Haematopoiesis Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a potential complication of a blood transfusion?

Iron deficiency

Impaired clotting

Fever

Transmission of infection (correct)

Which of the following is not a complication of blood transfusion?

Iron overload

Blood type incompatibility

Transmission of infection

Fever (correct)

What is the correct blood type that a patient with Blood Type AB can safely receive?

Only Blood Types B and O

Blood Types A, B, AB, and O (correct)

Only Blood Type AB

Only Blood Types A and O

What is the shape of the nucleus in an eosinophil?

Horseshoe/kidney-shaped Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the spleen in relation to red blood cells?

Removal of old and damaged red blood cells from circulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a totipotent stem cell?

Can divide into endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct statement about red blood cells?

They have a few enzymes needed for anaerobic metabolism of glucose Signup and view all the answers

What can cause Rh sensitization in an Rh- individual?

Giving birth to an Rh+ child Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of eosinophils?

They secrete major basic protein Signup and view all the answers

What type of stem cell is recommended for Jane after chemotherapy?

Pluripotent Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a totipotent stem cell?

Potential to give rise to all cell types in an organism Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct sequence of events in haematopoiesis?

Self-renewal, developmental pathway, committed cells, differentiated functional cell Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique feature of red blood cells?

They have a biconcave shape Signup and view all the answers

Where does haematopoiesis occur in a foetus?

Primarily in the liver throughout intrauterine life Signup and view all the answers

What is the diameter of a normoblast?

Not specified Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the liver and spleen in regards to red blood cells?

Removal of old and damaged red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability of a stem cell to divide into multiple cell types?

Multipotency Signup and view all the answers

What is the site of haematopoiesis in an adult?

The interstitium between the medullary vascular sinuses of the bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

What is the diameter of an Eosinophil?

6-8μm Signup and view all the answers

What is the lifespan of an Eosinophil?

Several days Signup and view all the answers

What is the diameter of a platelet?

1-2μm Signup and view all the answers

What is the lifespan of a macrophage?

Days/weeks Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following molecules controls red blood cell production?

Erythropoietin Signup and view all the answers

What type of anaemia involves a disturbance of proliferation and differentiation of erythroblasts?

Maturation defects Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of intrinsic abnormalities leading to anaemia?

Antibody mediated (rh disease, transfusion reactions) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct statement regarding red blood cell production?

The penultimate precursor is the normoblast, which has a loosely-condensed nucleus, which gets ejected, entering the blood as a reticulocyte Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following blood groups contains A antigen on cells and β antibody in plasma?

A Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of folic acid in treating anaemia?

Treating megaloblastic anaemia Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Haematopoiesis

Totipotent stem cells are capable of dividing to produce all cell types of an organism.
The correct order of haematopoiesis is: self-renewal, committed cells, developmental pathway, differentiated functional cell.

Red Blood Cells

Red blood cells have a biconcave shape and are approximately 7 μm in diameter.
Red blood cells do not have a nucleus.
Red blood cells only respire anaerobically.
Old and damaged red blood cells are removed by the liver and the spleen.
The lifespan of a red blood cell is about 60 days.

Haematopoiesis in Foetus and Adult

Haematopoiesis in a foetus occurs in the liver throughout intrauterine life.
Haematopoiesis in an adult occurs in the interstitium between the medullary vascular sinuses of the bone marrow.

Normoblasts and Platelets

The diameter of a normoblast is 6-8 μm.
The diameter of a platelet is 2-4 μm.

Eosinophils

The lifespan of an eosinophil is several days.
Eosinophils leave circulation within 2-6 hours of release from bone marrow.
Eosinophils have a horseshoe/kidney-shaped nucleus.

Macrophages and Anaemia

The lifespan of a macrophage is months/years.
Anaemia is characterized by shortness of breath, dizziness, weakness, and yellow eyes.
Anaemia is not characterized by high blood pressure.

Red Blood Cell Production

Erythropoietin is a molecule that controls red blood cell production.
Folate is important in reactions that enable vitamin B12 to function in thymidylate synthesis.
Bilirubin is metabolized to stercobilin by bacteria.

Lymphocytes

The diameter of the majority of lymphocytes is 6-9 μm.

Anaemia and Blood Transfusions

Maturation defects are a type of anaemia that involves a disturbance of proliferation and differentiation of erythroblasts.
Hereditary defects of membrane lipids and proteins are an example of intrinsic abnormalities leading to anaemia.
Folic acid treats megaloblastic anaemia.
The correct statement regarding red blood cell production is: the penultimate precursor is the normoblast, which has a loosely-condensed nucleus, which gets ejected, entering the blood as a reticulocyte.

Blood Groups

Blood group A contains A antigen on cells and β antibody in plasma.
Rh sensitization can occur during pregnancy, childbirth, or blood transfusions.

Blood Transfusions and Complications

Blood type incompatibility, transmission of infection, and fever are potential complications of blood transfusions.
Iron overload is not a complication of blood transfusions.
A patient with blood type AB can safely receive blood types A, B, AB, and O.

Eosinophils and Parasitic Infections

Eosinophils are involved in parasitic infections such as malaria.
Eosinophils have a lifespan of several days in tissues.
Eosinophils secrete major basic protein.

Red Blood Cell Count

Red blood cells are biconcave discs that increase the surface area and allow deformation.
Old and damaged red blood cells are removed from circulation by the liver and the spleen.
Red blood cells have a lifespan of around 60 days circulating in the blood.

Stem Cells

Totipotent stem cells are able to divide into either the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm.
Pluripotent stem cells are able to divide into either the endoderm, mesoderm, or ectoderm.
Stem cell transplantation is used to replace damaged stem cells in the body.

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Test your knowledge of haematopoiesis, including stem cells and the process of blood cell formation. Questions cover topics such as totipotent stem cells and the correct order of haematopoiesis.