45° angle is considered a low projection.
• Communicating with the client ensures predictable results.
• The ridge line visually separates activated and unactivated textures in a graduated form.
• Projection/elevation is the angle at which hair is held relative to the curve of the head.
• Increase-layered forms add volume and create a rounded shape.
• The crest area is the widest area around the head.
• A graduated form would result from using a 45° projection.
• Channeling shears aren't primarily used for heavy fringes.
• The exterior is the hair below the crest.
• Shifted distribution is when hair is combed out of natural distribution, not perpendicular to its parting.
• A widow's peak forms from a point at the front hairline and curves to one side.
• Desired texturizing techniques are not considered when deciding upon the proportional relationship of forms.
• The foundation for all other hair services is sculpture or cut.
• Taper shears consist of one straight blade and one notched blade.
• When sculpting uniformly layered lengths, the design line should remain stationary.
• Infection control includes sweeping/disposing of hair clippings after an air forming service.
• Uniformly layered forms have equal lengths.
• Vents her frustrations to other clients identifies Diane’s attitude.
• Most people need 6 to 8 hours of sleep to function properly.
• Ergonomics looks at the body movements, positions, tools and equipment and their effect on health.
• Contouring with light colors will broaden the face when applying makeup.
• Bursitis is an inflammation of the fluid sac between a tendon and skin/bone.
• Exercise keeps muscles toned, organs working, and helps cope with stress.
• Failure to fulfill obligations is not found in a professional code of ethics.
• Using tact is saying the proper thing without offending someone.
• Vents her frustrations to other clients identifies Diane's attitude.
• Applying darker contour cream to the outer areas of the jawline will make an overly wide jaw area visually appear more narrow.
• Infection can be controlled by personal hygiene, public awareness and infection control procedures in the salon, unclean hands and implements does not
• Disinfecting salon equipment is a universal precaution.
• Bacteria reproduce and grow rapidly during the active stage.
• SDS provides key product info like ingredients, hazards, combustion levels, and storage.
• Multiple quats disinfect within 10 minutes.
• Disinfection is the second level of infection control after cleaning.
• Wet design is when the hair is manipulated into the desired shapes while wet and allowed to dry.
• The two categories of surface texture are unactivated and activated.
• Hiding color mistakes is generally not a reason to receive a hair design service.
• The form of a hair design is the result of volume and indentation.
• Rectangle shapes usually move hair in one direction.
• Red, blue, and yellow are the three pure colors.
• Warm colors fall into the orange and red half of the wheel.
• Intensity refers to the vividness, brightness or saturation of a color.
• The level system identifies the lightness or darkness of hair colors.
• The tone of a hair color can be described as warm, cool, or neutral.
• A level 12 color is the lightest level.
• A mixture of red and yellow creates orange.
• Apply a color one level lighter than the desired shade if a client has 25%-30% gray hair.
• Fine hair texture may process slightly lighter than the intended level.

Level 2 Exam

• Camouflaging a protruding occipital involves less weight in that area.
• Unity is created by replacing "OR" with "AND".
• Create Structure for Freedom is a success principle.
• The success principle involves going from Knowing to Doing.
• The 9Grid is a popular and versatile visual thinking tool from Qnity.
• Short term memory can hold 3 to 7 chunks of information at a time.
• Avoiding MONEY issues will make them bigger and worse.
• “When you know your Why, you can endure any how.”
• Our MONEY Mindset directly influences our attitudes, choices and actions. It determines the direction we take in life as well as our success with MONEY.
• False: You have to be good at math to be good with money.
• True: It is never TOO EARLY to think about your future - AND make choices that you will be thankful for!
• KPI's are used to measure performance.
• The two most important numbers to grow sales are client count and average ticket.
• Client Count is the total number of clients you see over a specific time period.
• A Solopreneur have creative freedom, are their own boss and works alone.
• Additional income may come in the form of tips, bonuses and product commissions.
• A commission scale where rates increase as certain sales goals are met is called sliding.
• The three drivers for client count are referrals, retention, and rebooking.
• Add-ons, product, and pricing are the three drivers for average ticket.
• Add-ons are also referred to as up-selling.
• Successful product recommendations build client loyalty and trust, increase your average ticket and help clients get results.
• Outlining is a cutting technique used to define the hairline.
• A higher line of inclination creates more weight.
• Gradation is a very short version of graduation, in which lengths increase from shortest along the hairline to longer toward the interior.
• Clippers shell or housing that gets warmer faster is not common for clippers.
• Creating blunt looks for female clients is not why shear-over-comb techniques are used.
• An exaggeration of a regular side part is called a hard part.
• Before cutting a fade technique: determine the type of fade, the direction of the fade and clarify the degree of transparency.
• Creating a transition above the parietal ridge or upper crest results in more shade around the head.
• Cutting the longest zone length first and then working to the shorter is known as fading downward or reverse fading.
• During a fade procedure the transition from faded lengths moves to interior lengths at the crest area.
• An electric clipper does not have convectional motors.
• Gradation is sometimes called tapering.
• High gradation creates maximum transparency.
• In fade cuts, the proportion of form to shade is determined by various factors including the fade desired, hair length, texture and density and head shape.
• In tapered haircuts, transparency may occur at the lower nape and sideburns.
• Medium gradation generally extends beyond the occipital area.
• Razor etching creates lightly tapered lengths.
• Shears are opened and closed rhythmically while sliding blades upward from the ends when using the slithering technique.
• Tapered cuts and fades consist of two components, which are shade and form shades.
• Texturizing at the ends of the hair creates end mobility.
• The area that connects and blends the faded lengths with the longer interior lengths is called the transition zone.
• The focus of a fade haircut is the shade effect that is created.
• The T-shaped trimmer blade is best for detailing and creating clean hairlines.
• The occipital area anatomical reference is often used for a fade hair cut.
• A diagonal comb position is recommended when performing the shear-over-comb technique behind the ears.
• A drawback of a blunt outline is that neckline will appear blocked with a hard line.
• The control factor of clippers is the torque or power output.
• The line of inclination the angle at which the gradation progresses in length.
• Overcomb technique is used when the lengths are too short to control with the fingers

Level 3 Exam

• In long hair design, the placement of volume or mass creates the overall form.
• Income taxes fund public services.
• Gross Income is an individual’s total earnings - BEFORE ANY taxes or other deductions are taken out
• Net Pay is the amount of money left AFTER all withholdings are deducted
• True :Taxes are complicated and tax rules change often.
• False: Investment tax is applied to all money spent on investments.
• A 3-strand underbraid braid is created when the outside strands are crossed under the center strand.
• Air forming brushes allow the greatest airflow while directing it into the lines of the design.
• The first step to turning a dream into a goal is to Define the goal.
• Your MONEY IN represents all income sources including side hustles, tips and monetary gifts
• The second step to calculating your budget is to list MONEY OUT divided into spending categories.
• The second step to calculating your budget is to determine The difference between MONEY IN and MONEY OUT.
• The purpose of having a weekly MONEY meeting with yourself is to Review and plan MONEY matters.
• When making design decisions, the first thing you will consider about your client's hair length.
• The area in a design that the eye is immediately drawn to is a focal point.
• True: Using images AND text to define your goals creates unity.
• False: An objective does not need to be measurable.
• False: Creating a budget is NICE to HAVE; it’s really an optional tool for managing MONEY.
• True: You can create a budget for a specific purpose or goal.
• True: The purpose of budgeting is not to make you feel bad or guilty, it’s to make sure you have the MONEY available to spend on the things you want!
• False: If you have a student loan payment or credit card payment, that would go into the “lifestyle category.”
• To offset a narrow jawline on a heart-shaped/triangular face, add width near the jaw.
• A round or jewel neckline keeps the focus up near the face.
• Allow curls to cool while clipped in place for best results when creating curl texture with round brushes or thermal irons.
• To create flat pincurls for flat-ironing, partings are taken in either direction.
• Holding pins are long hairpins used to hold areas of a design in place temporarily.
• Crisscrossing is especially useful when securing areas that are intended to look looser and less structured.
• False: Layering hairspray and oil spray will help create a clean, weightless result.
• True: Looks that have a relaxed or tousled feeling can be less secure than those with more classic finishes.
• False: Once a design is created with a classic finish, it is not possible to change the look.
• False: Double-moussing is a technique used to make the hair softer.
• False: Directional blow drying is used to create volume in the hair.
• True: Generally, hair that is gathered and fastened or secured close to the head is called a ponytail.
• False: In long hair design, rolls are not used to put the hair up.
• True: When securing padding, insert bobby pins to cross the direction of the underlying hair.
• False: The latch-hook technique is used to overdirect the hair, positioning the base of a chignon above a ponytail base.
• False: When securing the hair, the sewing technique can only be used to secure waves.
• A curl diffusion service is used on natural, untreated hair to straighten the hair up to 85%.
• Relaxing is the ability to loosen or reduce the hair's existing texture such as straightening curly or tightly curled hair.
• Sodium hydroxide is the ingredient found in stronger chemical relaxers.
• Sodium hydroxide relaxer requires a base cream on the scalp to prevent irritation.
• A pull test is performed to check for elasticity.
• Before applying relaxer, it is important to protect the skin around the hairline and ears with a base cream.
• Sodium hydroxide relaxers are generally used on tightly curled hair.
• Virgin relaxers may be applied ¼" (.6 cm) to ½" (1.25 cm) away from the scalp because body heat from the scalp will allow it to spread toward the scalp.
• Mild chemical relaxer strength is safe to use on color-treated hair.
• A relaxation test should be performed to determine if additional smoothing is required.
• It is important to rinse the hair for a long period of time following the application of the relaxer to stop the chemical action.
• Super for fine hair curl rearrangers are not appropriately matched with the recommended hair type.
• There are three processes involved when performing a curl reformation.
• Virgin and retouch are the two basic curl reformation services performed in the salon.
• Ammonium thioglycolate is the main ingredient found in rearrangers used during a curl reformation process.
• The function of a curl activator is to provide moisture and further straightening.
• The perm tool diameter chosen is generally at least two times larger than the natural curl pattern when performing curl reformation.
• Cylinder rollers are not examples of thermal design tools
• Round brushes may not have a leather core.
• The blow dryer attachment that spreads airflow gently over a larger area is called a diffuser.
• Thermal protectant prepares and protects the hair from heat styling, conditions and adds shine.
• In hair design, curvature shapes in circles, ovals and oblongs.
• Base number 1 indicate diagram of a curl.
• Stem number 2 indicate diagram of a curl.
• Circle number 3 indicate diagram of a curl.
• Molding refers to designing wet hair in straight or curved lines to create a pattern and is also known as shaping.
• The second direction, or bottom half of the oblong shape moves toward the concave end.
• Two or more alternating oblongs create a(n) "S-shape".
• Scale means to carve out shapes in the proper size proportion to establish the lining of the design.
• The best way to start growing your Emergency Fund automatic deposit into a separate account.
• A Travel Savings Fund includes savings for transportation and lodging, experiences and lost income.
• Investing your MONEY is one way to guard against inflation.
• True: There are three main parts of a savings plan – an emergency fund, short-term savings, and long-term savings.
• True: By SAVING MONEY, you’ll be able to do more of what you love now, and invest in the things you dream of in the future.
• True: Paying yourself first is a key to MONEY Success.
• True: A House Savings Fund is considered a long-term savings fund.
• True: Investing is spending MONEY on something NOW with the hope that it will have a FUTURE return or increase.
• True: All investing comes with risk.

Level 4 Exam

• Another name for a nerve cell is neuron.
• A Contract is a legally binding agreement that exists between two or more parties to do or not do something.
• True: In order to be a truly good listener we have to actively listen, set aside judgement and seek to understand.
• True Suggest an alternative if you cannot afford an activity with friends.
• True: MONEY is a delicate and deeply personal topic.
• True: NOT asking for help with MONEY can turn a simple MONEY problem into a full blown MONEY crisis.
• Bone is composed of 2/3 mineral matter and 1/3 organic matter.
• Breathing through the nose is healthier because the nose contains mucus membranes that filter out dust/air.
• Groups of cells of the same kind make up tissues.
• Motor nerves carry messages from the brain to the muscles and are called efferent.
• Muscle makes up approximately 40% to 50% of the body's weight.
• Orbicularis oris muscles circles the mouth, contracts the lips.
• On the average, Adults have 8 to 10 quarts of blood flowing through the circulatory system.
• Organs that eliminate water and waste products are the kidneys.
• The mandible bone makes up the lower jaw and is the largest bone of the facial skeleton.
• Lymph is the colorless liquid produced as a byproduct when plasma passes nourishment to capillaries and cells.
• The function of the lungs is to supply the blood with oxygen.
• The buccinator muscle is located between the jaws and cheek is responsible for compressing the cheek to release air outwardly.
• The corrugator muscle controls the eyebrows, drawing them in and downward.
• The muscles that respond to commands regulated by will are referred to as striated.
• The occipital artery supplies blood to the back of the head.
• The primary function of the excretory system is to eliminate waste products from the body.
• The facial nerve is the primary motor nerve of the face.
• The release of energy within a cell necessary for the performance of specific body functions is called catabolism.
• The salon professional is primarily concerned with voluntary muscles.
• The smallest two bones of the facial skeleton that form the front part of the inner, bottom wall of the eye socket are called the lacrimal bones.
• The study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye is called gross anatomy.
• The two temporal bones located on either side of the head, directly above the ears and below the parietal bones.
• The upper chambers of the heart include the left and right atrium.
• The upper cheek and bottom of the eye socket are formed by the malar zygomatic.
• Cells are the basic units of living matter.
• The diaphragm is the muscular organ that separates the chest cavity from the abdomen when breathing.cells
• Most human cells are cells contain a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane
• The skin the largest organ od the body.
• Which type of tissue supports, protects and holds the body together connective tissue.
• Collagen protein and elastin fibers give the skin its elastic quality.
• Dry skin is usually characterized as not being prone to acne.
• Light skin and dark skin differ in the amount and type of melanin produced.
• Sudoriferous glands, sebaceous glands, sensory nerve endings, arrector pili muscles are found in the reticular the dermis.
• Sebum is the complex secretion containing a high percentage of fatty oily substances.
• The key function of the melanocyte is to produce melanin.
• The small openings onto the skin from the sudoriferous glands are called pores.
• The thickest skin is located on the palms of hands and soles of feet.
• The function of sebum is to mix with sweat to form the acid mantle.
• The large blood vessels found that transport nourishment to the skin and nerves in the subcutaneous layer.
• Sebaceous glands are sac-like and attached to hair follicles.
• Protects the skin the stratum corneum protects the skin's moisture balance by acting as a barrier to moisture loss.
• There is no complex skin type of four basic skin types.
• The epidermis skin layers does not contain any blood vessels.
• Oily skin type has a rough texture with enlarged pores and blackheads.
• The integumentary is made up of the skin and its layers
• A hair the base addition is designed to be attached to which portion
• It is not necessary to drape the client hairpiece and hair addition services.
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• Hair strandsRemy Remy has a hair with the cuticle intact and facing in the same direction.
• When Human hairstrands burn produce the following results burn slowly.
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• Switch blending allow blending to Switch all the client
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• True tickets two count attention
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Explore fundamental principles of hair design, including pattern lines, projection angles, and hair distribution. Learn about different forms, textures, and techniques used in hairdressing and styling. Understand the communication needed to achieve predictable results.