Habitat Conservation and Biodiversity Quiz

<p>They allow species to migrate safely between habitats (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1.4% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tropical rainforests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Secondary extinctions of other species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Developing urban areas for human use (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>85% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intentional release for conservation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Erosion and pollution input (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss of nearly 40% of the bird species (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their rich species diversity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pollution contributes to 24% of species extinctions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduces population numbers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contributes to coastal erosion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shift towards unsuitable temperatures for species (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It creates a positive feedback cycle that drives further exploitation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deforestation and industrial activities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They capture and sell endangered species for commercial gain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Agents that disrupt the normal functioning of hormones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Population declines due to new pathogens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Destruction of coastal wetlands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decimation of other marine life and ecosystems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Positive feedback cycle related to population size (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Changes in habitat quality at the boundary of ecosystems. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased predation and parasitism, particularly from cowbirds. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To protect biodiversity and Earth's natural resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biodiversity is desirable for the biosphere and humans (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They should include multiple ecosystems connected by corridors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Approximately 1.6 to 1.7 million species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Central core reserve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To restore ecosystems to their pre-degradation state. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10% to 20% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acting quickly decreases the risk of losing original habitat fragments. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic diversity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Restored areas may not functionally match their natural counterparts. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can lead to increased parasitism and predation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Incorporating considerations for edge effects. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To permit low-impact human activities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhanced capacity to adapt to environmental change (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They contribute to the stability and functioning of the ecosystem (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Total area of the habitat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antibiotics derived from fungi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Identification of natural predators for pest control (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Higher rates of parasitism by cowbirds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They must include multiple ecosystems connected by corridors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reliance on wild fish and shellfish for food (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It promotes the interaction of different ecosystems. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supports sustainable human development and agriculture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Return ecosystems to their state before degradation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases predation risk and reduces reproductive capacity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Begin as soon as possible to prevent further habitat loss (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are better at acquiring resources due to their size (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can lead to increased salinity and evaporation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Core area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may not match the natural regions in function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pumping of vast amounts of water. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Implementing drip irrigation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase in salinity levels. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Significant water shortages. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>17% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have detrimental environmental impacts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through contact of rocks with underground streams. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through selling excess electricity or buying when in short supply. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is diffuse and requires additional processing steps. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduced dependence on oil and fewer environmental problems. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The requirement for storage and conversion processes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wind farms require less land than coal-fired power plants. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radioactive decay of elements underground (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They generate electricity using hydrogen. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can be replenished over time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It provides future generations with the same goods and services as current generations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fresh water utilization exceeds its natural replenishment rate. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High inputs of nonrenewable fossil fuel energy and pesticides. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It leads to significant biodiversity loss. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>61% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potential long-term environmental pollution. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive resource consumption compromises ecosystem maintenance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nuclear power (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Usage of renewable energy resources and recycling. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Human-induced extinctions are undesirable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It faces immediate and severe threats to biodiversity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10% to 20% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of species in a given area. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Its existence regardless of utility to people. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>More than 30,000 species. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic diversity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can lead to sediment buildup that reduces the capacity of reservoirs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Land subsidence, causing the ground to settle and potentially damage infrastructure. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using drip irrigation techniques to enhance water efficiency. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It contributes to increased salinity in water bodies. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Industrial and agricultural irrigation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They feature unusually large concentrations of species. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They facilitate movement between fragmented habitats. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can lead to numerous secondary extinctions if lost. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They evoke an emotional response from humans. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Preserving areas with the highest biodiversity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Great Barrier Reef in Australia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the leading cause of species' extinction. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Focusing on their habitat needs to prevent secondary extinctions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It encompasses multiple ecosystem types for species sustainability. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To mimic natural processes for sustainable development (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can be replenished naturally over time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It alters a considerable proportion of land for human use. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>About 50% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nonrenewable fossil fuels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure sustainable development for future generations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It relies predominantly on finite, nonrenewable sources. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Significant environmental pollution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Human consumption exceeds the rate of replenishment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Recycle materials and utilize renewable energy sources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased parasitism by brown-headed cowbirds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Begin as soon as possible before the remaining fragments are lost (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Research, light eco-tourism, and limited sustainable use (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They reduce the habitat size and quality for interior species (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Connection of multiple ecosystems by corridors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may not be functionally equivalent to the original ecosystems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low-impact human activities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It shrinks, reducing available habitat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sustainable human development and agriculture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased parasitism risk by cowbirds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Areas with unusually high concentrations of species, including a large portion of known plant and vertebrate species, and endemic species (found nowhere else).

Species whose loss would have significant negative consequences on many other species within an ecosystem. They're not necessarily the most abundant.

Protecting and maintaining areas that species need in order to live and thrive.

Connecting habitats to allow animals to move safely between different areas.

Species that evoke an emotional response from humans and are used as symbols in conservation efforts.

High biodiversity areas containing a large percentage of primate, amphibian, and plant populations. Often a biodiversity hotspot.

Species found only in one particular area.

Extinctions of species that result from the extinction of a keystone species.

The changes in habitat conditions that occur at the boundary between two ecosystems, such as between a forest and a field. These changes can affect species diversity and abundance.

As a patch of habitat gets smaller, the edge effect becomes more pronounced, leading to a reduction in the effective habitat area.

A phenomenon where brown-headed cowbirds lay their eggs in the nests of smaller songbirds, often at the edge of forests. Cowbird chicks outcompete the host chicks for resources, affecting songbird populations.

Areas set aside with the primary goal of protecting biodiversity. They are designed to safeguard ecosystems and species from human activities.

Conservation reserves should be large enough to sustain biodiversity, include multiple connected ecosystems, and account for edge effects.

Globally designated reserves divided into three zones: a central core reserve, a buffer zone, and a transition area, each with varying levels of human activity allowed.

The process of returning degraded ecosystems to their original state or a more natural state. It involves actively restoring habitats that have been damaged by human activities.

A scientific field that focuses on the methods and techniques used to restore ecosystems. It aims to develop scientifically sound approaches to habitat restoration.

Restoration should be initiated early before habitat fragments are lost, prioritize ecological processes, and consider the functional equivalence of restored areas to natural regions.

It provides an alternative to conserving existing habitats when they are significantly degraded. It helps restore biodiversity and ecosystem services.

The science of protecting biodiversity and Earth's natural resources, involving various disciplines and collaborations to manage species for future generations.

The principles emphasize the value of biodiversity for both the planet and humans, highlighting the undesirability of human-caused extinctions and the importance of protecting complex ecosystems and evolutionary processes.

The ongoing rapid extinction event caused by human activities, estimated to be causing losses of 10% to 20% of species within the next few decades, potentially up to 50% by 2100.

The variety of life on Earth, encompassing the number of species in a given area or ecosystem. Estimates indicate millions of species exist, with thousands facing endangerment.

The number of different species found in a particular area or ecosystem.

The destruction or degradation of natural habitats, leading to a decline in species populations and biodiversity. It is the primary driver of extinction.

Substances that interfere with the normal functioning of hormones in animals, potentially affecting their reproduction.

Non-native species introduced to a new environment, often disrupting the balance of existing ecosystems by outcompeting native species.

Significant and long-term shifts in global weather patterns, primarily caused by increased greenhouse gas emissions.

Harvesting of a species from the wild at a rate faster than it can replenish itself, leading to population decline.

The contamination of air, water, or soil with harmful substances, negatively impacting species survival and ecosystem health.

The removal of fish from a population at a rate that exceeds the ability of the stock to replenish itself.

The unsustainable harvesting of resources, such as plants or animals, at a rate faster than their ability to replenish, leading to population decline.

Individuals who illegally hunt, trap, or collect endangered or threatened species for commercial gain or personal use.

The spread of pathogens, often facilitated by human actions like habitat disruption or introduction of exotic species, leading to disease outbreaks.

The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna, an international agreement regulating the trade of endangered species.

Tropical rainforests are highly diverse, with many species found nowhere else, making them particularly susceptible to habitat loss. Destruction of these forests can lead to rapid species extinction.

Coastal habitats are degraded by human activities such as coastal development, pollution, and erosion, leading to the loss of vital marine ecosystems.

A process where an initial change triggers a series of events that amplify that change, leading to greater instability.

The transmission of pathogens from domesticated animals to wild populations, often due to habitat encroachment by humans.

Exotic species can outcompete or prey on native species, alter food webs, and disrupt the balance of an ecosystem.

Humans introduce exotic species through colonization efforts, horticulture/agriculture, and accidental transport.

A viral disease affecting dogs and other carnivores, with devastating effects on wildlife populations.

Sea otter populations along California's coast are significantly affected by infectious diseases, causing high mortality rates.

Kudzu, a vine introduced for soil erosion control, spread rapidly and became invasive, disrupting native ecosystems.

Biodiversity is extremely valuable to humans. It provides us with resources like medicines, food, and ecosystem services.

Many medicines are derived from plants and animals. Examples include rosy periwinkle for cancer treatment and horseshoe crab blood for medical device sterilization.

Our food supply relies on biodiversity. Crops like wheat and rice were originally derived from wild plants. Predators and pollinators also contribute to agriculture.

Humans directly benefit from using biodiversity for food, materials, and other products.

Ecosystem diversity, the variety of ecosystems, is crucial for maintaining healthy environments. This includes interactions between species and their environment.

Species that play critical roles in maintaining ecosystem balance are called keystone species. Conserving them helps protect the entire ecosystem.

Habitat fragmentation can negatively impact species by increasing predation risk and limiting their ability to reproduce effectively.

The lack of sufficient water resources to meet the needs of a population, leading to shortages and potential conflicts.

The excessive pumping of groundwater from underground water reservoirs, leading to depletion or lowering of the water table.

Negative consequences associated with building dams, including water loss, increased salinity, sediment buildup, and impacts on natural wildlife.

Practices and strategies to reduce water use and protect water resources, such as using drought-tolerant plants, drip irrigation, and limiting lawn watering.

Modern farming methods produce enough food to feed everyone on Earth a healthy diet, but there are concerns about resource use and sustainability.

Electricity generated from the energy of falling water, using dams to create a flow of water through turbines.

Harnessing the heat from the Earth's interior to generate electricity or heat.

Using wind turbines to convert wind energy into electricity.

Harnessing the sun's energy to generate electricity or heat.

A device that converts sunlight directly into electricity using semiconductor materials.

Devices that generate electricity through a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen.

Using solar energy to produce hydrogen fuel, which can then be used to generate electricity.

Reduces reliance on fossil fuels and minimizes environmental problems like global warming and pollution.

Solar energy distributed over a wide area, requiring steps for collection, conversion, and storage to be useful.

Solar energy becomes competitive with other energy sources when technology improves to efficiently collect, convert, and store solar energy.

As a habitat patch gets smaller, the relative size of the edge increases, causing a more pronounced edge effect and less effective habitat area.

Areas set aside specifically to protect biodiversity from human activities. They aim to safeguard ecosystems and species within their borders.

Conservation reserves should be large enough to sustain biodiversity, include multiple connected ecosystems, and be designed to minimize edge effects.

Conservation biology is the science of protecting biodiversity and Earth's natural resources, involving various disciplines and collaborations to manage species for future generations.

A society that can provide the same goods and services for future generations as it does now, without depleting resources or harming the environment.

Resources that can be replenished naturally over time, like solar energy, wind power, and fresh water.

Resources that are finite and cannot be replenished on a human timescale, such as fossil fuels and minerals.

Nonrenewable energy sources formed from the remains of ancient organisms compressed over millions of years, such as coal, oil, and natural gas.

At present, human society is not sustainable due to overconsumption of nonrenewable resources, excessive land use, and reliance on fossil fuels.

Practices that aim to reduce environmental impact and ensure resources are available for future generations, such as using renewable energy, recycling, and adopting sustainable agricultural methods.

People in developed countries consume significantly more energy per day than people in developing countries.

Modern agriculture contributes to pollution and resource depletion through its reliance on fossil fuels, fertilizers, and pesticides.

Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and geothermal that offer a more sustainable alternative to fossil fuels.

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Species facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future.

The rapid rate of biodiversity loss, driven by human activities, sets a deadline for conservation efforts. We face a sixth mass extinction, with many species on the verge of disappearance.

Areas set aside to protect biodiversity from human activities, safeguarding ecosystems and species.

As a habitat patch shrinks, the edge effect becomes more pronounced, reducing the effective area of the habitat suitable for species typical of the interior.

A type of bird that lays its eggs in the nests of other songbirds, primarily at forest edges. Cowbird chicks often outcompete host chicks for resources.

Conservation reserves should be large enough to sustain biodiversity, include multiple connected ecosystems, and be designed to minimize edge effects.

Human consumption of resources, especially nonrenewable resources, is the primary cause of biodiversity loss.

No, our society is currently not sustainable due to overconsumption of nonrenewable resources, excessive land use, and reliance on fossil fuels.

Dams have drawbacks such as water loss through evaporation and seepage, increased salinity due to evaporation and runoff, sediment buildup reducing dam capacity, and negative impacts on wildlife.

Solar-hydrogen energy reduces reliance on fossil fuels, minimizing environmental problems like global warming and pollution.