Hailstone Shapes
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes hail?

  • A form of snow precipitation
  • A form of solid ice precipitation (correct)
  • A form of liquid precipitation
  • A form of gas precipitation

What causes hail to form?

  • High temperatures
  • Updrafts in thunderstorms (correct)
  • Strong winds
  • Rainfall

What size hailstone is considered severe?

  • Golf ball size or larger
  • Tennis ball size or larger
  • Softball size or larger
  • Quarter size or larger (correct)

Which shape of hailstone is the most common?

<p>Spherical (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the fact that hail usually blows in from a certain direction?

<p>Directionality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which direction will suffer the most severe damage on a roof during a hailstorm?

<p>The direction facing the oncoming hailstorm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for damage on surfaces other than the roof caused by hail?

<p>Collateral damage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered 'functional' hail damage to roofing-covering materials?

<p>Fractures in the shingle mats (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that determines the impact-energy of a hailstone?

<p>Size (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the roofing material is more likely to suffer hail damage?

<p>Edges (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended safety measure when using a ladder on a roof?

<p>Leaning backward or sideways while climbing the ladder (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if your roof is made of slate tiles?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the terminal velocity of a hailstone?

<p>The fastest speed at which a hailstone can fall (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended angle for placing a ladder against a wall or roof?

<p>75 degrees (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should you tie the stiles of a ladder to a point with a rope or strap?

<p>Before climbing up the ladder (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors can affect the severity of hail damage to asphalt shingles?

<p>The thickness of the asphalt layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes functional damage to the asphalt layer of a shingle?

<p>A fracture in the mat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What conditions qualify granule loss as functional damage?

<p>Granule loss visible to the roof observer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What affects the amount of granule loss caused by a hail strike?

<p>The size of the hailstones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the formation of hailstones?

<p>Hailstones start as raindrops that freeze in colder areas of the cloud (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of hailstone considered severe?

<p>Quarter size or larger (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended method to measure the size of hailstones?

<p>Using a ruler or a caliper (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can affect the severity of hail damage to asphalt shingles?

<p>The direction from which the hailstorm blows (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe damage on surfaces other than the roof caused by hail?

<p>Collateral damage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the shingle is in horizontal tension when a hailstone strikes?

<p>Bottom surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a shingle fracture that extends through the mat but does not reach the upper surface?

<p>Bruise (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered 'cosmetic' hail damage to roofing-covering materials?

<p>Discoloration or minor damage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What size hailstones have been known to cause severe damage, including puncturing holes in roofs and causing fatal injuries?

<p>Softball size (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of velocity on the impact-energy of a hailstone?

<p>Higher velocity increases impact-energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended angle for placing a ladder against a wall or roof?

<p>45 degrees (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the severity of hail damage to asphalt shingles?

<p>The thickness of the asphalt layer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered functional damage to the granule layer of a shingle roof?

<p>Loose granules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following variables affects the amount of granule loss caused by a hail strike?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following safety measures is NOT recommended when using a ladder on a roof?

<p>Tying the stiles of the ladder with a rope or strap (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended safety measure when using a ladder on a roof?

<p>Placing the ladder on a slippery ground (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended angle for placing a ladder against a wall or roof?

<p>75 degrees (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should you tie the stiles of a ladder to a point with a rope or strap?

<p>Before using any ladder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if your roof is made of slate tiles?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct order of hail sizes, from smallest to largest?

<p>Pea, Mothball, Penny, Nickel, Quarter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the severity of hail damage to roofing materials?

<p>The size of the hailstones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended method to measure the size of hailstones?

<p>Using a ruler or a caliper (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the damage caused by hailstones that embed the granules deeper into the asphalt?

<p>Bruise (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for damage caused by hailstones that create a crack starting from the bottom surface of the shingle and spreading towards the top surface?

<p>Fracture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of asphalt shingles determines their impact resistance?

<p>Mat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common shape of hailstones?

<p>Spherical (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor that affects the severity of hail damage to asphalt shingles?

<p>The size of the hailstones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered functional damage to the asphalt layer of a shingle?

<p>A crack that reaches the upper surface (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of wind-driven hail on granule loss?

<p>It causes more granule loss on older roofs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for loose granules on an older shingle roof that can be dislodged even by small hail?

<p>Pre-existing damage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do to prevent issues that you may not be able to see while on a ladder?

<p>Always have a spotter on the ground (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if your roof is made of slate tiles?

<p>Use the Pivit tool and roof boot with care (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What safety measure should you take when using an extension ladder?

<p>Use ladder leveling tools like the Pivit tool and the roof boot (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should you work from the ladder rather than the roof?

<p>When the roof is dry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered 'cosmetic' hail damage to roofing-covering materials?

<p>Damage that affects the lifespan of the roofing material (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe damage that diminishes the ability of a roof to shed water and/or reduces the roof's expected long-term service life?

<p>Functional damage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the severity of hail damage to asphalt shingles?

<p>The size of the hailstones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the fastest speed at which a hailstone can possibly fall?

<p>Terminal velocity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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