Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the three main types of guards used in machinery safety?
What are the three main types of guards used in machinery safety?
What does 'nip point' refer to in the context of machine safety?
What does 'nip point' refer to in the context of machine safety?
A point on a machine where materials can be caught between moving parts and a fixed surface, which can cause injuries to operators.
What are the three main causes of forklift accidents?
What are the three main causes of forklift accidents?
Forklifts should always be driven forward up an incline and backward down an incline when loaded.
Forklifts should always be driven forward up an incline and backward down an incline when loaded.
Signup and view all the answers
What does 'Lockout/Tagout' refer to in the context of machine safety?
What does 'Lockout/Tagout' refer to in the context of machine safety?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of a 'wire guard' in relation to machinery safety?
What is the purpose of a 'wire guard' in relation to machinery safety?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a characteristic of a 'self-adjusting' guard in machinery safety?
Which of the following is a characteristic of a 'self-adjusting' guard in machinery safety?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most common type of guard used in machinery safety?
What is the most common type of guard used in machinery safety?
Signup and view all the answers
Interlocked guards require occasional maintenance and adjustment to ensure proper operation.
Interlocked guards require occasional maintenance and adjustment to ensure proper operation.
Signup and view all the answers
What are the advantages of using an interlocked guard on machinery?
What are the advantages of using an interlocked guard on machinery?
Signup and view all the answers
An adjustable guard can be adjusted manually to fit different sizes of materials being processed.
An adjustable guard can be adjusted manually to fit different sizes of materials being processed.
Signup and view all the answers
A 'shield' of safety glass is used to prevent sparks and particles from striking a worker.
A 'shield' of safety glass is used to prevent sparks and particles from striking a worker.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of 'wrist cuffs' used in machinery safety?
What is the purpose of 'wrist cuffs' used in machinery safety?
Signup and view all the answers
It is never safe to drive a forklift with the forks raised.
It is never safe to drive a forklift with the forks raised.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT considered a good practice for forklift safety?
Which of the following is NOT considered a good practice for forklift safety?
Signup and view all the answers
The operator should always travel with the forks 150 mm above ground level.
The operator should always travel with the forks 150 mm above ground level.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Occupational Safety and Health - Mechanical Hazard
-
Lesson Outcomes:
- Describe characteristics of mechanical hazards.
- Provide examples of mechanical hazards.
- Outline precautions to control mechanical hazards.
Accident Cases
- Fatal Accident: A worker in a palm oil processing plant was fatally crushed by a machine.
- Details: A worker, Gan Kian Beng (57), was caught in machinery at a palm oil processing plant in Jalan Genuang.
- Time of Accident: 3:18 PM.
- Response: Emergency responders took approximately 30 minutes to recover the body.
Hand-Held Power Tools
- Types: Impact driver, cordless drill, heat gun, orbital sander, Dremel, jigsaw, plunge saw, domino, router, chain saw, circular saw, drill/driver, miter saw, sheet sander, brad nailer, sawzall, cut off saw, compound mitre saw, planner, table saw, power hacksaw, angle grinder, bench sander, bench drill, chop saw, drill
-
General Hazards:
- Entanglement in rotating spindles or sanding discs.
- Waste material ejection.
- Contact with cutting blades or drill bits, and risk of hitting electrical, gas or water services during operation.
- Electrocution/Electric shock from poorly maintained equipment.
- Manual handling problems if tools are heavy.
- Hand-arm vibration if using pneumatic drills or chainsaws.
- Hazards from trailing cables, hoses, or power supplies.
- Flying particles and eye injuries.
-
Typical Safety Controls and Instructions:
- Proper guarding: Necessary at point of operation, in-running nip points, rotating parts, flying chips.
- Operating controls and switches: Safety switches that cut power when pressure is released, handles designed for operator comfort & protection from excessive vibration, and location of equipment away from danger areas.
- Safe operations/instructions: Protection against electric shocks, personal injury, ill health, and risk of fire, clean and tidy working area, avoiding water exposure, use in the vicinity of combustible materials.
-
Machine Safeguard:
- Fixed Guards: A permanent component of the machine, often made of sheet metal.
- Advantages: Easily constructed to suit many applications, often possible to construct in-plant, maximum protection, and minimum maintenance needed.
- Limitations: Limited to specific operations, machine adjustment and repair require removal and other protection solutions for personnel.
- Interlocked Guard: Connected to a mechanism that automatically shuts off the power.
- Advantages: Provides maximum worker safety, easy and time efficient access for removing jams.
- Limitations: Requires careful adjustment and maintenance, the potential for disengagement of the guard.
- Adjustable Guard: Highly flexible for various workpiece sizes.
- Advantages: Constructed for specific applications, easily adjusted to accept different stock sizes.
- Limitations: Hands or parts can enter the danger area and potential for incomplete protection. Can potentially get in the way of visibility.
- Self-Adjusting Guard: Guard that modifies with the movement of the workpiece.
- Advantages: Available to buy off the shelf.
- Limitations: May not offer maximum protection, potentially impair visibility and require more maintenance, and possibly not provide maximum protection.
Types of Mechanical Hazards
- Crushing: Being trapped between a moving and fixed machine part.
- Shearing: A body part getting caught between moving and fixed machine parts.
- Cutting/Severing: Contact with a cutting edge (e.g., band saw, rotating disc).
- Entanglement: Clothing or material getting caught in revolving machinery components (with smaller diameter parts more susceptible to entanglement).
- Drawing-in/Trapping: Hazard of getting trapped between in-running gears.
- Impact: When a moving machine part collides with a person.
- Stabbing/Puncture: Projection of particles due to a machine part or sharp operating component(e.g., needle on a sewing machine).
- Contact/Abrasion: Friction and abrasion hazards such as those associated with sanding machines or rotating grinding wheels.
- High-Pressure Fluid Injection (Ejection): Ejection of fluid pressure by hydraulic system leaks.
Causes of Machine Accidents
- Negligence: Carelessness or lack of attention.
- Lack of Lockout/Tagout Procedures: Important for controlled disengagement of machinery during maintenance.
- Unauthorized Personnel: Incorrect people using or maintaining the machines.
- Missing/Loose Machine Guards: Important safety elements missing.
Forklift Safety
- Forklift Usefulness: Used for moving raw materials, tools, and equipment in many industries.
- Common Related Accidents: These often arise from lack of operator training, maintenance inadequacies, or the absence of a secure workplace for operation and storage.
-
Operator Requirements:
- Operator selection important—focus on physical and mental fitness, detailed training, job-specific safety indoctrination, authorization to operate, documented driver competence, and ongoing assessment.
-
Maintenance Needs:
- Daily checking of systems (Hydraulics, Brakes, Battery, Lights and Steering).
- Component checks—Tyre pressure, Brakes/hand breaks, Horn, Lights/beacon, and Fuel.
-
Operating Procedures:
- Safety procedures for safe movement and handling of loads, and in/around buildings/obstacles. Key points to observe: Keeping clear of pedestrians, observing traffic laws, appropriate speed limits and avoiding driving with forks raised.
-
Operational Hazard Mitigation:
- Overturning: Overload prevention, appropriate load handling, and travel considerations on inclines—crucial.
- Collisions: Pedestrian awareness.
- Loss of load prevention: Safety measures to prevent unexpected incidents.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
